SB197: Bill Text

LRB-2520/2

JK:kjf:cph

2003 - 2004 LEGISLATURE

2003 Senate BILL 197

June 12, 2003 - Introduced by Senators Stepp, Kanavas, Panzer, Welch, Plale, Roessler, Brown, Kedzie, Leibham, Reynolds, A. Lasee, Zien, Darling, S. Fitzgerald, Lazich, Harsdorf and Wirch, cosponsored by Representatives Gard, Ladwig, Jensen, McCormick, Suder, Gunderson, J. Fitzgerald, Huebsch, Ziegelbauer, Gielow, Grothman, Nischke, Kreibich, Jeskewitz, M. Lehman, LeMahieu, Nass, Musser, Olsen and Albers. Referred to Committee on Economic Development, Job Creation and Housing.

SB197,1,9 An Act to renumber and amend 71.04 (4), 71.04 (8) (b), 71.25 (6), 71.25 (10) (b) and 71.45 (3) (b); to amend 71.04 (5) (intro.), 71.04 (6) (intro.), 71.04 (7) (d), 71.04 (8) (c), 71.04 (10), 71.25 (7) (intro.), 71.25 (8) (intro.), 71.25 (9) (d), 71.25 (10) (c), 71.25 (11), 71.45 (3) (intro.), 71.45 (3) (a) and 71.45 (3m); and to create 71.04 (4) (a), 71.04 (4) (b), 71.04 (4) (c), 71.04 (4) (d), 71.04 (4) (e), 71.04 (4) (f), 71.04 (4m), 71.25 (6) (a), 71.25 (6) (b), 71.25 (6) (c), 71.25 (6) (d), 71.25 (6) (e), 71.25 (6) (f), 71.25 (6m), 71.45 (3d) and 71.45 (3e) of the statutes; relating to: single sales factor apportionment of income for corporate income tax and franchise tax purposes and granting rule-making authority.

Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau

Under current law, when computing corporate income taxes and franchise taxes, a formula is used to attribute a portion of a corporation's income to this state. The formula has three factors: a sales factor, a property factor, and a payroll factor. The sales factor represents 50% of the formula and the property and payroll factors each represent 25% of the formula. When computing income taxes and franchise taxes for an insurance company, a formula with a premium factor and a payroll factor is used to attribute a portion of an insurance company's income to this state.

Under this bill, beginning on January 1, 2008, the sales factor will be the only factor used to attribute a portion of a corporation's income to this state. The property and payroll factors will be decreased, and eventually phased out, over four years as the sales factor is increased and becomes the only factor. Beginning on January 1, 2008, the premium factor will be the only factor used to attribute a portion of an insurance company's income to this state. The payroll factor will be decreased, and eventually phased out, over four years as the premium factor is increased and becomes the only factor.

Under current law, the income of an electric or gas utility is apportioned by rules established by the Department of Revenue (DOR). Under the bill, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, the income of an electric or gas utility is apportioned in the same manner as the income of a corporation under the bill. Beginning on January 1, 2008, the sales factor will be the only factor used to attribute a portion of the income of an electric or gas utility to this state.

Under current law, the income of a financial organization is apportioned, for corporate income tax and franchise tax purposes, by rules established by DOR. Under the bill, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, the income of a financial organization is apportioned by multiplying that income by a fraction that includes a sales factor representing more than 50% of the fraction, as determined by rule by DOR. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, the income of a financial organization is apportioned by using a sales factor, as determined by DOR.

Under current law and under the bill, the income of air carriers and pipeline companies is apportioned by rules established by DOR.

For further information see the state fiscal estimate, which will be printed as an appendix to this bill.

The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:

SB197, s. 1 Section 1. 71.04 (4) of the statutes is renumbered 71.04 (4) (intro.) and amended to read:

SB197,3,14 71.04 (4) Nonresident allocation and apportionment formula. (intro.) Nonresident individuals and nonresident estates and trusts engaged in business within and without the state shall be taxed only on such income as is derived from business transacted and property located within the state. The amount of such income attributable to Wisconsin may be determined by an allocation and separate accounting thereof, when the business of such nonresident individual or nonresident estate or trust within the state is not an integral part of a unitary business, but the department of revenue may permit an allocation and separate accounting in any case in which it is satisfied that the use of such method will properly reflect the income taxable by this state. In all cases in which allocation and separate accounting is not permissible, the determination shall be made in the following manner: for all businesses except air carriers, financial organizations, pipeline companies, public utilities, railroads, sleeping car companies and car line companies there shall first be deducted from the total net income of the taxpayer the part thereof (less related expenses, if any) that follows the situs of the property or the residence of the recipient. The remaining net income shall be apportioned to Wisconsin this state by use of an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor representing 50% of the fraction, a property factor representing 25% of the fraction and a payroll factor representing 25% of the fraction. the following:

SB197, s. 2 Section 2. 71.04 (4) (a) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,3,19 71.04 (4) (a) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2006, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (7) representing 50% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (5) representing 25% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (6) representing 25% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 3 Section 3. 71.04 (4) (b) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,3,25 71.04 (4) (b) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2007, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (7) representing 60% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (5) representing 20% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (6) representing 20% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 4 Section 4. 71.04 (4) (c) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,4,6 71.04 (4) (c) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, and before January 1, 2008, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (7) representing 80% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (5) representing 10% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (6) representing 10% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 5 Section 5. 71.04 (4) (d) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,4,10 71.04 (4) (d) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, an apportionment fraction composed of the sales factor under sub. (7).

SB197, s. 6 Section 6. 71.04 (4) (e) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,4,18 71.04 (4) (e) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, the apportionment fraction for the remaining net income of a financial organization shall include a sales factor that represents more than 50% of the apportionment fraction, as determined by rule by the department. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, the apportionment fraction for the remaining net income of a financial organization is composed of a sales factor, as determined by rule by the department.

SB197, s. 7 Section 7. 71.04 (4) (f) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,5,4 71.04 (4) (f) If a taxpayer who is subject to apportionment under this subsection has a net gain of 100 employees in this state in any taxable year beginning after the effective date of this paragraph .... [revisor inserts date], and before January 1, 2008, the taxpayer's remaining net income may, at the taxpayer's option, be apportioned to this state by an apportionment fraction composed of the sales factor under sub. (7) or, for a financial organization, under par. (e) beginning with the taxable year in which the employees are hired, except that if the taxpayer does not retain such employees in this state for at least 3 consecutive taxable years, the taxpayer shall apportion the taxpayer's remaining net income as provided under pars. (a) to (e), as appropriate.

SB197, s. 8 Section 8. 71.04 (4m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,5,10 71.04 (4m) Apportionment formula computation. (a) 1. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008, if both the numerator and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income are zero, the sales factor under sub. (7) is eliminated from the apportionment formula to determine the taxpayer's remaining net income under sub. (4).

SB197,5,14 2. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, if both the numerator and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income are zero, none of the taxpayer's remaining net income is apportioned to this state.

SB197,5,19 (b) 1. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008, if the numerator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a negative number and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a positive number, a negative number, or zero, the sales factor under sub. (7) is zero.

SB197,5,24 2. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, if the numerator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a negative number and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a positive number, a negative number, or zero, none of the taxpayer's remaining net income is apportioned to this state.

SB197,6,5 (c) 1. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008, if the numerator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a positive number and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is zero or a negative number, the sales factor under sub. (7) is one.

SB197,6,10 2. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, if the numerator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is a positive number and the denominator of the sales factor under sub. (7) related to a taxpayer's remaining net income is zero or a negative number, all of the taxpayer's remaining net income is apportioned to this state.

SB197, s. 9 Section 9. 71.04 (5) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB197,6,13 71.04 (5) Property factor. (intro.) For purposes of sub. (4) and for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008:

SB197, s. 10 Section 10. 71.04 (6) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB197,6,16 71.04 (6) Payroll factor. (intro.) For purposes of sub. (4) and for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2008:

SB197, s. 11 Section 11. 71.04 (7) (d) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB197,6,25 71.04 (7) (d) Sales, other than sales of tangible personal property, are in this state if the income-producing activity is performed in this state. If the income-producing activity is performed both in and outside this state the sales shall be divided between those states having jurisdiction to tax such business in proportion to the direct costs of performance incurred in each such state in rendering this service. Services performed in states which do not have jurisdiction to tax the business shall be deemed to have been performed in the state to which compensation is allocated by sub. s. 71.04 (6) , 2001 stats.

SB197, s. 12 Section 12. 71.04 (8) (b) of the statutes is renumbered 71.04 (8) (b) 1. and amended to read:

SB197,7,9 71.04 (8) (b) 1. "Public For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2006, "public utility", as used in this section, means any business entity described under subd. 2. and any business entity which owns or operates any plant, equipment, property, franchise, or license for the transmission of communications or the production, transmission, sale, delivery, or furnishing of electricity, water or steam, the rates of charges for goods or services of which have been established or approved by a federal, state or local government or governmental agency. " Public

SB197,7,15 2. In this section, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, "public utility" also means any business entity providing service to the public and engaged in the transportation of goods and persons for hire, as defined in s. 194.01 (4), regardless of whether or not the entity's rates or charges for services have been established or approved by a federal, state or local government or governmental agency.

SB197, s. 13 Section 13. 71.04 (8) (c) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB197,7,21 71.04 (8) (c) The net business income of railroads, sleeping car companies, car line companies, pipeline companies, financial organizations, air carriers, and public utilities requiring apportionment shall be apportioned pursuant to rules of the department of revenue, but the income taxed is limited to the income derived from business transacted and property located within the state.

SB197, s. 14 Section 14. 71.04 (10) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB197,8,8 71.04 (10) Department may waive factor. Where, in the case of any nonresident individual or nonresident estate or trust engaged in business within in and without the outside this state of Wisconsin and required to apportion its income as provided in this section, it shall be shown to the satisfaction of the department of revenue that the use of any one of the 3 factors provided under sub. (4) gives an unreasonable or inequitable final average ratio because of the fact that such nonresident individual or nonresident estate or trust does not employ, to any appreciable extent in its trade or business in producing the income taxed, the factors made use of in obtaining such ratio, this factor may, with the approval of the department of revenue, be omitted in obtaining the final average ratio which is to be applied to the remaining net income. This subsection does not apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007.

SB197, s. 15 Section 15. 71.25 (6) of the statutes is renumbered 71.25 (6) (intro.) and amended to read:

SB197,9,5 71.25 (6) Allocation and separate accounting and apportionment formula. (intro.) Corporations engaged in business within and without the state shall be taxed only on such income as is derived from business transacted and property located within the state. The amount of such income attributable to Wisconsin may be determined by an allocation and separate accounting thereof, when the business of such corporation within the state is not an integral part of a unitary business, but the department of revenue may permit an allocation and separate accounting in any case in which it is satisfied that the use of such method will properly reflect the income taxable by this state. In all cases in which allocation and separate accounting is not permissible, the determination shall be made in the following manner: for all businesses except air carriers, financial organizations, pipeline companies, public utilities, railroads, sleeping car companies, car line companies and corporations or associations that are subject to a tax on unrelated business income under s. 71.26 (1) (a) there shall first be deducted from the total net income of the taxpayer the part thereof (less related expenses, if any) that follows the situs of the property or the residence of the recipient. The remaining net income shall be apportioned to Wisconsin this state by use of an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (9) representing 50% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (7) representing 25% of the fraction and a payroll factor under sub. (8) representing 25% of the fraction. the following:

SB197, s. 16 Section 16. 71.25 (6) (a) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,9,10 71.25 (6) (a) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2006, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (9) representing 50% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (7) representing 25% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (8) representing 25% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 17 Section 17. 71.25 (6) (b) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,9,16 71.25 (6) (b) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2007, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (9) representing 60% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (7) representing 20% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (8) representing 20% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 18 Section 18. 71.25 (6) (c) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,9,22 71.25 (6) (c) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, and before January 1, 2008, an apportionment fraction composed of a sales factor under sub. (9) representing 80% of the fraction, a property factor under sub. (7) representing 10% of the fraction, and a payroll factor under sub. (8) representing 10% of the fraction.

SB197, s. 19 Section 19. 71.25 (6) (d) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,10,3 71.25 (6) (d) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, an apportionment fraction composed of the sales factor under sub. (9).

SB197, s. 20 Section 20. 71.25 (6) (e) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,10,11 71.25 (6) (e) Except as provided in par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, the apportionment fraction for the remaining net income of a financial organization shall include a sales factor that represents more than 50% of the apportionment fraction, as determined by rule by the department. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, the apportionment fraction for the remaining net income of a financial organization is composed of a sales factor, as determined by rule by the department.

SB197, s. 21 Section 21. 71.25 (6) (f) of the statutes is created to read:

SB197,10,22 71.25 (6) (f) If a taxpayer who is subject to apportionment under this subsection has a net gain of 100 employees in this state in any taxable year beginning after the effective date of this paragraph .... [revisor inserts date], and before January 1, 2008, the taxpayer's remaining net income may, at the taxpayer's option, be apportioned to this state by an apportionment fraction composed of the sales factor under sub. (9) or, for a financial organization, under par. (e) beginning with the taxable year in which the employees are hired, except that if the taxpayer does not retain such employees in this state for at least 3 consecutive taxable years, the taxpayer shall apportion the taxpayer's remaining net income as provided under pars. (a) to (e), as appropriate.

SB197, s. 22 Section 22. 71.25 (6m) of the statutes is created to read: