NR 809.325 (3) (b) A water supplier for a wholesale groundwater system that receives notice from a water supplier for a consecutive system served by the wholesale system that a sample collected under s. NR 809.31(2) was total coliform-positive shall, no later than 24 hours after being notified, collect samples from its groundwater sources under sub. (2)(b) and analyze them for E. coliE. coli under s. NR 809.323(1)(b) Table G. The department may extend the 24-hour time limit on a case-by-case basis if the public water system cannot collect the groundwater source water sample within the 24-hour time limit due to circumstances beyond the water supplier’s control. In the case of an extension, the department shall specify, in writing, how much time the water supplier has to collect the sample. NR 809.35 (3) (c) If the sample collected under par. (b) is E. coliE. coli-positive, the water supplier for the wholesale groundwater system shall notify all water suppliers for the consecutive systems served by that groundwater source no later than 24 hours after being notified of the groundwater source sample monitoring result and shall meet the requirements of sub. (2)d(e) unless the department requires immediate corrective action under s. NR 809.327(2)(b). SECTION 78.
NR 809.325 (4)(a) is renumbered NR 809.325 (4) and as renumbered is amended to read:NR 809.325 (4) Exception to the Triggered Source Water Monitoring Requirements. A water supplier for a groundwater system is not required to comply with the triggered source water monitoring requirements of sub. (2) if the department determines, and documents in writing, that the total coliform-positive sample collected under s. NR 809.31(2) 809.31 (1) was caused by a distribution system deficiency. SECTION 79.
NR 809.327 (1) (a) and (c)(intro.), NR 809.327 (3) (a) 2, NR 809.327 (4) (a) 3, and NR 809.327 (6) are amended to read: NR 809.327 (1) (a) No later than 30 days after receiving written notice from the department water suppliers for groundwater systems with significant deficiencies or of significant deficiencies, or notified by a laboratory of source water fecal contamination, water suppliers for groundwater systems shall consult with the department regarding appropriate corrective action, unless the department directs the water supplier to implement a specific corrective action.
NR 809.327 (1) (c) No later than 120 days after receiving written notification from the department of a significant deficiency, or notified by a laboratory of confirmed source water fecal contamination, the water supplier for a groundwater system shall have one of the following:
NR 809.327 (3) (a) 2. The notification from the water supplier to the department shall includesinclude a submittal for review that includes the engineering and operational information that the department will need to evaluate the adequacy of the treatment.
NR 809.327 (4) (a) 3. Water suppliers for non-community systems serving 3,300 or fewer people, unless otherwise required by the department under ch. NR 812s. NR 812.37, shall monitor the residual disinfectant concentration using analytical methods and requirements specified in s. NR 809.563 at a location approved by the department and record the residual disinfection concentration once each day that water from the groundwater source is served to the public. NR 809.327 (6) Failure to meet monitoring requirements. If a water supplier fails to meet any of the monitoring requirements of sub. (4), the public water system is in violation and the water supplier shall complete public notification requirements under s. NR 809.952 809.953. SECTION 80.
NR 809.328 (1) (b) (intro) is amended to read: NR 809.328 (1) (b) Unless the department invalidates an E. coliE. coli-positive groundwater source sample collected under s. NR 809.325, a public water system is in violation of the treatment technique requirement under s. NR 809.327 if within 120 days or earlier if directed by the department, the conditions of subd. 1. or 2 are not met.
SECTION 81.
NR 809.329 (2) (c), (d), and (e) (intro) are amended to read: NR 809.329 (2) (c) Records of decisions under s. NR 809.325(4) and records of invalidation of an E. coliE. coli-positive groundwater source sample under s. NR 809.323(2). Documentation shall be kept for a period of not less than five years. NR 809.329 (2) (d) For consecutive systems, documentation of notification to its wholesale systems of total-coliform positive samples that are not invalidated under s. NR 809.325(3)809.31 (3). Documentation shall be kept for a period of not less than five years. NR 809.329 (2) (e) For public water systems, including wholesale systems, which are required to perform compliance monitoring under s. NR 809.327(3)809.327 (4) all of the following apply:
SECTION 82.
NR 809.33 (4) is amended to read: NR 809.33 (4) Surface water treatment technique violations. Surface water and GWUDI public water systems are in violation of the treatment technique requirements for turbididtyturbidity if any of the requirements of s. NR 810.29(1) to (4) are not met. SECTION 83.
NR 809.334 (1) is amended to read: NR 809.334 Analytical methods for surface water source water monitoring. (1) Cryptosporidium. Water suppliers shall analyze for Cryptosporidium using Method 1623: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2005, United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA–815-R–05–002 or Method 1622: Cryptosporidium in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2005, United States Environmental Protection Agency, EPA–815–R–05–001, which are incorporated by reference. The Director of the Federal Register approved incorporation by reference of these documents in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. The water supplier may obtain a copy of these methods online from http://www.epa.gov/safewater/disinfection/lt2 or from the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water, 1201 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460, Telephone: 800–426–4791. The water supplier may inspect a copy at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC, Telephone: 202–566–2426 or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Water suppliers may also use EPA Method 1623.1: Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA, 2012. EPA-816-R-12-001. (Available at http://water.epa.gov/drink.) SECTION 84.
NR 809.334 (2) is amended to read:NR 809.334 (2) E. coliE. coli. Water suppliers shall use methods for enumeration of E. coliE. coli in source water listed in Table I.
SECTION 85.
NR 809.334 (2) Table I is repealed and recreated to read: Table I
E. coli Analytical Methods
Organism | Methodology | Method | SM 20th
Edition1 | SM 21st Edition2 | SM 22nd
Edition3 | SM Online4 | Other |
E. coli | Enzyme Substrate Methods | Colilert® | 9223 B 5 | 9223 B 5 | 9223 B | 9223 B-97 5, 6 | |
| | Colilert-18 | 9223 B | 9223 B | 9223 B | 9223 B-97 | |
| | ONPG-MUG Test | 9223 B | 9223 B | 9223 B | 9223 B-97 | |
| Escherichia coli Procedure (following Lactose Fermentation Methods) | EC-MUG medium | 9221 F, 9221 F.1 | 9221 F.1 | 9221 F.1 | | |
Enterococci | | Multiple-Tube Technique | 9230B | | | 9230 B-04 | |
| | Membrane Filter Technique | 9230C | | | | EPA Method 16008 |
Coliphage | | Two-Step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure | | | | | Fast Phage 10 EPA Method 1601.11 |
| | Single Agar Layer Procedure | | | | | EPA Method 1602.12 |
1Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
2Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
3Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
4Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used. 5 Multiple-tube and multi-well enumerative formats for this method are approved for use in presence-absence determination under this regulation.
6 Colisure® results may be read after an incubation time of 24 hours.
7EC-MUG (Method 9221F) or NA-MUG (Method 9222G) can be used for E. coli testing step as described in §141.21(f)(6)(i) or (ii) after use of Standard Methods 9221 B, 9221 D, 9222 B, or 9222 C. 8EPA Method 1600: Enterococci in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Enterococcus Indoxyl-β-D-Glucoside Agar (mEI) EPA 821-R-02-022 (September 2002) is an approved variation of Standard Method 9230C. The method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1600sp02.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460. The holding time and temperature for ground water samples are specified in footnote 1 above, rather than as specified in Section 8 of EPA Method 1600. 9Medium is available through IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One IDEXX Drive, Westbrook, Maine 04092. Preparation and use of the medium is set forth in the article “Evaluation of Enterolert for Enumeration of Enterococci in Recreational Waters,” by Budnick, G.E., Howard, R.T., and Mayo, D.R., 1996, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62:3881-3884.
10 Charm Sciences Inc. “Fast Phage Test Procedure. Presence/Absence for Coliphage in Ground Water with Same Day Positive Prediction”. Version 009. November 2012. 659 Andover Street, Lawrence, MA 01843. Available at www.charmsciences.com. 11EPA Method 1601: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Two-step Enrichment Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-030. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1601ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460. 12EPA Method 1602: Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Single Agar Layer (SAL) Procedure; April 2001, EPA 821-R-01-029. Method is available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/1602ap01.pdf or from EPA's Water Resource Center (RC-4100T), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20460. SECTION 86.
NR 809.335 (2) is amended to read: NR 809.335 (2) E. coliE. coli. Any laboratory certified by the EPA, the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference The NELAC Institute (TNI), or the department of agriculture, trade and consumer protection for total coliform or fecal coliform E. coli. analysis under s. NR 809.323(1)(c), Table F is approved for E. coli analysis under this section when the laboratory uses the same technique for E. coli that the laboratory uses for s. NR 809.334(2), Table I. SECTION 87.
NR 809.336 (4) (b) is amended to read: NR 809.336 (4) (b) Water suppliers shall report the following data elements for each E. coliE. coli analysis:
3. Sample collection date. |
4. Analytical method number. |
6. Source type (flowing stream, lake/reservoir, GWUDI). |
7. E. coliE. coli /100 mL. |
SECTION 88.
NR 809.35 (4) is amended to read: NR 809.35 (4) survey details. A sanitary survey, as conducted by the department under this section, includes but is not limited to, an onsite review of the water sources facilities, equipment, operation, maintenance, and monitoring compliance of a public water system to evaluate the adequacy of the public water system, its sources and operations and the distribution of safe drinking water. In addition, the department shall identify sources of potential contamination by using results of source water vulnerabilitymonitoring assessments or other relevant information.
SECTION 89.
NR 809.50 (4) Table K is amended to read: Table K
List of Small Water Systems Compliance Technologies for Radionuclides and Limitations To Use |
Unit technologies | Limitations
(see footnotes) | Operator skill level required1 | Raw water quality range
and consideration1 |
1. Ion exchange (IE). | (a) | Intermediate | All groundwaters. |
2. Point of use (POU 2 ) IE | (b) | Basic | All groundwaters |
3. Reverse osmosis (RO) | (c) | Advanced | Surface waters usually require pre-filtration |
4. POU 2 RO | (b) | Basic | Surface waters usually require pre-filtration. |
5. Lime softening | (d) | Advanced | All waters. |
6. Green sand filtration | (e) | Basic | |
7. Co-precipitation with Barium barium sulfate | (f) | Intermediate to Advanced | Groundwaters with suitable water quality |
8.Electrodialysis/electrodialysis reversal | | Basic to Intermediate | All groundwaters. |
9.Pre-formedhydrous Manganesemanganese oxide filtration. | (g) | Intermediate | All groundwaters |
10. Activated alumina | (a), (h) | Advanced | All groundwaters; competing anion concentrations may affect regeneration frequency. |
11.Enhanced coagulation/filtration | (i) | Advanced | Can treat a wide range of water qualities. |
1 National Research Council (NRC). Safe Water from Every Tap: Improving Water Service to Small Communities. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 1997.
2 POU devices are typically installed at the kitchen tap. See the April 21, 2000 NODA for more details.
Limitations Footnotes: Technologies for Radionuclides:
