968.34(1)(1) Except as provided in this section, no person may install or use a pen register or a trap and trace device without first obtaining a court order under
s. 968.36 or
18 USC 3123 or
50 USC 1801 to
1811.
968.34(2)
(2) The prohibition of
sub. (1) does not apply with respect to the use of a pen register or a trap and trace device by a provider of electronic or wire communication service:
968.34(2)(a)
(a) Relating to the operation, maintenance and testing of a wire or electronic communication service or to the protection of the rights or property of the provider, or to the protection of users of that service from abuse of service or unlawful use of service;
968.34(2)(b)
(b) To record the fact that a wire or electronic communication was initiated or completed in order to protect the provider, another provider furnishing service toward the completion of the wire communication, or a user of that service, from fraudulent, unlawful or abusive use of service; or
968.34(2)(c)
(c) Where the consent of the user of that service has been obtained.
968.34(2m)
(2m) The prohibition of
sub. (1) does not apply to a telephone caller identification service authorized under
s. 196.207 (2).
968.34(3)
(3) Whoever knowingly violates
sub. (1) may be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than 9 months or both.
968.35
968.35
Application for an order for a pen register or a trap and trace device. 968.35(1)
(1) The attorney general or a district attorney may make application for an order or an extension of an order under
s. 968.36 authorizing or approving the installation and use of a pen register or a trap and trace device, in writing under oath or equivalent affirmation, to a circuit court for the county where the device is to be located.
968.35(2)
(2) An application under
sub. (1) shall include all of the following:
968.35(2)(a)
(a) The identity of the person making the application and the identity of the law enforcement agency conducting the investigation.
968.35(2)(b)
(b) A certification by the applicant that the information likely to be obtained is relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation being conducted by that agency.
968.35 History
History: 1987 a. 399.
968.36
968.36
Issuance of an order for a pen register or a trap and trace device. 968.36(1)(1) Upon an application made under
s. 968.35, the court shall enter an ex parte order authorizing the installation and use of a pen register or a trap and trace device within the jurisdiction of the court if the court finds that the applicant has certified to the court that the information likely to be obtained by the installation and use is relevant to an ongoing criminal investigation.
968.36(2)
(2) An order issued under this section shall do all of the following:
968.36(2)(a)
(a) Specify the identity, if known, of the person to whom is leased or in whose name is listed the telephone line to which the pen register or trap and trace device is to be attached.
968.36(2)(b)
(b) Specify the identity, if known, of the person who is the subject of the criminal investigation.
968.36(2)(c)
(c) Specify the number and, if known, the physical location of the telephone line to which the pen register or trap and trace device is to be attached and, in the case of a trap and trace device, the geographic limits of the trap and trace order.
968.36(2)(d)
(d) Provide a statement of the offense to which the information likely to be obtained by the pen register or trap and trace device relates.
968.36(2)(e)
(e) Direct, upon the request of the applicant, the furnishing of information, facilities and technical assistance necessary to accomplish the installation of the pen register or trap and trace device under
s. 968.37.
968.36(3)
(3) An order issued under this section shall authorize the installation and use of a pen register or a trap and trace device for a period not to exceed 60 days.
968.36(4)
(4) Extensions of the order may be granted, but only upon an application for an order under
s. 968.35 and upon the judicial finding required by
sub. (1). The period of extension shall be for a period not to exceed 60 days.
968.36(5)
(5) An order authorizing or approving the installation and use of a pen register or a trap and trace device shall direct that:
968.36(5)(a)
(a) The order be sealed until otherwise ordered by the court; and
968.36(5)(b)
(b) The person owning or leasing the line to which the pen register or a trap and trace device is attached, or who has been ordered by the court to provide assistance to the applicant, not disclose the existence of the pen register or trap and trace device or the existence of the investigation to the listed subscriber, or to any other person, unless or until otherwise ordered by the court.
968.36 History
History: 1987 a. 399.
968.37
968.37
Assistance in the installation and use of a pen register or trap and trace device. 968.37(1)
(1) Upon the request of the attorney general, a district attorney or an officer of a law enforcement agency authorized to install and use a pen register under
ss. 968.28 to
968.37, a provider of wire or electronic communication service, landlord, custodian or other person shall furnish the investigative or law enforcement officer forthwith all information, facilities and technical assistance necessary to accomplish the installation of the pen register unobtrusively and with a minimum of interference with the services that the person so ordered by the court accords the party with respect to whom the installation and use is to take place, if the assistance is directed by a court order under
s. 968.36 (5) (b).
968.37(2)
(2) Upon the request of the attorney general, a district attorney or an officer of a law enforcement agency authorized to receive the results of a trap and trace device under
ss. 968.28 to
968.37, a provider of a wire or electronic communication service, landlord, custodian or other person shall install the device forthwith on the appropriate line and shall furnish the investigative or law enforcement officer all additional information, facilities and technical assistance including installation and operation of the device unobtrusively and with a minimum of interference with the services that the person so ordered by the court accords the party with respect to whom the installation and use is to take place, if the installation and assistance is directed by a court order under
s. 968.36 (5) (b). Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the results of the trap and trace device shall be furnished to the officer of a law enforcement agency, designated by the court, at reasonable intervals during regular business hours for the duration of the order.
968.37(3)
(3) A provider of a wire or electronic communication service, landlord, custodian or other person who furnishes facilities or technical assistance under this section shall be reasonably compensated for the reasonable expenses incurred in providing the facilities and assistance.
968.37(4)
(4) No cause of action may lie in any court against any provider of a wire or electronic communication service, its officers, employees or agents or other specified persons for providing information, facilities or assistance in accordance with the terms of a court order under
s. 968.36.
968.37(5)
(5) A good faith reliance on a court order, a legislative authorization or a statutory authorization is a complete defense against any civil or criminal action brought under
ss. 968.28 to
968.37.
968.37 History
History: 1987 a. 399.
968.375
968.375
Subpoenas and warrants for records or communications of customers of an electronic communication service or remote computing service provider. 968.375(2)(2)
Jurisdiction. For purposes of this section, a person is considered to be doing business in this state and is subject to service and execution of process from this state, if the person makes a contract with or engages in a terms of service agreement with any other person, whether or not the other person is a resident of this state, and any part of the performance of the contract or provision of service takes place within this state on any occasion.
968.375(3)(a)(a) Upon the request of the attorney general or a district attorney and upon a showing of probable cause, a judge may issue a subpoena requiring a person who provides electronic communication service or remote computing service to disclose within a reasonable time that is established in the subpoena a record or other information pertaining to a subscriber or customer of the service, including any of the following relating to the subscriber or customer:
968.375(3)(a)3.
3. Local and long distance telephone connection records, or records of session times and durations.
968.375(3)(a)4.
4. Length of service, including start date, and types of service utilized.
968.375(3)(a)5.
5. Telephone or instrument number or other subscriber number or identity, including any temporarily assigned network address.
968.375(3)(a)6.
6. Means and source of payment for the electronic communication service or remote computing service, including any credit card or bank account number.
968.375(3)(b)
(b) A subpoena under this subsection may not require disclosure of the contents of communications.
968.375(4)
(4) Warrant. Upon the request of the attorney general or a district attorney and upon a showing of probable cause, a judge may issue a warrant requiring a person who provides electronic communication service or remote computing service to disclose within a reasonable time that is established in the warrant any of the following:
968.375(4)(a)
(a) The content of a wire or electronic communication that is in electronic storage in an electronic communications system or held or maintained by a provider of remote computing service.
968.375(5)
(5) Basis, application for, and issuance of subpoena or warrant. Section 968.12 (2) and
(3) applies to the basis and application for, and issuance of, a subpoena under
sub. (3) or a warrant under
sub. (4) as it applies to the basis and application for, and issuance of, a search warrant under
s. 968.12.
968.375(6)
(6) Manner of service. A subpoena or warrant issued under this section may be served in the manner provided for serving a summons under
s. 801.11 (5) or, if delivery can reasonably be proved, by United States mail, delivery service, telephone facsimile, or electronic transmission.
968.375(7)
(7) Time for service. A subpoena or warrant issued under this section shall be served not more than 5 days after the date of issuance.
968.375(9)
(9) Motion to quash. The person on whom a subpoena or warrant issued under this section is served may file a motion to quash the subpoena or warrant with the judge who issued the subpoena or warrant. If the person files the motion within the time for production of records or information, the judge shall hear and decide the motion within 8 days after the motion is filed.
968.375(10)
(10) Law enforcement presence not required. The presence of a law enforcement officer is not required for service or execution of a subpoena or warrant issued under this section.
968.375(11)
(11) Return. A subpoena or warrant issued under this section shall be returned to the court not later than 5 days after the records or information described in the subpoena or warrant are received by the attorney general, district attorney, or law enforcement agency, whichever is designated in the subpoena or warrant.
968.375(12)
(12) Secrecy. A subpoena or warrant issued under this section shall be issued with all practicable secrecy and the request, complaint, affidavit, or testimony upon which it is based may not be filed with the clerk or made public until the subpoena or warrant has been executed and returned to the court. The judge may issue an order sealing the subpoena or warrant and the request, complaint, affidavit, or testimony upon which it is based. The judge may issue an order prohibiting the person on whom the subpoena or warrant is served from disclosing the existence of the subpoena or warrant to the customer or subscriber unless the judge subsequently authorizes such disclosure.
968.375(13)
(13) Immunity. A person on whom a subpoena or warrant issued under this section is served is immune from civil liability for acts or omissions in providing records or information, facilities, or assistance in accordance with the terms of the subpoena or warrant.
968.375(14)
(14) Technical irregularities. Evidence disclosed under a subpoena or warrant issued under this section shall not be suppressed because of technical irregularities or errors not affecting the substantial rights of the defendant.
968.375(15)
(15) Disclosure without subpoena or warrant. A provider of electronic communication or remote computing service may disclose records or information described under
sub. (3) (a) of a customer or subscriber or the content of communications of a customer or subscriber described under
sub. (4) without a subpoena or warrant if any of the following applies:
968.375(15)(a)
(a) The customer or subscriber provides consent for the particular disclosure.
968.375(15)(b)
(b) The provider of electronic communication or remote computing service believes in good faith that an emergency involving the danger of death or serious physical injury to any person exists and that disclosure of the information is required to prevent the death or injury or to mitigate the injury.
968.375 History
History: 2009 a. 349.
968.38
968.38
Testing for HIV infection and certain diseases. 968.38(1)(a)
(a) "Health care professional" means a physician or a registered nurse or licensed practical nurse who is licensed under
ch. 441.
968.38(1)(b)
(b) "HIV" means any strain of human immunodeficiency virus, which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
968.38(2)
(2) In a criminal action under
s. 940.225,
948.02,
948.025,
948.05,
948.06,
948.085, or
948.095, if all of the following apply, the district attorney shall apply to the circuit court for his or her county to order the defendant to submit to an HIV test and to a test or a series of tests to detect the presence of a sexually transmitted disease, each of which tests shall be administered by a health care professional, and to disclose the results of the test or tests as specified in
sub. (4) (a) to
(c):
968.38(2)(a)
(a) The district attorney has probable cause to believe that the alleged victim or victim has had contact with body fluid of the defendant that constitutes a significant exposure. If the defendant is convicted or found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, this paragraph does not apply.
968.38(2)(b)
(b) The alleged victim or victim who is not a minor or the parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim who is a minor requests the district attorney to so apply for an order.
968.38(2m)
(2m) In a criminal action under
s. 946.43 (2m), the district attorney shall apply to the circuit court for his or her county for an order requiring the defendant to submit to a test or a series of tests administered by a health care professional to detect the presence of communicable diseases and to disclose the results of the test or tests as specified in
sub. (5) (a) to
(c), if all of the following apply:
968.38(2m)(a)
(a) The district attorney has probable cause to believe that the act or alleged act of the defendant that constitutes a violation of
s. 946.43 (2m) carried a potential for transmitting a communicable disease to the victim or alleged victim and involved the defendant's blood, semen, vomit, saliva, urine or feces or other bodily substance of the defendant.
968.38(2m)(b)
(b) The alleged victim or victim who is not a minor or the parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim who is a minor requests the district attorney to apply for an order.
968.38(3)
(3) The district attorney may apply under
sub. (2) or
(2m) for an order at any of the following times, and, within those times, shall do so as soon as possible so as to enable the court to provide timely notice:
968.38(3)(a)
(a) At or after the initial appearance and prior to the preliminary examination.
968.38(3)(b)
(b) If the defendant waives the preliminary examination, at any time after the court binds the defendant over for trial and before a verdict is rendered.
968.38(3)(c)
(c) At any time after the defendant is convicted or is found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect.
968.38(3)(d)
(d) If the court has determined that the defendant is not competent to proceed under
s. 971.14 (4) and suspended the criminal proceedings, at any time after the determination that the defendant is not competent to proceed.
968.38(4)
(4) The court shall set a time for a hearing on the matter under
sub. (2) during the preliminary examination, if
sub. (3) (a) applies; after the defendant is bound over for trial and before a verdict is rendered, if
sub. (3) (b) applies; after conviction or a finding of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, if
sub. (3) (c) applies; or, subject to
s. 971.13 (4), after the determination that the defendant is not competent, if
sub. (3) (d) applies. The court shall give the district attorney and the defendant notice of the hearing at least 72 hours prior to the hearing. The defendant may have counsel at the hearing, and counsel may examine and cross-examine witnesses. If the court finds probable cause to believe that the victim or alleged victim has had contact with body fluid of the defendant that constitutes a significant exposure, the court shall order the defendant to submit to an HIV test and to a test or a series of tests to detect the presence of a sexually transmitted disease. The tests shall be performed by a health care professional. The court shall require the health care professional who performs the test to disclose the test results to the defendant, to refrain from making the test results part of the defendant's permanent medical record, and to disclose the results of the test to any of the following:
968.38(4)(a)
(a) The alleged victim or victim, if the alleged victim or victim is not a minor.
968.38(4)(b)
(b) The parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim, if the alleged victim or victim is a minor.
968.38(4)(c)
(c) The health care professional who provides care to the alleged victim or victim, upon request by the alleged victim or victim or, if the alleged victim or victim is a minor, by the parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim.
968.38(5)
(5) The court shall set a time for a hearing on the matter under
sub. (2m) during the preliminary examination, if
sub. (3) (a) applies; after the defendant is bound over for trial and before a verdict is rendered, if
sub. (3) (b) applies; after conviction or a finding of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, if
sub. (3) (c) applies; or, subject to
s. 971.13 (4), after the determination that the defendant is not competent, if
sub. (3) (d) applies. The court shall give the district attorney and the defendant notice of the hearing at least 72 hours prior to the hearing. The defendant may have counsel at the hearing, and counsel may examine and cross-examine witnesses. If the court finds probable cause to believe that the act or alleged act of the defendant that constitutes a violation of
s. 946.43 (2m) carried a potential for transmitting a communicable disease to the victim or alleged victim and involved the defendant's blood, semen, vomit, saliva, urine or feces or other bodily substance of the defendant, the court shall order the defendant to submit to a test or a series of tests administered by a health care professional to detect the presence of any communicable disease that was potentially transmitted by the act or alleged act of the defendant. The court shall require the health care professional who performs the test to disclose the test results to the defendant. The court shall require the health care professional who performs the test to refrain from making the test results part of the defendant's permanent medical record and to disclose the results of the test to any of the following:
968.38(5)(a)
(a) The alleged victim or victim, if the alleged victim or victim is not a minor.
968.38(5)(b)
(b) The parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim, if the alleged victim or victim is a minor.
968.38(5)(c)
(c) The health care professional who provides care to the alleged victim or victim, upon request by the alleged victim or victim or, if the alleged victim or victim is a minor, by the parent or guardian of the alleged victim or victim.
