980.02(2)(a)1.
1. The person has been convicted of a sexually violent offense.
980.02(2)(a)2.
2. The person has been found delinquent for a sexually violent offense.
980.02(2)(a)3.
3. The person has been found not guilty of a sexually violent offense by reason of mental disease or defect.
980.02(2)(c)
(c) The person is dangerous to others because the person's mental disorder makes it likely that he or she will engage in acts of sexual violence.
980.02(3)
(3) A petition filed under this section shall state with particularity essential facts to establish probable cause to believe the person is a sexually violent person. If the petition alleges that a sexually violent offense or act that is a basis for the allegation under
sub. (2) (a) was an act that was sexually motivated as provided under
s. 980.01 (6) (b), the petition shall state the grounds on which the offense or act is alleged to be sexually motivated.
980.02(4)
(4) A petition under this section shall be filed in one of the following:
980.02(4)(a)
(a) The circuit court for the county in which the person was convicted of a sexually violent offense, adjudicated delinquent for a sexually violent offense or found not guilty of a sexually violent offense by reason of mental disease or defect.
980.02(4)(am)
(am) The circuit court for the county in which the person will reside or be placed upon his or her discharge from a sentence, release on parole or extended supervision, or release from imprisonment, from a juvenile correctional facility, as defined in
s. 938.02 (10p), from a secured residential care center for children and youth, as defined in
s. 938.02 (15g), or from a commitment order.
980.02(4)(b)
(b) The circuit court for the county in which the person is in custody under a sentence, a placement to a juvenile correctional facility, as defined in
s. 938.02 (10p), a secured residential care center for children and youth, as defined in
s. 938.02 (15g), or a commitment order.
980.02(5)
(5) Notwithstanding
sub. (4), if the department of justice decides to file a petition under
sub. (1) (a), it may file the petition in the circuit court for Dane County.
980.02(6)
(6) A court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under
chs. 48 and
938 does not have jurisdiction over a petition filed under this section alleging that a person who was adjudicated delinquent as a child is a sexually violent person.
980.02 Annotation
A ch. 980 commitment is not an extension of a commitment under ch. 975, and s. 975.12 does not limit the state's ability to seek a separate commitment under ch. 980 of a person originally committed under ch. 975. State v. Post,
197 Wis. 2d 279,
541 N.W.2d 115 (1995),
94-2356.
980.02 Annotation
As used in this chapter, "substantial probability" and "substantially probable" both mean much more likely than not. This standard for dangerousness does not violate equal protection nor is the term unconstitutionally vague. State v. Curiel,
227 Wis. 2d 389,
597 N.W.2d 697 (1999),
97-1337.
980.02 Annotation
In deciding whether there is a substantial probability that the subject will commit future acts of sexual violence, the trier of fact is free to weigh expert testimony that conflicts and decide which is more reliable, to accept or reject an expert's testimony, including accepting only parts of the testimony, and to consider all non-expert testimony. State v. Kienitz,
227 Wis. 2d 423,
597 N.W.2d 712 (1999),
97-1460.
980.02 Annotation
To the extent that s. 938.35 (1) prohibits the admission of delinquency adjudications in ch. 980 proceedings, it is repealed by implication. State v. Matthew A.B.
231 Wis. 2d 688,
605 N.W.2d 598 (Ct. App. 1999),
98-0229.
980.02 Annotation
In a trial on a petition filed under sub. (2), the state has the burden to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the petition was filed within 90 days of the subject's release or discharge based on a sexually violent offense. State v. Thiel, 2000 WI 67,
235 Wis. 2d 823,
612 N.W.2d 94,
99-0316. See also State v. Thiel, 2001 WI App 52,
241 Wis. 2d 439,
625 N.W.2d 321,
99-0316.
980.02 Annotation
While a commitment under ch. 980 is civil, a court does not lose subject matter jurisdiction because a petition is filed under a criminal case number. State v. Pharm, 2000 WI App 167,
238 Wis. 2d 97,
617 N.W.2d 163,
98-1542.
980.02 Annotation
Chapter 980 provides its own procedures for commencing actions, and, as such, chs. 801 and 802 are inapplicable to the commencement of ch. 980 actions. State v. Wolfe, 2001 WI App 136,
246 Wis. 2d 233,
631 N.W.2d 240,
99-2145.
980.02 Annotation
When a ch. 980 petition was filed within 90 days of release from a sentence for an offense that was not a sexually violent offense, which was being served concurrently with a shorter sentence imposed for a sexually violent offense, the petition was timely. State v. Treadway, 2002 WI App 195, 257 Wis. 2d. 467,
651 N.W.2d 334,
00-2957.
980.02 Annotation
The state was not precluded from seeking a ch. 980 commitment following the defendant's parole revocation, even though the state had failed to prove that the defendant was a sexually violent person in need of commitment in a previous ch. 980 trial that took place prior to the defendant's parole. State v. Parrish, 2002 WI App 263,
258 Wis. 2d 521,
654 N.W.2d 273,
00-2524.
980.02 Annotation
The circuit court had jurisdiction to conduct ch. 980 proceedings involving an enrolled tribal member who committed the underlying sexual offense on an Indian reservation. State v. Burgess, 2003 WI 71,
262 Wis. 2d 354,
665 N.W.2d 124,
00-3074. See also Burgess v. Watters,
467 F. 3d 676 (2007).
980.02 Annotation
Under sub. (1), a request from the agency with jurisdiction and a subsequent decision by the department of justice not to file are prerequisites to a district attorney's authority to file a ch. 980 petition. State v. Byers, 2003 WI 86,
263 Wis. 2d 113,
665 N.W.2d 729.
980.02 Annotation
The threshold decision of whether a petition should be filed remains in the hands of the agency with jurisdiction and outside of the political process. A district attorney may contact the agency to seek clarification of the ch. 980 evaluator's determination, to correct factual mistakes, to provide new or additional information, or to ask for a second opinion with a different evaluator. However, the agency can independently exercise its judgment and choose to ignore the district attorney's efforts or to decline the district attorney's request for a second evaluation if the agency determines that these efforts and requests are improperly politically motivated. State v. Bell, 2006 WI App 30,
289 Wis. 2d 275,
710 N.W.2d 525,
05-0890.
980.02 Annotation
That the ch 980 definition of "dangerousness" lacks a temporal context limited to imminent danger. does not render the statute unconstitutional. State v. Olson, 2006 WI App 32,
290 Wis. 2d 202,
712 N.W.2d 61,
04-0412 980.03
980.03
Rights of persons subject to petition. 980.03(1)
(1) The circuit court in which a petition under
s. 980.02 is filed shall conduct all hearings under this chapter. The court shall give the person who is the subject of the petition reasonable notice of the time and place of each such hearing. The court may designate additional persons to receive these notices.
980.03(2)
(2) Except as provided in
ss. 980.038 (2) and
980.09 and without limitation by enumeration, at any hearing under this chapter, the person who is the subject of the petition has the right to:
980.03(2)(a)
(a) Counsel. If the person claims or appears to be indigent, the court shall refer the person to the authority for indigency determinations under
s. 977.07 (1) and, if applicable, the appointment of counsel.
980.03(2)(d)
(d) Have the hearing recorded by a court reporter.
980.03(3)
(3) The person who is the subject of the petition, the person's attorney, or the petitioner may request that a trial under
s. 980.05 be to a jury. A request for a jury trial shall be made as provided under
s. 980.05 (2). Notwithstanding
s. 980.05 (2), if the person, the person's attorney, or the petitioner does not request a jury trial, the court may on its own motion require that the trial be to a jury. The jury shall be selected as provided under
s. 980.05 (2m). A verdict of a jury under this chapter is not valid unless it is unanimous.
980.03 Annotation
There are circumstances when comment on the defendant's silence is permitted. If a defendant refuses to be interviewed by the state's psychologist and the defense attorney challenges the psychologist's findings based on the lack of an interview, it is appropriate for the psychologist to testify about the refusal. State v. Adams,
223 Wis. 2d 60,
588 N.W.2d 336 (Ct. App. 1998),
96-3136.
980.03 Annotation
If all jurors agree that the defendant suffers from a mental disease, unanimity requirements are met even if the jurors disagree on the disease that predisposes the defendant to reoffend. State v. Pletz, 2000 WI App 221,
239 Wis. 2d 49,
619 N.W.2d 97,
98-2455.
980.03 Annotation
Chapter 980 provides its own procedures for commencing actions, and, as such, chs. 801 and 802 are inapplicable to the commencement of ch. 980 actions. State v. Wolfe, 2001 WI App 136,
246 Wis. 2d 233,
631 N.W.2d 240,
99-2145.
980.03 Annotation
The circuit court must appoint an examiner for the court under sub. (3) regardless of whether the court also appointed an examiner for the petitioner under sub. (4). An indigent party petitioning for supervised release is not entitled under sub. (4) to an examiner of his or her choice, but is entitled to a "qualified and available" court-appointed examiner. Requirements for a qualified examiner are discussed. State v. Thiel, 2004 WI App 225,
277 Wis. 2d 698,
691 N.W.2d 388,
03-2649 980.031(1)(1) If a person who is the subject of a petition filed under
s. 980.02 denies the facts alleged in the petition, the court may appoint at least one qualified licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional to conduct an examination of the person's mental condition and testify at trial.
980.031(2)
(2) The state may retain a licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional to examine the mental condition of a person who is the subject of a petition under
s. 980.02 or who has been committed under
s. 980.06 and to testify at trial or at any other proceeding under this chapter at which testimony is authorized.
980.031(3)
(3) Whenever a person who is the subject of a petition filed under
s. 980.02 or who has been committed under
s. 980.06 is required to submit to an examination of his or her mental condition under this chapter, he or she may retain a licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional to perform an examination. If the person is indigent, the court shall, upon the person's request, appoint a qualified and available licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional to perform an examination of the person's mental condition and participate on the person's behalf in a trial or other proceeding under this chapter at which testimony is authorized. Upon the order of the circuit court, the county shall pay, as part of the costs of the action, the costs of a licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional appointed by a court under this subsection to perform an examination and participate in the trial or other proceeding on behalf of an indigent person.
980.031(4)
(4) If a party retains or the court appoints a licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional to conduct an examination under this chapter of the person's mental condition, the examiner shall have reasonable access to the person for the purpose of the examination, as well as to the person's past and present treatment records, as defined in
s. 51.30 (1) (b), and patient health care records as provided under
s. 146.82 (2) (cm), past and present juvenile records, as provided under
ss. 48.396 (6),
48.78 (2) (e),
938.396 (10), and
938.78 (2) (e), and the person's past and present correctional records, including presentence investigation reports under
s. 972.15 (6).
980.031(5)
(5) A licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional who is expected to be called as a witness by one of the parties or by the court may not be subject to any order by the court for the sequestration of witnesses at any proceeding under this chapter. No licensed physician, licensed psychologist, or other mental health professional who is expected to be called as a witness by one of the parties or by the court may testify at any proceeding under this chapter unless a written report of his or her examination has been submitted to the court and to both parties at least 10 days before the proceeding.
980.031 History
History: 2005 a. 434 ss.
88,
90,
91.
980.034
980.034
Change of place of trial or jury from another county. 980.034(1)(1) A person who is the subject of a petition filed under
s. 980.02 or who has been committed under this chapter may move to change the place of a jury trial under
s. 980.05 on the ground that an impartial trial cannot be had in the county in which the trial is set to be held. The motion shall be made within 20 days after the completion or waiver of the probable cause hearing under
s. 980.04 (2), whichever is applicable, except that it may be made after that time for cause.
980.034(2)
(2) The motion shall be in writing and supported by affidavit which shall state evidentiary facts showing the nature of the prejudice alleged. The petitioner may file counter affidavits.
980.034(3)
(3) If the court determines that there exists in the county where the action is pending such prejudice that a fair trial cannot be had, it shall, except as provided in
sub. (4), order that the trial be held in any county where an impartial trial can be had. Only one change may be granted under this subsection. The judge who orders the change in the place of trial shall preside at the trial. Preliminary matters before trial may be conducted in either county at the discretion of the court.
980.034(4)(a)(a) Instead of changing the place of trial under
sub. (3), the court may require the selection of a jury under
par. (b) if all of the following apply:
980.034(4)(a)3.
3. The estimated cost to the county of using the procedure under this subsection is less than the estimated cost to the county of holding the trial in another county.
980.034(4)(b)
(b) A court that proceeds under this subsection shall follow the procedure under
sub. (3) until the jury is chosen in the 2nd county. At that time, the proceedings shall return to the original county using the jurors selected in the 2nd county. The original county shall reimburse the 2nd county for all applicable costs under
s. 814.22.
980.034 History
History: 2005 a. 434.
980.036
980.036
Discovery and inspection. 980.036(1)(a)
(a) "Person subject to this chapter" means a person who is subject to a petition filed under
s. 980.02 or a person who has been committed under
s. 980.06.
980.036(1)(b)
(b) "Prosecuting attorney" means an attorney representing the state in a proceeding under this chapter.
980.036(2)
(2) What a prosecuting attorney must disclose to a person subject to this chapter. Upon demand, a prosecuting attorney shall disclose to a person subject to this chapter or his or her attorney, and permit the person subject to this chapter or his or her attorney to inspect and copy or photograph, all of the following materials and information, if the material or information is within the possession, custody, or control of the state:
980.036(2)(a)
(a) Any written or recorded statement made by the person subject to this chapter concerning the allegations in the petition filed under
s. 980.02 or concerning other matters at issue in the trial or proceeding and the names of witnesses to the written statements of the person subject to this chapter.
980.036(2)(b)
(b) A written summary of all oral statements of the person subject to this chapter that the prosecuting attorney plans to use at the trial or proceeding and the names of witnesses to the oral statements of the person subject to this chapter.
980.036(2)(c)
(c) Evidence obtained in the manner described under
s. 968.31 (2) (b), if the prosecuting attorney intends to use the evidence at the trial or proceeding.
980.036(2)(d)
(d) A copy of the criminal record of the person subject to this chapter.
980.036(2)(e)
(e) A list of all witnesses whom the prosecuting attorney intends to call at the trial or proceeding, together with their addresses. This paragraph does not apply to rebuttal witnesses or witnesses called for impeachment only.
980.036(2)(f)
(f) Any relevant written or recorded statements of a witness listed under
par. (e), including all of the following:
980.036(2)(g)
(g) The criminal record of a witness listed under
par. (e) that is known to the prosecuting attorney.
980.036(2)(h)
(h) The results of any physical or mental examination or any scientific or psychological test, instrument, experiment, or comparison that the prosecuting attorney intends to offer in evidence at the trial or proceeding, and any raw data that were collected, used, or considered in any manner as part of the examination, test, instrument, experiment, or comparison.
980.036(2)(i)
(i) Any physical or documentary evidence that the prosecuting attorney intends to offer in evidence at the trial or proceeding.
980.036(3)
(3) What a person subject to this chapter must disclose to the prosecuting attorney. Upon demand, a person who is subject to this chapter or his or her attorney shall disclose to the prosecuting attorney, and permit the prosecuting attorney to inspect and copy or photograph, all of the following materials and information, if the material or information is within the possession, custody, or control of the person who is subject to this chapter or his or her attorney:
980.036(3)(a)
(a) A list of all witnesses, other than the person who is subject to this chapter, whom the person who is subject to this chapter intends to call at the trial or proceeding, together with their addresses. This paragraph does not apply to rebuttal witnesses or witnesses called for impeachment only.
980.036(3)(b)
(b) Any relevant written or recorded statements of a witness listed under
par. (a), including any reports prepared in accordance with
s. 980.031 (5).
980.036(3)(c)
(c) The criminal record of a witness listed under
par. (a) if the criminal record is known to the attorney for the person who is subject to this chapter.
980.036(3)(d)
(d) The results of any physical or mental examination or any scientific or psychological test, instrument, experiment, or comparison that the person who is subject to this chapter intends to offer in evidence at the trial or proceeding, and any raw data that were collected, used, or considered in any manner as part of the examination, test, instrument, experiment, or comparison.
980.036(3)(e)
(e) Any physical or documentary evidence that the person who is subject to this chapter intends to offer in evidence at the trial or proceeding.
980.036(3m)
(3m) When disclosure must be made. A party required to make a disclosure under this section shall do so within a reasonable time after the probable cause hearing and within a reasonable time before a trial under
s. 980.05, if the other party's demand is made in connection with a trial. If the demand is made in connection with a proceeding under
s. 980.08 or
980.09 (3), the party shall make the disclosure within a reasonable time before the start of that proceeding.
980.036(4)
(4) Comment or instruction on failure to call witness. No comment or instruction regarding the failure to call a witness at the trial may be made or given if the sole basis for the comment or instruction is the fact that the name of the witness appears upon a list furnished under this section.
980.036(5)
(5) Testing or analysis of evidence. On motion of a party, the court may order the production of any item of evidence or raw data that is intended to be introduced at the trial for testing or analysis under such terms and conditions as the court prescribes.
980.036(6)
(6) Protective order. Upon motion of a party, the court may at any time order that discovery, inspection, or the listing of witnesses required under this section be denied, restricted, or deferred, or make other appropriate orders. If the prosecuting attorney or the attorney for a person subject to this chapter certifies that listing a witness under
sub. (2) (e) or
(3) (a) may subject the witness or others to physical or economic harm or coercion, the court may order that the deposition of the witness be taken under
s. 967.04 (2) to
(6). The name of the witness need not be divulged prior to the taking of such deposition. If the witness becomes unavailable or changes his or her testimony, the deposition shall be admissible at trial as substantive evidence.
980.036(7)
(7) In camera proceedings. Either party may move for an in camera inspection of any document required to be disclosed under
sub. (2) or
(3) for the purpose of masking or deleting any material that is not relevant to the case being tried. The court shall mask or delete any irrelevant material.
980.036(8)
(8) Continuing duty to disclose. If, after complying with a requirement of this section, and before or during trial, a party discovers additional material or the names of additional witnesses requested that are subject to discovery, inspection, or production under this section, the party shall promptly notify the other party of the existence of the additional material or names.
980.036(9)(a)(a) The court shall exclude any witness not listed or evidence not presented for inspection, copying, or photographing required by this section, unless good cause is shown for failure to comply. The court may in appropriate cases grant the opposing party a recess or a continuance.
980.036(9)(b)
(b) In addition to or in place of any sanction specified in
par. (a), a court may, subject to
sub. (4), advise the jury of any failure or refusal to disclose material or information required to be disclosed under
sub. (2) or
(3), or of any untimely disclosure of material or information required to be disclosed under
sub. (2) or
(3).
