AB465: Bill Text

LRB-3528/1

JEO&MGD:kmg/jlg/wlj/cmh:km

1999 - 2000 LEGISLATURE

1999 Assembly BILL 465

September 14, 1999 - Introduced by Representatives Goetsch and Walker, cosponsored by Senator George. Referred to Committee on Criminal Justice.

AB465,7,11 An Act to repeal 351.07 (2) (b), 939.32 (1) (b), 939.50 (1) (bc), 939.50 (3) (bc), 939.615 (7) (c), 939.622, 939.623, 939.624, 939.625, 939.63 (2), 939.635, 939.64, 939.641, 939.646, 939.647, 939.648, 940.09 (1b), 940.19 (3), 940.195 (3), 940.195 (6), 940.25 (1b), 940.285 (2) (b) 3., 941.29 (2m), 941.296 (3), 943.01 (2g), 943.23 (1m), 943.23 (1r), 946.42 (4), 946.425 (2), 948.02 (3m), 948.025 (2m), 948.03 (5), 948.35, 948.36, 948.605 (4), 961.41 (1) (cm) 5., 961.41 (1) (d) 5., 961.41 (1) (d) 6., 961.41 (1) (e) 5., 961.41 (1) (e) 6., 961.41 (1m) (cm) 5., 961.41 (1m) (d) 5., 961.41 (1m) (d) 6., 961.41 (1m) (e) 5., 961.41 (1m) (e) 6., 961.41 (2) (c), 961.41 (3g) (a) 2., 961.41 (3g) (a) 3., 961.438, 961.46 (2), 961.46 (3), 961.465, 961.48 (2), 961.48 (4), 961.49 (2), 961.49 (3), 961.492, 973.01 (2) (b) 2. and 973.03 (3) (e) 3.; to renumber 351.07 (2) (a) and 961.49 (1); to renumber and amend 49.95 (1), 125.075 (2), 939.63 (1), 943.20 (3) (d) 2., 948.025 (1), 948.025 (2), 961.41 (1) (cm) 1., 961.41 (1m) (cm) 1., 961.41 (3g) (a) 1., 961.46 (1), 961.48 (1), 971.17 (1), 973.01 (2) (b) 6., 973.01 (2) (c) and 973.01 (2) (d); to amend 6.18, 11.61 (1) (a), 11.61 (1) (b), 12.60 (1) (a), 13.05, 13.06, 13.69 (6m), 15.01 (2), 23.33 (13) (cg), 26.14 (8), 29.971 (1) (c), 29.971 (1m) (c), 29.971 (11m) (a), 29.971 (11p) (a), 30.80 (2g) (b), 30.80 (2g) (c), 30.80 (2g) (d), 30.80 (3m), 36.25 (6) (d), 47.03 (3) (d), 48.355 (2d) (b) 3., 48.415 (9m) (b) 2., 48.417 (1) (d), 48.57 (3p) (g) 2., 48.685 (5) (bm) 2., 48.685 (5) (bm) 3., 48.685 (5) (bm) 4., 49.127 (8) (a) 2., 49.127 (8) (b) 2., 49.127 (8) (c), 49.141 (7) (a), 49.141 (7) (b), 49.141 (9) (a), 49.141 (9) (b), 49.141 (10) (b), 49.49 (1) (b) 1., 49.49 (2) (a), 49.49 (2) (b), 49.49 (3), 49.49 (3m) (b), 49.49 (4) (b), 51.15 (12), 55.06 (11) (am), 66.4025 (1) (b), 66.4025 (1) (c), 69.24 (1) (intro.), 70.47 (18) (a), 71.83 (2) (b), 86.192 (4), 97.43 (4), 97.45 (2), 100.171 (7) (b), 100.2095 (6) (d), 100.26 (2), 100.26 (5), 100.26 (7), 101.143 (10) (b), 101.94 (8) (b), 102.835 (11), 102.835 (18), 102.85 (3), 108.225 (11), 108.225 (18), 110.07 (5) (a), 114.20 (18) (c), 115.31 (2g), 118.19 (4) (a), 125.085 (3) (a) 2., 125.105 (2) (b), 125.66 (3), 125.68 (12) (b), 125.68 (12) (c), 132.20 (2), 133.03 (1), 133.03 (2), 134.05 (4), 134.16, 134.20 (1) (intro.), 134.205 (4), 134.58, 139.44 (1), 139.44 (1m), 139.44 (2), 139.44 (8) (c), 139.95 (2), 139.95 (3), 146.345 (3), 146.35 (5), 146.60 (9) (am), 146.70 (10) (a), 154.15 (2), 154.29 (2), 166.20 (11) (b), 167.10 (9) (g), 175.20 (3), 180.0129 (2), 181.0129 (2), 185.825, 200.09 (2), 214.93, 215.02 (6) (b), 215.12, 215.21 (21), 218.21 (7), 220.06 (2), 221.0625 (2) (intro.), 221.0636 (2), 221.0637 (2), 221.1004 (2), 253.06 (4) (b), 285.87 (2) (b), 291.97 (2) (b) (intro.), 291.97 (2) (c) 1. and 2., 299.53 (4) (c) 2., 301.035 (2), 301.035 (4), 301.26 (4) (cm) 1., 302.095 (2), 302.11 (1g) (a) 2., 302.11 (1p), 302.113 (2), 302.113 (7), 302.113 (9), 302.114 (5) (f), 302.114 (6) (b), 302.114 (6) (c), 302.114 (9), 302.33 (1), 303.065 (1) (b) 1., 303.08 (1) (intro.), 303.08 (2), 303.08 (5) (intro.), 303.08 (6), 303.08 (12), 304.06 (1) (b), 304.071 (2), 341.605 (3), 342.06 (2), 342.065 (4) (b), 342.155 (4) (b), 342.156 (6) (b), 342.30 (3) (a), 342.32 (3), 343.31 (1) (i), 343.31 (3) (d) (intro.), 343.44 (2) (b) (intro.), 344.48 (2), 346.17 (3) (a), 346.17 (3) (b), 346.17 (3) (c), 346.17 (3) (d), 346.175 (1) (a), 346.175 (1) (b), 346.175 (4) (b), 346.175 (4) (c), 346.175 (4) (d), 346.175 (5) (intro.), 346.175 (5) (a), 346.65 (2) (e), 346.65 (5), 346.74 (5) (b), 346.74 (5) (c), 346.74 (5) (d), 350.11 (2m), 446.07, 447.09, 450.11 (9) (b), 450.14 (5), 450.15 (2), 551.58 (1), 552.19 (1), 553.52 (1), 553.52 (2), 562.13 (3), 562.13 (4), 565.50 (2), 565.50 (3), 601.64 (4), 641.19 (4) (a), 641.19 (4) (b), 753.061 (2m), 765.30 (1) (intro.), 765.30 (2) (intro.), 768.07, 783.07, 801.50 (5), 911.01 (4) (c), 938.208 (1) (a), 938.34 (4h) (a), 938.34 (4m) (b) 1., 938.355 (2d) (b) 3., 938.355 (4) (b), 938.78 (3), 939.22 (21) (d), 939.30 (1), 939.30 (2), 939.32 (1) (intro.), 939.50 (1) (intro.), 939.50 (2), 939.50 (3) (c), 939.50 (3) (d), 939.50 (3) (e), 939.615 (7) (b) 2., 939.62 (1) (a), 939.62 (1) (b), 939.62 (1) (c), 939.62 (2m) (a) 2m. a., 939.62 (2m) (a) 2m. b., 939.632 (1) (e) 1., 939.632 (2), 939.645 (2), 939.72 (1), 939.75 (1), 940.02 (2) (intro.), 940.03, 940.04 (1), 940.04 (2) (intro.), 940.04 (4), 940.06 (1), 940.06 (2), 940.07, 940.08 (1), 940.08 (2), 940.09 (1) (intro.), 940.10 (1), 940.10 (2), 940.11 (1), 940.11 (2), 940.12, 940.15 (2), 940.15 (5), 940.15 (6), 940.19 (2), 940.19 (4), 940.19 (5), 940.19 (6) (intro.), 940.195 (2), 940.195 (4), 940.195 (5), 940.20 (1), 940.20 (1m), 940.20 (2), 940.20 (2m) (b), 940.20 (3), 940.20 (4), 940.20 (5) (b), 940.20 (6) (b) (intro.), 940.20 (7) (b), 940.201 (2) (intro.), 940.203 (2) (intro.), 940.205 (2) (intro.), 940.207 (2) (intro.), 940.21, 940.22 (2), 940.225 (2) (intro.), 940.225 (3), 940.23 (1) (a), 940.23 (1) (b), 940.23 (2) (a), 940.23 (2) (b), 940.24 (1), 940.24 (2), 940.25 (1) (intro.), 940.285 (2) (b) 1g., 940.285 (2) (b) 1m., 940.285 (2) (b) 1r., 940.285 (2) (b) 2., 940.29, 940.295 (3) (b) 1g., 940.295 (3) (b) 1m., 940.295 (3) (b) 1r., 940.295 (3) (b) 2., 940.295 (3) (b) 3., 940.30, 940.305 (1), 940.305 (2), 940.31 (1) (intro.), 940.31 (2) (a), 940.31 (2) (b), 940.32 (2) (intro.), 940.32 (2m), 940.32 (3) (intro.), 940.32 (3m) (intro.), 940.43 (intro.), 940.45 (intro.), 941.11 (intro.), 941.12 (1), 941.20 (2) (intro.), 941.20 (3) (a) (intro.), 941.21, 941.235 (1), 941.26 (2) (a), 941.26 (2) (b), 941.26 (2) (e), 941.26 (2) (f), 941.26 (2) (g), 941.26 (4) (d), 941.26 (4) (e), 941.28 (3), 941.29 (2) (intro.), 941.295 (1), 941.296 (2) (intro.), 941.298 (2), 941.30 (1), 941.30 (2), 941.31 (1), 941.31 (2) (b), 941.315 (3) (intro.), 941.32, 941.325, 941.327 (2) (b) 1., 941.327 (2) (b) 2., 941.327 (2) (b) 3., 941.327 (2) (b) 4., 941.327 (3), 941.37 (3), 941.37 (4), 941.38 (1) (b) 4., 941.38 (2), 943.01 (2) (intro.), 943.01 (2) (d), 943.011 (2) (intro.), 943.012 (intro.), 943.013 (2) (intro.), 943.014 (2), 943.015 (2) (intro.), 943.017 (2) (intro.), 943.017 (2) (d), 943.017 (2m) (b) (intro.), 943.02 (1) (intro.), 943.03, 943.04, 943.06 (2), 943.07 (1), 943.07 (2), 943.10 (1) (intro.), 943.10 (2) (intro.), 943.12, 943.20 (3) (a), 943.20 (3) (b), 943.20 (3) (c), 943.20 (3) (d) (intro.), 943.20 (3) (d) 1., 943.20 (3) (d) 3., 943.20 (3) (d) 4., 943.201 (2), 943.205 (3), 943.21 (3) (a), 943.21 (3) (b), 943.23 (1g), 943.23 (2), 943.23 (3), 943.23 (4m), 943.23 (5), 943.24 (1), 943.24 (2), 943.25 (1), 943.25 (2) (intro.), 943.26 (2), 943.27, 943.28 (2), 943.28 (3), 943.28 (4), 943.30 (1), 943.30 (2), 943.30 (3), 943.30 (4), 943.30 (5) (b), 943.31, 943.32 (1) (intro.), 943.32 (2), 943.34 (1) (a), 943.34 (1) (b), 943.34 (1) (c), 943.38 (1) (intro.), 943.38 (2), 943.39 (intro.), 943.395 (2) (a), 943.395 (2) (b), 943.40 (intro.), 943.41 (8) (b), 943.41 (8) (c), 943.45 (3) (c), 943.45 (3) (d), 943.455 (4) (c), 943.455 (4) (d), 943.46 (4) (c), 943.46 (4) (d), 943.47 (3) (c), 943.47 (3) (d), 943.50 (4) (a), 943.50 (4) (b), 943.50 (4) (c), 943.60 (1), 943.61 (5) (b), 943.61 (5) (c), 943.62 (4) (b), 943.62 (4) (c), 943.70 (2) (b) 2., 943.70 (2) (b) 3., 943.70 (2) (b) 4., 943.70 (3) (b) 2., 943.70 (3) (b) 3., 943.70 (3) (b) 4., 943.75 (2), 944.05 (1) (intro.), 944.06, 944.16 (intro.), 944.205 (2) (intro.), 944.21 (5) (c), 944.21 (5) (e), 944.32, 944.33 (2), 944.34 (intro.), 945.03 (intro.), 945.05 (1) (intro.), 945.08 (1), 946.02 (1) (intro.), 946.03 (1) (intro.), 946.03 (2), 946.05 (1), 946.10 (intro.), 946.11 (1) (intro.), 946.12 (intro.), 946.13 (1) (intro.), 946.14, 946.15 (1), 946.15 (3), 946.31 (1) (intro.), 946.32 (1) (intro.), 946.41 (2m) (intro.), 946.415 (2) (intro.), 946.42 (3) (intro.), 946.425 (1), 946.425 (1m) (b), 946.425 (1r) (b), 946.43 (intro.), 946.44 (1) (intro.), 946.44 (1g), 946.44 (1m), 946.47 (1) (intro.), 946.48 (1), 946.49 (1) (b), 946.49 (2), 946.60 (1), 946.60 (2), 946.61 (1) (intro.), 946.64, 946.65 (1), 946.68 (1r) (a), 946.68 (1r) (b), 946.68 (1r) (c), 946.69 (2) (intro.), 946.70 (2), 946.72 (1), 946.74 (2), 946.76, 946.82 (4), 946.84 (1), 946.85 (1), 947.013 (1t), 947.013 (1v), 947.013 (1x) (intro.), 947.015, 948.02 (2), 948.02 (3), 948.03 (2) (a), 948.03 (2) (b), 948.03 (2) (c), 948.03 (3) (a), 948.03 (3) (b), 948.03 (3) (c), 948.03 (4) (a), 948.03 (4) (b), 948.04 (1), 948.04 (2), 948.05 (1) (intro.), 948.05 (1m), 948.05 (2), 948.055 (2) (a), 948.055 (2) (b), 948.06 (intro.), 948.07 (intro.), 948.08, 948.095 (2) (intro.), 948.11 (2) (a), 948.11 (2) (am), 948.12 (intro.), 948.13 (2), 948.20, 948.21 (1), 948.22 (2), 948.23, 948.24 (1) (intro.), 948.30 (1) (intro.), 948.30 (2) (intro.), 948.31 (1) (b), 948.31 (2), 948.31 (3) (intro.), 948.40 (4) (a), 948.40 (4) (b), 948.51 (3) (b), 948.60 (2) (b), 948.60 (2) (c), 948.605 (2) (a), 948.605 (3) (a), 948.61 (2) (b), 948.62 (1) (a), 948.62 (1) (b), 948.62 (1) (c), 949.03 (1) (b), 950.04 (1v) (g), 951.18 (1), 951.18 (2), 951.18 (2m), 961.41 (1) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (a), 961.41 (1) (b), 961.41 (1) (cm) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (cm) 2., 961.41 (1) (cm) 3., 961.41 (1) (cm) 4., 961.41 (1) (d) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (d) 1., 961.41 (1) (d) 2., 961.41 (1) (d) 3., 961.41 (1) (d) 4., 961.41 (1) (e) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (e) 1., 961.41 (1) (e) 2., 961.41 (1) (e) 3., 961.41 (1) (e) 4., 961.41 (1) (f) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (f) 1., 961.41 (1) (f) 2., 961.41 (1) (f) 3., 961.41 (1) (g) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (g) 1., 961.41 (1) (g) 2., 961.41 (1) (g) 3., 961.41 (1) (h) (intro.), 961.41 (1) (h) 1., 961.41 (1) (h) 2., 961.41 (1) (h) 3., 961.41 (1) (i), 961.41 (1) (j), 961.41 (1m) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (a), 961.41 (1m) (b), 961.41 (1m) (cm) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (cm) 2., 961.41 (1m) (cm) 3., 961.41 (1m) (cm) 4., 961.41 (1m) (d) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (d) 1., 961.41 (1m) (d) 2., 961.41 (1m) (d) 3., 961.41 (1m) (d) 4., 961.41 (1m) (e) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (e) 1., 961.41 (1m) (e) 2., 961.41 (1m) (e) 3., 961.41 (1m) (e) 4., 961.41 (1m) (f) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (f) 1., 961.41 (1m) (f) 2., 961.41 (1m) (f) 3., 961.41 (1m) (g) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (g) 1., 961.41 (1m) (g) 2., 961.41 (1m) (g) 3., 961.41 (1m) (h) (intro.), 961.41 (1m) (h) 1., 961.41 (1m) (h) 2., 961.41 (1m) (h) 3., 961.41 (1m) (i), 961.41 (1m) (j), 961.41 (1n) (c), 961.41 (1q), 961.41 (1r), 961.41 (2) (intro.), 961.41 (2) (a), 961.41 (2) (b), 961.41 (2) (d), 961.41 (3g) (c), 961.41 (3g) (d), 961.41 (3g) (e), 961.41 (3g) (f), 961.41 (4) (am) 3., 961.42 (2), 961.43 (2), 961.455 (1), 961.455 (3), 961.472 (2), 961.48 (2m) (a), 961.48 (3), 968.255 (1) (a) 2., 968.31 (1) (intro.), 968.34 (3), 968.43 (3), 969.08 (10) (a), 969.08 (10) (b), 971.365 (1) (c), 971.365 (2), 973.01 (1), 973.01 (2) (intro.), 973.01 (2) (a), 973.01 (2) (b) (intro.), 973.01 (2) (b) 3., 973.01 (2) (b) 4., 973.01 (2) (b) 5., 973.01 (4), 973.0135 (1) (b) 2., 973.03 (3) (e) 1. and 2., 973.032 (4) (c) 2., 973.075 (1) (b) 1m. e., 973.075 (2) (d), 973.09 (2) (b) 1., 977.06 (2) (b) and 978.13 (1) (c); to repeal and recreate 944.15 (title); to create 15.105 (26), 19.42 (10) (o), 19.42 (13) (n), 20.505 (4) (dr), 20.505 (4) (mr), 20.923 (4) (b) 7., 20.923 (6) (hr), 49.95 (1) (e) and (f), 125.075 (2) (b), 227.01 (13) (sm), 230.08 (2) (L) 6., 230.08 (2) (of), 302.113 (7m), 302.113 (8m), 302.113 (9) (am), 302.113 (9) (d), 302.113 (9g), 302.114 (8m), 302.114 (9) (d), 346.04 (2t), 346.04 (4), 346.17 (2t), 801.50 (5c), 939.32 (1) (bm), 939.32 (1g), 939.32 (1m), 939.32 (2) (title), 939.32 (3) (title), 939.50 (1) (f), 939.50 (1) (g), 939.50 (1) (h), 939.50 (1) (i), 939.50 (3) (f), 939.50 (3) (g), 939.50 (3) (h), 939.50 (3) (i), 940.09 (1c), 943.20 (3) (bm), 943.23 (3m), 943.34 (1) (bm), 943.50 (4) (bm), 946.50 (5d), 946.50 (5h), 946.50 (5p), 946.50 (5t), 948.025 (1) (b), 948.025 (2) (a), 948.51 (3) (c), 948.62 (1) (bm), 950.04 (1v) (nt), 961.41 (1) (cm) 1g., 961.41 (1) (h) 4., 961.41 (1) (h) 5., 961.41 (1m) (cm) 1g., 961.41 (1m) (h) 4., 961.41 (1m) (h) 5., 961.41 (3g) (b) (title), 961.48 (1) (a) and (b), 971.17 (1) (b), 971.17 (1) (d), 973.01 (2) (b) 6m., 973.01 (2) (b) 7., 973.01 (2) (b) 8., 973.01 (2) (b) 9., 973.01 (2) (c) 2., 973.01 (2) (d) 1. to 6., 973.017, 973.15 (2) (am), 973.30 and 977.05 (4) (jm) of the statutes; and to affect 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, section 454 (1) (f) and 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, section 454 (2); relating to: classification and elements of felony offenses and certain misdemeanor offenses; modification of a bifurcated sentence in certain cases; revocation of extended supervision; the creation of a sentencing commission and temporary sentencing guidelines; making an appropriation; and providing penalties.

Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau

1997 Wisconsin Act 283 (often called the "truth in sentencing" act) changed felony penalties and created a new structure for sentences for felony offenses. 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 also created a criminal penalties study committee, which was directed to study various issues related to the implementation of the act, make recommendations based on its study and submit a report concerning its study and recommendations. The report must include any proposed legislation that is necessary to implement the recommendations made by the committee in its report.

This bill is the proposed legislation necessary to implement the recommendations made by the committee. The rest of this analysis contains a general description of current law, the changes made to current law by 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, and some of the most significant changes recommended by the committee and incorporated into this bill. For further information, see the August 31, 1999, report of the criminal penalties study committee, which contains all of the committee's recommendations and the committee's explanation of and rationale for those recommendations.

Felony penalties

Current law provides various penalties for felonies, which are crimes punishable by imprisonment of more than one year. Virtually every felony created in the criminal code is put in one of six classes (Class A, B, BC, C, D or E) and each class has a specific maximum term of imprisonment and a maximum fine. Class A felonies are punishable by life imprisonment. For other classified felonies committed before December 31, 1999, the maximum terms of imprisonment are as follows: - See PDF for table

1997 Wisconsin Act 283 increased these maximum terms of imprisonment for felonies that are committed on or after December 31, 1999. The maximum terms of imprisonment for the classes of felonies under 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 are as follows: - See PDF for table

Except for Class A and Class B felonies, which are not punishable by a fine, each classified felony has a maximum fine of $10,000. 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 did not change the maximum fines for any of the classified felonies.

1997 Wisconsin Act 283 also increased the maximum terms of imprisonment for all unclassified felony offenses committed on or after December 31, 1999, in part to provide additional time to be used for the imposition of extended supervision under the new bifurcated sentencing law (see below, The structure of felony sentences, item 2). The terms of imprisonment were increased by 50% or one year, whichever was greater. Thus, under 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, a maximum term of imprisonment of one year was increased to two years of imprisonment, while a maximum term of imprisonment of five years was increased to seven years and six months. 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 did not change any maximum fine provided for any unclassified felony.

This bill makes the following changes to penalties for offenses committed on or after December 31, 1999:

1. New felony classes. The bill expands the number of felony classes from six to nine and, except for Class A and Class B felonies, creates new maximum terms of imprisonment and new maximum fines. The felony classes under the bill and their respective maximum terms of imprisonment and maximum fines are as follows: - See PDF for table

2. Classification of felonies. The bill places felony offenses that are classified under current law into the new felony classes, with the exception of a few classified felony offenses that are reduced to misdemeanor offenses. In addition, the bill places unclassified felony offenses into the new felony classes, with the exception of certain unclassified felony offenses that are reduced to misdemeanor offenses and offenses that are felonies only because of the application of a penalty enhancer.

As a general rule, the bill places a felony offense into a felony class based on the amount of time that a person who is given a maximum sentence for the offense under current law would serve in prison before being released on parole under the mandatory release law (see below, item 1 under The structure of felony sentences, item 1). However, in some cases a felony is placed in a higher or lower felony class than the one based on the current mandatory release date for a maximum sentence under current law. For those felony offenses that are reduced to misdemeanor offenses under the bill, the new penalty for the offense is a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment of not more than nine months or both.

3. Changes in property offenses. This bill changes penalties for certain crimes against property. Under current law, the penalties for certain crimes against property (such as theft, criminal damage to property, receiving stolen property, issuing worthless checks and various kinds of fraud) are based on the value of the property stolen, damaged or otherwise involved in the offense. Generally, the current threshold between misdemeanor and felony penalties for these crimes is $1,000. Thus, if the value of the property involved is $1,000 or less, the crime is a misdemeanor. If the value of the property involved is more than $1,000, the crime is a felony. This bill increases the threshold between misdemeanor and felony penalties to $2,000 for property crimes cases in which the penalty depends on the value of the property involved in the offense.

4. Felony murder. Under current law, a person commits felony murder if he or she causes the death of another while committing or attempting to commit certain felonies (such as sexual assault, arson or armed robbery). If a person commits felony murder, the maximum period of imprisonment for the felony the person committed or attempted to commit is increased by not more 20 years. This bill provides that the maximum period of imprisonment for the felony the person committed or attempted to commit is increased by not more 15 years.

5. Changes to the crime of carjacking. Under current law, a person is guilty of carjacking if he or she intentionally takes any vehicle without the consent of the owner while possessing a dangerous weapon and by using or threatening the use of force or the weapon against another. This bill classifies every carjacking offense as a Class C felony, including an offense resulting in a person's death (currently a Class A felony), and adds carjacking to the list of offenses subject to the felony murder statute (see item 4 above, Felony murder).

6. Increase in certain misdemeanor penalties. The bill increases penalties for a few misdemeanor offenses by classifying them as felony offenses. The misdemeanor offenses that are changed to felony offenses by the bill (and the classification into which the offense is placed) are as follows:

a) Stalking (Class I felony).

b) Criminal damage to railroad property (Class I felony).

c) Possession of a firearm in a school zone (Class I felony).

d) Discharge of a firearm in a school zone (Class G felony).

7. Elimination of certain minimum penalty provisions. Current law requires a court to impose a minimum sentence of imprisonment in certain cases. In other cases current law specifies a minimum sentence of imprisonment but also allows a court, in the exercise of its discretion, to impose a lesser sentence of imprisonment or no imprisonment at all. This bill eliminates both mandatory and presumptive minimum prison sentences for felony offenses, except for Class A felonies, which carry a mandatory sentence of life imprisonment (see below, Sentences of life imprisonment), and the persistent repeater penalty enhancers (often called the "three strikes, you're out" and "two strikes, you're out" laws), which require a sentence of life imprisonment without possibility of release. In addition, the bill does not change the minimum mandatory sentence of six months for fifth and subsequent offenses of operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated.

8. Elimination of mandatory consecutive sentences. Under current law, a court sentencing a person convicted of a crime generally may provide that any sentence imposed run concurrent with or consecutive to any other sentence imposed at the same time or any sentence imposed previously. However, a court must impose a consecutive sentence if the person was convicted of certain escape offenses, possession or discharge of a firearm in a school zone, using or possessing a handgun and armor-piercing bullet while committing another crime or violating conditions of lifetime supervision by committing another crime. This bill eliminates the requirement that consecutive sentences be imposed in these cases. The bill also imposes new requirements relating to bifurcated sentences and sentences imposed under current law that are ordered to run consecutively to each other (see below, The structure of felony sentences, item 3-C).

Penalty enhancers

Current law contains various penalty enhancers that allow the penalties for a crime to be increased if the crime is committed under certain circumstances. For instance, current law provides penalty enhancers for committing a crime using a dangerous weapon, committing a crime while wearing a bulletproof garment, committing a crime against a victim chosen because of his or her race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin or ancestry (the "hate crime" enhancer), committing certain violent crimes against an elder person and committing certain sex crimes while infected with a sexually transmitted disease. Current law also provides for penalty enhancers that may be triggered by the defendant's status at the time he or she committed the crime. For instance, current law provides a penalty enhancer for habitual criminals (persons who commit a crime after having been previously convicted of a crime) and for persons responsible for the welfare of a child who commit certain crimes against the child.

The bill retains the current penalty enhancers for: 1) habitual criminals; 2) using a dangerous weapon in the commission of a crime; 3) committing a violent crime in a school zone; 4) committing certain domestic abuse offenses within 72 hours after an arrest for a domestic abuse incident; 5) committing a "hate crime"; 6) distributing a controlled substance to a person under the age of 17; and 7) distributing a controlled substance within 1,000 feet of a school, park, correctional institution or certain other facilities. The remaining penalty enhancers contained in current law are eliminated and are instead included in a list of aggravating factors that must be considered by a court when sentencing a person.

In addition, under current law, if a person violates certain prohibitions relating to operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated and, at the time of the offense, a child under the age of 16 is in the vehicle, the penalties for the offense double. This bill retains this penalty enhancer for most of the offenses involving operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated, but the bill eliminates the enhancer for the crimes of homicide by intoxicated use of a vehicle and injury by intoxicated use of a vehicle.

The structure of felony sentences (other than life sentences)

1. The structure of prison sentences for felony offenses committed before December 31, 1999. If a person commits a felony before December 31, 1999, and is sentenced to prison, the person will usually have three possible ways of being released from prison on parole: discretionary parole granted by the parole commission (for which a person is usually eligible after serving 25% of the sentence or six months, whichever is greater); mandatory release on parole (usually granted automatically after the person serves two-thirds of the sentence); or special action parole release by the secretary of corrections (a program designed to relieve prison crowding). However, the person could be subject to more restrictive discretionary parole eligibility provisions or to restrictions on mandatory release under certain circumstances (for example, if the person has one or more prior convictions for certain serious felonies).

2. The structure of prison sentences for felony offenses committed on or after December 31, 1999. Under 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, if a court chooses to sentence a felony offender to a term of imprisonment in state prison for a felony committed on or after December 31, 1999, the court must do so by imposing a bifurcated sentence that includes a term of confinement in prison followed by a term of community supervision (called "extended supervision"). The offender is not eligible for parole. A bifurcated sentence imposed under 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 must be structured as follows:

A) The total length of the bifurcated sentence may not exceed the maximum term of imprisonment allowable for the felony.

B) The court must set the term of confinement in prison portion of the sentence to be at least one year but not more than 40 years for a Class B felony, 20 years for a Class BC felony, ten years for a Class C felony, five years for a Class D felony, or two years for a Class E felony. If the person is being sentenced to prison for a felony that is not in one of these classes, the term of confinement in prison portion of the sentence must be at least one year but not more than 75% of the total length of the bifurcated sentence.

C) The term of extended supervision must equal at least 25% of the length of the term of confinement in prison. For example, if a person is convicted of a Class B felony committed on or after December 31, 1999, and a judge sentences the person to the maximum allowable 40-year term of confinement in prison, the term of extended supervision would have to be at least ten years. There is no limit on the length of the term of extended supervision, other than the limit that results from the requirements that the term of confinement in prison portion of a bifurcated sentence be at least one year and that the total bifurcated sentence not exceed the maximum term of imprisonment specified by law for the crime.

During the term of extended supervision, the person is subject to supervision by the department of corrections (DOC) and is subject to conditions set by both the court and DOC. If a person violates a condition of extended supervision or a rule promulgated by DOC relating to extended supervision, the person's extended supervision may be revoked in an administrative proceeding and the person may be returned to serve a period of time in prison. The length of time for which the person is returned to prison is determined by an administrative law judge or, if the person waives a revocation hearing, by DOC.

3. The changes made by this bill. This bill makes the following changes relating to the imposition of bifurcated sentences:

A) Like 1997 Wisconsin Act 283 does for the current felony classes, the bill establishes maximum terms of confinement in prison for the new felony classes. Unlike 1997 Wisconsin Act 283, the bill also establishes a maximum amount of extended supervision that a court can impose for classified felonies. The maximum term of confinement in prison and the maximum term of extended supervision for each classified felony is as follows: - See PDF for table

B) Under the bill, when a court is imposing a bifurcated sentence it must consider any advisory sentencing guidelines for the offense adopted by the sentencing commission (see below, Sentencing commission) or, if the sentencing commission has not adopted guidelines for the offense, the temporary advisory guidelines adopted by the criminal penalties study committee in its report under 1997 Wisconsin Act 283. In addition, the bill requires the sentencing court to consider any applicable mitigating and aggravating circumstances. The bill includes a partial list of aggravating circumstances that a court must consider. The list incorporates the provisions of current penalty enhancers that are being eliminated by the bill (see above, Penalty enhancers).

C) Under the bill, when a court imposes a bifurcated sentence on a person who is also subject to a prison sentence for a crime committed before December 31, 1999 (a current law sentence), the court must specify all of the following: 1) whether the confinement in prison portion of the bifurcated sentence is to run concurrent with or consecutively to the imprisonment portion of the current law sentence; and 2) whether the period of parole under the current law sentence is to run concurrent with or consecutively to the term of extended supervision portion of the bifurcated sentence. The court must also make the same specifications when imposing a current law sentence on a person who is also subject to a bifurcated sentence.

D) The bill allows DOC to take custody of a person who is on extended supervision in order to investigate an alleged violation of a condition of extended supervision. The bill also provides that, if a person on extended supervision admits that the or she has violated a condition or rule of extended supervision, DOC may, as a sanction for the violation, confine the person for not more than 90 days in a DOC regional detention facility or, with the consent of the sheriff, in a county jail.

E) The bill changes the procedure for revoking extended supervision by requiring that a court determine how long to send a person back to prison after his or her extended supervision is revoked. Under the bill, DOC or the administrative law judge who made the revocation decision must make a recommendation to the court concerning the amount of time for which the person should be returned to prison. The court then reviews the recommendation and makes the final decision as to the amount of time for which the person is returned to prison.

F) The bill creates a procedure by which DOC or a person on extended supervision may petition a court to modify the conditions of extended supervision set by the court. The court may hold a hearing on a petition to modify extended supervision and may grant the petition if it determines that the requested modification would meet the needs of DOC and the public and would be consistent with the objectives of the person's bifurcated sentence.

G) The bill creates a procedure by which certain older prisoners who have been given a bifurcated sentence may petition the sentencing court for a modification of the terms of the sentence. The procedure is available to prisoners who are 65 years of age or older and have served at least five years of the term of confinement in prison portion of their bifurcated sentence and to prisoners who are 60 years of age or older and have served at least ten years of the term of confinement in prison portion of the bifurcated sentence.

Under the procedure, the prisoner files a petition with the prison's program review committee, which may then refer the petition to the sentencing court if it finds that the public interest would be served by a modification of the prisoner's bifurcated sentence. If a petition is referred to a sentencing court, the court must determine whether the public interest would be served by a modification of the prisoner's bifurcated sentence. The victim of the prisoner's crime has a right to provide a statement concerning the modification of the sentence.

If the court decides that the public interest would be served by such a modification, the court must modify the sentence by: 1) reducing the term of confinement in prison portion of the sentence to a number that provides for the release of the prisoner to extended supervision; and 2) increasing the term of extended supervision of the prisoner by the same number, so that the total length of the bifurcated sentence does not change.

H) The bill clarifies that, if a misdemeanor offender may be sentenced to prison because of the application of a sentence enhancer and the court decides to sentence the person to prison, the court must impose a bifurcated sentence. In sentencing a person to prison in such a case, the term of confinement in prison portion of the sentence may not constitute more than 75% of the total bifurcated sentence.