SB571,1,5
1An Act to amend 938.18 (1) (a) 1., 941.291 (1) (b), 946.82 (4), 949.03 (1) (b) and
2969.08 (10) (b); and
to create 218.05 (15), 895.81, 939.03 (1) (f) and (g), 939.32
3(2m), 941.38 (1) (b) 21. and subchapter IV of chapter 943 [precedes 943.80] of
4the statutes;
relating to: offenses against financial institutions, community
5currency exchanges, and providing penalties.
Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau
Crimes against financial institutions
The following are crimes under current law:
1. Theft: taking and carrying away, using, transferring, or concealing movable
property of another without the other's consent and with intent to deprive the owner
permanently of possession of the property. Theft ranges from a Class A misdemeanor
for theft of property valued at $2,500 or less to a Class G felony for theft of property
valued at $10,000 or more.
2. Theft by fraud: obtaining another's property by intentionally deceiving the
person with a false representation. The penalties are the same as for theft.
3. Robbery: taking property from another person or in the presence of another
person by use or threat of violence. Robbery is generally a Class E felony.
Under current law a person may be convicted of theft, fraud, or robbery of a
financial institution.
This bill creates a new subchapter of property crimes against financial
institutions. A financial institution is defined as a bank, a savings bank, a savings
and loan association, a trust company, or a credit union, or a company that controls,
is controlled by, or is under common control with a bank, a savings bank, a savings
and loan association, a trust company, or a credit union.
The crimes created in the bill are:
1. Theft against a financial institution: knowingly using, transferring,
concealing, or taking money, funds, or other property owned by or under the custody
or control of a financial institution without authorization from the financial
institution. Theft against a financial institution ranges from a Class A misdemeanor
for theft of property valued at $500 or less to a Class E felony for theft of property
valued at $100,000 or more.
2. Fraud against a financial institution: obtaining money or other property
owned by or under the custody or control of a financial institution by means of false
pretenses, representations, or promises; or falsely representing that one is a
financial institution to obtain money or other goods, or to obtain or record a person's
personal identifying information. (Class A misdemeanor to Class E felony.)
3. Loan fraud: knowingly overvaluing or making a false statement concerning
any land, security, or other property for the purpose of influencing a financial
institution to take any action in connection with a loan or loan application. (Class
A misdemeanor to Class E felony.)
4. Concealment of collateral: knowingly concealing, removing, disposing of, or
converting to one's own use any property mortgaged to, pledged to, or held by a
financial institution. (Class A misdemeanor to Class E felony.)
5. Bribery: conferring or offering to confer a benefit on an employee, agent, or
fiduciary of a financial institution without the consent of the financial institution
and with intent to influence the person's conduct in relation to the affairs of the
institution. The bribery provision also prohibits an employee, agent, or fiduciary of
a financial institution from agreeing to accept a benefit without the consent of the
institution in return for taking actions with respect to the institution's affairs. (Class
H felony.)
6. Extortion: threatening to injure an employee of a financial institution or to
cause damage to the institution's property for the purpose of obtaining money or
other property owned or under the custody or control of the financial institution.
(Class H felony.)
7. Robbery of a financial institution: taking property that is owned by or under
the custody or control of a financial institution from a person by use or threat of
violence. (Class C felony.)
8. Mail fraud and wire fraud: using a wire communications system, the U.S.
mail, or a commercial delivery service to further commission of any of the crimes
listed above or any other felony against a financial institution; or using the U.S. mail
or a commercial delivery service to distribute or conduct other activity related to
counterfeit currency, obligations, or securities. The bill also provides that the state
has jurisdiction to prosecute mail or wire fraud if mail or a wire transmission is sent
from this state, received in this state, or, in the case of wire fraud, if it is reasonably
foreseeable that the transmission will be accessed in this state. (Class H felony.)
9. Organizer of financial crimes: committing three or more financial crimes
within an 18-month period in concert with a person whom the actor supervises,
organizes, finances, or manages. A financial crime is any crime against a financial
institution created by this bill as well as any felony against a financial institution.
(Class E felony.)
The bill also provides that if a person commits three or more financial crimes,
as defined in item 9., against a financial institution in an 18-month period, the term
of imprisonment for the third or subsequent offense may be increased by two years
for a misdemeanor, four years for lesser felonies, and up to six years for more serious
felonies.
The bill provides that a financial institution may bring a civil action against a
person who commits a financial crime, as defined in item 9., to recover any
compensation the financial institution paid to a customer as a result of the crime as
well as any damages suffered by the financial institution as a result of the crime.
The penalties for the crimes mentioned above are as follows:
-
See PDF for table ![PDF](https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/assets/image/file_acrobat.gif)
Check cashing businesses
Under current law, a person, other than a financial institution or credit union,
that engages in the business of cashing checks and money orders must obtain a
community currency exchange license and must abide by certain rules, such as a
prohibition against acting as a depository for money. The bill provides a criminal
penalty (a fine not to exceed $2,000, imprisonment for not more than nine months,
or both) for violating the licensing or other requirements for community currency
exchanges.
Because this bill creates a new crime or revises a penalty for an existing crime,
the Joint Review Committee on Criminal Penalties may be requested to prepare a
report concerning the proposed penalty and the costs or savings that are likely to
result if the bill is enacted.
For further information see the state and local fiscal estimate, which will be
printed as an appendix to this bill.
The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do
enact as follows:
SB571, s. 1
1Section
1. 218.05 (15) of the statutes is created to read:
SB571,4,32
218.05
(15) A person who violates this section may be fined not more than
3$2,000 or imprisoned for not more than 9 months or both.
SB571, s. 2
4Section
2. 895.81 of the statutes is created to read:
SB571,4,10
5895.81 Indemnification of a financial institution. A financial institution,
6as defined in s. 943.80 (2), that compensates a customer for a pecuniary loss resulting
7from a financial crime, as defined in s. 943.80 (1), or assumes the loss, may bring a
8civil action against the person who committed the crime to recover the amount of the
9loss, any other damages incurred by the financial institution as a result of the crime,
10and the costs incurred to bring the action, including attorney's fees.
SB571, s. 3
11Section
3. 938.18 (1) (a) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:
SB571,4,1412
938.18
(1) (a) 1. If the juvenile is alleged to have violated s. 940.03, 940.06,
13940.225 (1) or (2), 940.305, 940.31, 943.10 (2), 943.32 (2)
, 943.87, or 961.41 (1) on or
14after the juvenile's 14th birthday.
SB571, s. 4
15Section
4. 939.03 (1) (f) and (g) of the statutes are created to read:
SB571,4,1716
939.03
(1) (f) The person violates s. 943.89 and the matter or thing is deposited
17for delivery within this state or is received or taken within this state.
SB571,4,2018
(g) The person violates s. 943.90 and the transmission is from within this state,
19the transmission is received within this state, or it is reasonably foreseeable that the
20transmission will be accessed by a person or machine within this state.
SB571, s. 5
21Section
5. 939.32 (2m) of the statutes is created to read:
SB571,4,2522
939.32
(2m) Misdemeanor crimes against financial institution. Whoever
23attempts to commit a crime under s. 943.81, 943.82 (1), 943.83, or 943.84 that is a
24Class A misdemeanor under s. 943.91 (1) is subject to the penalty for a Class B
25misdemeanor.
SB571, s. 6
1Section
6. 941.291 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:
SB571,5,102
941.291
(1) (b) "Violent felony" means any felony, or the solicitation, conspiracy,
3or attempt to commit any felony, under s. 943.23 (1m) or (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 940.01,
4940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10, 940.19, 940.195, 940.20,
5940.201, 940.203, 940.21, 940.225, 940.23, 940.285 (2), 940.29, 940.295 (3), 940.30,
6940.305, 940.31, 940.43 (1) to (3), 940.45 (1) to (3), 941.20, 941.26, 941.28, 941.29,
7941.30, 941.327, 943.01 (2) (c), 943.011, 943.013, 943.02, 943.04, 943.06, 943.10 (2),
8943.23 (1g), 943.32,
943.81, 943.82, 943.83, 943.84, 943.85, 943.86, 943.87, 943.88,
9943.89, 943.90, 946.43, 947.015, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05,
10948.06, 948.07, 948.08, or 948.30.
SB571, s. 7
11Section
7. 941.38 (1) (b) 21. of the statutes is created to read:
SB571,5,1312
941.38
(1) (b) 21. A crime under s. 943.81, 943.82, 943.83, 943.84, 943.85,
13943.86, 943.87, 943.88, 943.89, or 943.90.
SB571, s. 8
14Section
8. Subchapter IV of chapter 943 [precedes 943.80] of the statutes is
15created to read:
SB571,5,1917
Subchapter IV
18
Crimes against
19
financial institutions
SB571,5,20
20943.80 Definitions. In this subchapter:
SB571,5,23
21(1) "Financial crime" means a crime under ss. 943.81 to 943.90 or any other
22felony committed against a financial institution or an attempt or conspiracy to
23commit one of these crimes.
SB571,6,4
24(2) "Financial institution" means a bank, as defined in s. 214.01 (1) (c), a
25savings bank, as defined in s. 214.01 (1) (t), a savings and loan association, a trust
1company, or a credit union, as defined in s. 186.01 (2), whether chartered under the
2laws of this state, another state or territory, or under the laws of the United States,
3or a company that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with a bank,
4a savings bank, a savings and loan association, a trust company, or a credit union.
SB571,6,10
5943.81 Theft from a financial institution. Whoever knowingly uses,
6transfers, conceals, or takes possession of money, funds, credits, securities, assets,
7or property owned by or under the custody or control of a financial institution without
8authorization from the financial institution and with intent to convert it to his or her
9own use or to the use of any person other than the owner or financial institution may
10be penalized as provided in s. 943.91.
SB571,6,15
11943.82 Fraud against a financial institution. (1) Whoever obtains money,
12funds, credits, assets, securities, or other property owned by or under the custody or
13control of a financial institution by means of false pretenses, representations, or
14promises, or by use of any fraudulent device, scheme, artifice, or monetary
15instrument may be penalized as provided in s. 943.91.
SB571,6,20
16(2) Whoever falsely represents that he or she is a financial institution or a
17representative of a financial institution for the purpose of obtaining money, goods,
18or services from any person or for the purpose of obtaining or recording a person's
19personal identifying information, as defined in s. 943.201 (1) (b), is guilty of Class H
20felony.
SB571,6,25
21943.83 Loan fraud. Whoever with intent to defraud a financial institution
22knowingly overvalues or makes a false statement concerning any land, security, or
23other property for the purpose of influencing the financial institution to take or defer
24any action in connection with a loan or loan application may be penalized as provided
25in s. 943.91 according to the value of the loan.
SB571,7,4
1943.84 Concealment of collateral. Whoever with intent to defraud a
2financial institution knowingly conceals, removes, disposes of, or converts to his or
3her own use or to the use of another person, any property mortgaged to, pledged to,
4or held by the financial institution may be penalized as provided in s. 943.91.
SB571,7,9
5943.85 Bribery involving a financial institution. (1) Whoever confers,
6offers, or agrees to confer a benefit on an employee, agent, or fiduciary of a financial
7institution without the consent of the financial institution and with intent to
8influence the employee's, agent's, or fiduciary's conduct in relation to the affairs of
9the institution is guilty of a Class H felony.
SB571,7,14
10(2) Any employee, agent, or fiduciary of a financial institution who without the
11consent of the financial institution solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any benefit
12from another person pursuant to an agreement that the employee, agent, or fiduciary
13will act in a certain manner in relation to the affairs of the financial institution is
14guilty of a Class H felony.
SB571,7,20
15943.86 Extortion against a financial institution. Whoever for the purpose
16of obtaining money, funds, credits, securities, assets, or property owned by or under
17the custody or control of a financial institution threatens to cause bodily harm to an
18owner, employee, or agent of a financial institution or to cause damage to property
19owned by or under the custody or control of the financial institution is guilty of a
20Class H felony.
SB571,7,24
21943.87 Robbery of a financial institution. Whoever by use of force or threat
22to use imminent force takes from an individual or in the presence of an individual
23money or property that is owned by or under the custody or control of a financial
24institution is guilty of Class C felony.
SB571,8,3
1943.88 Organizer of financial crimes. Whoever commits 3 or more financial
2crimes within an 18-month period is guilty of a Class E felony if all of the following
3conditions apply:
SB571,8,6
4(1) Each of the crimes is committed in concert with a person whom the actor
5supervises, organizes, finances, or manages. The person need not be the same for
6each of the crimes.
SB571,8,8
7(2) At least one of the crimes is committed on or after the effective date of this
8subsection .... [revisor inserts date].
SB571,8,12
9943.89 Mail fraud. Whoever does any of the following to further commission
10of a financial crime or to sell, dispose of, loan, exchange, alter, give away, distribute,
11supply, furnish, or procure for an unlawful purpose any counterfeit currency,
12obligation, or security is guilty of a Class H felony:
SB571,8,14
13(1) Deposits or causes any matter to be deposited in a United States post office
14or authorized depository for United States mail.
SB571,8,16
15(2) Deposits or causes to be deposited any matter or thing to be sent or delivered
16by a commercial carrier.
SB571,8,18
17(3) Takes or receives any matter or a thing sent or delivered by United States
18mail or by a commercial carrier.
SB571,8,22
19943.90 Wire fraud against a financial institution. Whoever transmits or
20causes to be transmitted electrically, electromagnetically, or by light any signal,
21writing, image, sound, or data for the purpose of committing a financial crime is
22guilty of a Class H felony.
SB571,8,24
23943.91 Penalties. Whoever violates s. 943.81, 943.82 (1), 943.83, or 943.84 is
24guilty of the following:
SB571,9,2
1(1) If the value of the money, funds, credits, securities, assets, property, or loan
2does not exceed $500, a Class A misdemeanor.
SB571,9,6
3(2) If the value of the money, funds, credits, securities, assets, property, or loan
4does not exceed $500, and the person has previously been convicted of an
5misdemeanor or felony under s. 943.10, 943.12, 943.20 to 943.75, or 943.81 to 943.90,
6a Class I felony.
SB571,9,8
7(3) If the value of the money, funds, credits, securities, assets, property, or loan
8exceeds $500 but does not exceed $10,000, a Class H felony.
SB571,9,10
9(4) If the value of the money, funds, credits, securities, assets, property, or loan
10exceeds $10,000 but does not exceed $100,000, a Class G felony.
SB571,9,12
11(5) If the value of the money, funds, credits, securities, assets, property, or loan
12exceeds $100,000, a Class E felony.
SB571,9,16
13943.92 Increased penalty for multiple financial crimes. If a person is
14convicted of committing 3 or more financial crimes in an 18-month period, the term
15of imprisonment for the 3rd or subsequent crime in the 18-month period may be
16increased as follows:
SB571,9,18
17(1) A maximum term of imprisonment of one year or less may be increased to
18not more than 2 years.
SB571,9,22
19(2) A maximum term of imprisonment of more than one year but not more than
2010 years may be increased by not more than 2 years if the prior convictions were for
21misdemeanors and by not more than 4 years if at least one of the prior convictions
22was for a felony.
SB571,9,25
23(3) A maximum term of imprisonment of more than 10 years may be increased
24by not more than 2 years if the prior convictions were for misdemeanors and by not
25more than 6 years if at least one of the prior convictions was for a felony.
SB571, s. 9
1Section
9. 946.82 (4) of the statutes is amended to read:
SB571,10,162
946.82
(4) "Racketeering activity" means any activity specified in
18 USC 1961 3(1) in effect as of April 27, 1982, or the attempt, conspiracy to commit, or commission
4of any of the felonies specified in: chs. 945 and 961 and ss. 49.49, 134.05, 139.44 (1),
5180.0129, 181.0129, 185.825, 201.09 (2), 215.12, 221.0625, 221.0636, 221.0637,
6221.1004, 551.41, 551.42, 551.43, 551.44, 553.41 (3) and (4), 553.52 (2), 940.01,
7940.19 (4) to (6), 940.20, 940.201, 940.203, 940.21, 940.30, 940.305, 940.31, 941.20
8(2) and (3), 941.26, 941.28, 941.298, 941.31, 941.32, 942.09, 943.01 (2), (2d), or (2g),
9943.011, 943.012, 943.013, 943.02, 943.03, 943.04, 943.05, 943.06, 943.10, 943.20 (3)
10(bf) to (e), 943.201, 943.203, 943.23 (1g), (2) and (3), 943.24 (2), 943.25, 943.27,
11943.28, 943.30, 943.32, 943.34 (1) (bf), (bm), and (c), 943.38, 943.39, 943.40, 943.41
12(8) (b) and (c), 943.50 (4) (bf), (bm), and (c), 943.60, 943.70, 943.76,
943.81, 943.82,
13943.83, 943.84, 943.85, 943.86, 943.87, 943.88, 943.89, 943.90, 944.21 (5) (c) and (e),
14944.32, 944.33 (2), 944.34, 945.03 (1m), 945.04 (1m), 945.05 (1), 945.08, 946.10,
15946.11, 946.12, 946.13, 946.31, 946.32 (1), 946.48, 946.49, 946.61, 946.64, 946.65,
16946.72, 946.76, 946.79, 947.015, 948.05, 948.08, 948.12, and 948.30.
SB571, s. 10
17Section
10. 949.03 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:
SB571,10,2318
949.03
(1) (b) The commission or the attempt to commit any crime specified in
19s. 346.62 (4), 346.63 (2) or (6), 940.01, 940.02, 940.03, 940.05, 940.06, 940.07, 940.08,
20940.09, 940.10, 940.19, 940.20, 940.201, 940.21, 940.22 (2), 940.225, 940.23, 940.24,
21940.25, 940.285, 940.29, 940.30, 940.305, 940.31, 940.32, 941.327, 943.02, 943.03,
22943.04, 943.10, 943.20, 943.23 (1g), 943.32,
943.81, 943.86, 943.87, 948.02, 948.025,
23948.03, 948.04, 948.07, 948.095, 948.20, 948.30 or 948.51.
SB571, s. 11
24Section
11. 969.08 (10) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:
SB571,11,9
1969.08
(10) (b) "Serious crime" means any crime specified in s. 943.23 (1m),
21999 stats., or s. 943.23 (1r), 1999 stats., or s. 346.62 (4), 940.01, 940.02, 940.03,
3940.05, 940.06, 940.08, 940.09, 940.10, 940.19 (5), 940.195 (5), 940.20, 940.201,
4940.203, 940.21, 940.225 (1) to (3), 940.23, 940.24, 940.25, 940.29, 940.295 (3) (b) 1g.,
51m., 1r., 2. or 3., 940.31, 941.20 (2) or (3), 941.26, 941.30, 941.327, 943.01 (2) (c),
6943.011, 943.013, 943.02, 943.03, 943.04, 943.06, 943.10, 943.23 (1g), 943.30, 943.32,
7943.81, 943.82, 943.83, 943.84, 943.85, 943.86, 943.87, 943.88, 943.89, 943.90, 8946.01, 946.02, 946.43, 947.015, 948.02 (1) or (2), 948.025, 948.03, 948.04, 948.05,
9948.06, 948.07 or 948.30.
SB571,11,1211
(1) The treatment of section 895.81 of the statutes, as created by this act, first
12applies to crimes committed on the effective date of this subsection.