Section 110 NR 811.69 (1) and (3) are amended to read:
NR 811.69 (1) Acceptable material. All pipe used for water main installations shall be cast iron, ductile iron, steel, reinforced concrete, polyvinyl chloride, high density polyethylene, copper, or materials specially approved by the department for restricted or experimental use. If a restricted or experimental use approval is issued, the department may require special precautions until a satisfactory use record has been established. For polyvinyl chloride pipe, the pipe must have a maximum dimension ratio of 18 and only joints with elastomeric gaskets or butt fusion welds shall be used.
(3) Lead free. Any pipe, pipe fittings, solder, or flux used in the installation or repair of any public water system shall be lead free. Lead free is defined, with respect to solders and flux, as containing not more than 0.2% percent lead and, with respect to pipes and pipe fittings, as containing not more than 8.0%0.25 percent lead. Repairs to lead joints shall be made using alternative methods, if possible. For ductile iron pipe, the use of lead tipped gaskets is prohibited.
Section 111 NR 811.70 (1), (4) and (9) are amended to read:
NR 811.70 (1) General. Water mains and water distribution systems shall be designed and operated to maintain point-of-entry water quality. Special consideration shall be given to distribution main sizing, providing multidirectional flow where possible, providing an adequate number of shut-off valves for distribution system control, providing an adequate number of fire hydrants where fire protection will be provided, and providing for adequate flushing throughout the system. Systems shall be designed to maximize turnover, to minimize the number of dead ends, and to minimize residence times while delivering code complying pressures and flows.
(4) Pressure. All water mains, including transmission mains and those not designed to provide fire protection, shall be sized after a hydraulic analysis based on flow demands and pressure requirements. The minimum and maximum normal static pressure in the distribution system shall be 35 psi and 100 psi, respectively, at ground level. The system shall be designed and operated to maintain a minimum residual pressure of 20 psi at ground level at all points in the distribution system under all conditions of flow.
(9) Valving. Sufficient valves shall be provided on water mains so that inconvenience or sanitary hazard to water users will be minimized during maintenance and construction. Valves shall be located at not more than 500-foot intervals in commercial districts and at not more than one block or 800-foot intervals in other districts for distribution system mains. Valves shall not be located at more than 1-mile intervals for transmission mains and shall be located immediately on each side of a distribution system branch.
Section 112 NR 811.71 (1), (5) and (7) are amended to read:
NR 811.71 (1) Location. Fire hydrants shall be provided at each street intersection and at intermediate points between intersections. Generally, fire Fire hydrant spacing may range from 350 to shall be no more than 600 feet depending on the type of area being served and the individual fire hose length and fire fighting practices utilized by each systembetween fire hydrants.
(5) Auxiliary valves on hydrant leads. Auxiliary valves shall be installed in on all hydrant leads off transmission water mains, off water mains in commercial and industrial districts and off all water mains 12 inches and larger.
Note: The department recommends that auxiliary valves be installed in all hydrant leads. Also, hydrants of the type that remain closed when the barrels are broken off are recommended.
(7) Flushing hydrants. Flushing hydrants or blow-off installations shall be installed at all dead ends and at intermediate locations as necessary in order to remove sediment and optimize water quality for all water systems that do not provide fire protection. Flushing hydrants shall be sized to provide a minimum velocity of 2.53.0 feet per second in the water main being flushed. Flushing hydrants shall allow frost-proof operation. If necessary, flushing hydrants shall be pumped out prior to freezing weather.
Section 113 NR 811.72 (1) and (2) (c) are amended to read:
NR 811.72 (1) Air-relief facilities. If possible, water mains shall be constructed to avoid high points at which air can accumulate. Permanent provisions shall be installed to remove the air by means of air relief valves, hydrants, or blow-offs when high points cannot be avoided. Automatic air-relief valves may not be used in situations where flooding of the manhole or chamber may occur. The open end of an air-relief pipe shall be extended to the top of a manhole or chamber and have a screened, downward facing elbow equipped with a 24-mesh corrosion resistant screen. If a chamber vent pipe is installed, the vent pipe shall be metal, terminate downward facing a minimum of 24 inches above grade, and be covered with a rodent screen.
(2) (c) Installation requirements. If not installed in the road right-of-way or if installed in the road right-of-way in areas with minimal risk from damage due to traffic and maintenance equipment, larger below grade facilities or below grade facilities housing pumps and other electrical equipment shall meet the applicable booster pumping station requirements of s. NR 811.84. In addition, if installed in vulnerable areas of the road right-of-way, the facilities may be constructed with a gasketed, watertight, bolt-down cover at grade if approved by the department. All structures shall be vented to the atmosphere. Section 114 NR 811.73 (2) (e) is amended to read:
NR 811.73 (2) (e) Cover. Sufficient earth or other suitable cover shall be provided over mains to prevent freezing. A minimum cover of 5 to 7 feet is required unless determined by the department to be unnecessary in specific cases. Insulation may be required at some installations to prevent freezing.
Section 115 NR 811.73 (2) (e) (Note) is created to read:
Note: The department recommends a minimum depth of cover of 6.5 feet. To assure water mains are installed to prevent freezing, consideration should be given to site specific conditions, such as water demand in the area, frost and groundwater depth, and water mains constructed under streets, highways, or other non-soil surfaces.
Section 116 NR 811.75 (1) (a) is renumbered NR 811.75 (1) (ar) and amended to read.
NR 811.75 (1) (ar) Eight feet between a water main and a POWTS holding, treatment, or dispersal component, sanitary sewer lift-station or , grave site, stormwater detention pond, retention pond, or infiltration basin.
Section 117 NR 811.75 (1) (ag) is created to read:
NR 811.75 (1) (ag) Three feet between a water main and a stormwater collection system treatment unit, such as a bioswale or permeable paver system.
Section 118 NR 811.75 (1) (c) is amended to read:
NR 811.75 (1) (c) Fifty feet between a water main and a sanitary landfill or agricultural, industrial, commercial, or municipal wastewater treatment plant treatment unit, lagoon, or storage structure.
Section 119 NR 811.84 (9) is amended to read:
NR 811.84 (9) Underground stations shall be equipped with heating, ventilation, and dehumidification equipment. Sump and sump pump equipment shall be provided unless a discharge to the ground surface can be provided. Access manways shall terminate a minimum of 24 inches above grade with an overlapping, gasketed, watertight, locking cover. Sump pump discharge and vent pipes shall be metal and terminate a minimum of 24 inches above grade in a downward facing U-bend with a 24-mesh corrosion resistant screen. Chemical addition equipment may not be installed in underground stations.
Section 120 NR 811.85 is renumbered NR 811.815 (intro.) and amended to read:
NR 811.85 General. The discharge of pollutants from a waterworks facility into the waters of the state or into a publicly owned treatment works, as those terms are defined in s. 283.01, Stats., shall conform to all the applicable requirements of ch. 283, Stats., and the rules adopted under ch. 283, Stats. Provisions shall be made for proper disposal of all wastes from waterworks facilities. Wastes may be including wastes from sanitary facilities, laboratories, or and treatment plants. If new methods are proposed or the treatment results are uncertain, the department may require laboratory, pilot, or full-scale testing to establish design parameters. Sections NR 811.853 to 811.862 All waterworks facilities shall meet the general requirements of this section and the relevant sections of this subch., which contain general standards to be utilized in meeting the requirements of ch. 283, Stats. System owners proposing discharges other than to already permitted wastewater treatment plants shall obtain a WPDES permit. The discharge of specific types of wastes shall be limited to those methods listed in this subch.. If other treatment or disposal methods are proposed or the treatment results are uncertain, the department may require laboratory testing, pilot testing under s. NR 811.44, or full-scale testing to establish design parameters. In addition, water system waste disposal must meet all of the following requirements: Section 121 NR 811.85 (1) and (2) are created to read:
NR 811.85 (1) Discharge requirements. Waterworks wastewater that is not recycled within the waterworks or disposed of in a licensed landfill shall meet all of the following provisions. The following provisions are also required for sludge and solid wastes generated in the drinking water treatment process:
(a) Discharge to a sanitary sewer. 1.The indirect discharge of any pollutant from a waterworks facility into a publicly owned treatment works shall conform to all the applicable requirements under ch. NR 211. 2. An equalization tank or lagoon shall be provided if it is necessary to prevent overloading the sewers or interference or pass through at the publicly or privately owned treatment works.
(b) Discharge to a water of the state. 1. The discharge of any pollutant from a water treatment plant to a water of the state shall be in accordance with the limitations and terms contained within a WPDES permit issued for the discharge. The discharge of solely sanitary wastes to a POWTS, as allowed under s. NR 811.851, is exempt from this requirement. Note: The department’s wastewater program in the bureau of water quality is responsible for the issuance of WPDES permits for discharges from waterworks to a water of the state. Waterworks owners should contact the department’s district wastewater staff for WPDES permit application and administration.
2. The radionuclide content of the wastewater, including waste sludge, shall comply with s. NR 811.856. Any proposed land treatment system shall comply with the applicable requirements under ss. NR 204.07 and 214.18. 3. Land application of wastewater and sludge shall comply with the applicable requirements under s. NR 204.07 and ch. NR 214. Under s. NR 214.02 (3) (k), uncontaminated lime sludges applied in accordance with s. NR 518.04 (3) are exempt from this requirement. Note: Uncontaminated lime sludge excludes any sludge containing radium-226, radium-228, or uranium and other contaminants that are regulated under a WPDES permit under ch. 283, Stats. 4. The discharge of wastewater to a water of the state shall be separated from a well in accordance with the applicable separation distances under s. NR 811.12 (5) (d) 6. and 8. The department may apply additional limitations to the location of a discharge on a case-by-case basis if necessary for adequate protection of a groundwater or surface water source. (c) Discharge to a holding tank. 1. All wastewater discharged to a holding tank shall be regularly pumped and hauled to a permitted wastewater treatment plant.
2. The indirect discharge of any pollutant from a waterworks facility into a publicly owned treatment works shall conform to all the applicable requirements under ch. NR 211. The discharge shall not interfere with the operation of and effluent quality from a privately owned treatment works. (2) Plan approval. With the exception of facilities defined solely as plumbing under s. 145.01 (10), Stats., a wastewater conveyance, treatment, storage, equalization, or discharge facility shall be reviewed and approved by the department prior to construction under s. 281.41, Stats. A wastewater conveyance, treatment, storage, or equalization structure shall meet the design requirements under this chapter and ch. NR 213. A land treatment system shall also meet applicable design requirements under ch. NR 214. Note: The department’s wastewater section in the bureau of water quality is responsible for the review of plans for wastewater facilities. Plans for such alterations should be submitted to both the wastewater section and the public water engineering section.
Section 122 NR 811.851 is amended to read:
NR 811.851 Sanitary wastes. Wastes from toilet facilities shall be discharged to a sanitary sewer system. The floor elevation to of a building from which there is a discharge shall be constructed at least one foot above the rim of the nearest sanitary sewer manhole in accordance with s. NR 811.25 (1) (h) to prevent contamination from sewer backup. Where a sanitary sewer system is not available, the installation of department may approve the discharge to a holding tank or an individual POWTS may be approved by the department if the installation meets ch. SPS 383 requirements and if the POWTS separation distances to a community water system well shall comply with the requirements ofunder s. NR 811.12 (5) (d). A holding tank or POWTS shall meet the requirements under s. NR 811.25 (1) (h) 2. c. Section 123 NR 811.853 (intro.) is created to read:
NR 811.853 Backwash wastewater from iron and manganese filters. Iron and manganese filter backwash shall be discharged according to one of the following methods:
Section 124 NR 811.853 (1), (2) (a) and (d) are amended to read:
NR 811.853 (1) Discharge to a sanitary sewer. Backwash wastewater from iron and manganese removal filters may be discharged to a sanitary sewer if the discharge will not overload the facilities or adversely affect the wastewater treatment process. The radionuclide content of the wastewater shall comply with s. NR 811.856. An equalization tank shall be provided when it is necessary to prevent overloading the sewers or wastewater treatment plant subject to the requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1) (a). (2) (a) Filters shall be designed for a maximum rate of 35 gallons per square foot per day except if testing indicates that higher rates will not cause excessive plugging of the media and a quality effluent can be maintained. Sufficient surface area shall be provided so that during any filtration cycle the wastewater depth over the media does not exceed 2 feet. The filters shall be sized to handle the entire backwash volume from all of the iron and manganese filters at the treatment plant unless the iron and manganese filters are washed on a rotating schedule.
(d) An adequate underdrainage collection system shall be provided. Provision shall be made to allow for sampling the filter effluent.
Section 125 NR 811.853 (2) (g) is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.853 (2) (g) The filtrate shall be discharged to a sanitary sewer, water of the state, or holding tank and shall meet the provisions under s. NR 811.85 (1). Section 126 NR 811.853 (3) (b) is amended to read:
NR 811.853 (3) (b) Lagoon length shall be 4 times the width, and the width shall be at least 3 times the depth. The minimum useable depth shall be 3 feet.
Section 127 NR 811.853 (3) (d) is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.853 (3) (d) Lagoons shall be designed to comply with ch. NR 213. Section 128 NR 811.853 (3) (e) is created to read:
NR 811.853 (3) (e) The lagoon effluent shall be discharged to a sanitary sewer, water of the state, or holding tank and shall meet the provisions under s. NR 811.85 (1) or shall be returned to the water treatment plant in accordance with the requirements under s. NR 811.862. Section 129 NR 811.853 (4) (b) is amended to read:
NR 811.853 (4) (b) Pumps shall be provided to discharge the decant water to a storm sewer or receiving watercourse over approximately a 24-hour period. A convenient means of sampling the effluent shall be provided. Any discharge requires a WPDES permit. The radionuclide content of the wastewater shall comply with s. NR 811.856. Section 130 NR 811.853 (4) (c) is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.853 (4) (c) The detention tank supernatant shall be discharged to a sanitary sewer, water of the state, or holding tank and shall meet the provisions under s. NR 811.85 (1) or shall be returned to the water treatment plant in accordance with the requirements under s. NR 811.862. If discharged to a water of the state, pumps shall be provided to discharge the supernatant over approximately a 24-hour period. Section 131 NR 811.853 (4) (d) is amended to read:
NR 811.853 (4) (d) Settled sludge removed from detention tanks shall be disposed of at a wastewater treatment plant unless the department approves an alternate disposal location on a case-by-case basis. The disposal of sludge shall meet the applicable requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1). Section 132 NR 811.854 is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.854 Brine wastes from ion exchange plants. Brine wastes from ion exchange processes may be discharged to a water of the state subject to the requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1) (b). An equalization tank of sufficient size to allow brine discharge over at least a 24-hour period shall be provided. The department may approve a smaller tank or no equalization if the water system facility demonstrates to the department that reduced equalization is unnecessary to prevent toxicity to aquatic life. Section 133 NR 811.855 is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.855 Wastewater from reverse osmosis plants. Reject, backwash, and concentrate wastewaters from reverse osmosis processes may be discharged to a water of the state subject to the requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1) (b). Chemical cleaning waste shall not be discharged to a water of the state. An equalization tank of sufficient size to allow discharge over at least a 24-hour period shall be provided for a surface water discharge. The department may approve a smaller tank or no equalization if the waterworks facility demonstrates to the department that reduced equalization is unnecessary to prevent toxicity to aquatic life. Section 134 NR 811.856 (intro.) is repealed and recreated to read:
NR 811.856 Water treatment plant wastewater radionuclide content compliance with the unity equation. Water treatment plant wastewater containing radium or uranium shall not be discharged to a sanitary sewer or to waters of the state unless all of the following requirements are met:
Section 135 NR 811.856 (2) (a) is amended to read:
NR 811.856 (2) (a) Unity Equationequation calculations in accordance with sub. (1) shall be performed for water treatment plants treating wells with combined radium-226 and radium-228, uranium, or both, exceeding the maximum contaminant level unless required by the department in individual cases or . The department may require unity equation calculations on a case-by-case basis if other less common radionuclide elements radionuclides may be of concern.
Section 136 NR 811.857 (1) (title) is created to read:
NR 811.857 (1) Recycle.
Section 137 NR 811.857 (2) and (3) are amended to read:
NR 811.857 (2) Direct or controlled discharge Discharge to a sanitary sewer. Lime softening backwash water may be discharged to a sanitary sewer system may be allowed by the department if the discharge will not overload the facilities or adversely affect the wastewater treatment process subject to the requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1) (a). (3) Discharge to surface water. Discharge to a water of the state. Backwash wastewater from lime softening treatment plants may be discharged to a water of the state subject to the requirements under s. NR 811.85 (1) (b). Suspended solids shall be removed from the filter backwash wastewater before the filter backwash wastewater is discharged to surface water. This will require prior to discharge by means of settling, and possibly coagulation. Any discharge requires a WPDES Permit. The pH shall be adjusted to within the range of 6.0 and 9.0 prior to surface water discharge. Section 138 NR 811.858 (intro.), (1) (b), (d) and (f) are amended to read:
NR 811.858 Lime softening sludge. Sludge from plants using lime to soften water will vary in quantity and in chemical characteristics depending on the softening process and the chemical characteristics of the water being softened. The department shall determine special impose additional disposal requirements on a case-by-case basis for sludge from plants treating water containing radium-226, radium-228, or uranium, or other radionuclides. These special additional requirements shall modify the requirements for specific disposal methods. The requirements for specific disposal methods are as follows:
(1) (b) Minimum lagoon depth of 4 to 5 feet with interior and exterior slopes of 3:1.
(d) Multiple A minimum of 2 cells to provide flexibility in operation. The inlet and outlet structures shall be designed so that the cells may be operated independently.
(f) Means of convenient cleaning where appropriate.
Section 139 NR 811.858 (1) (g) and (h) are created to read:
NR 811.858 (1) (g) Lagoons shall be designed to comply with ch. NR 213. (h) Supernatant from lagoon thickening shall be discharged to a sanitary sewer, water of the state, or holding tank, under the applicable requirements of s. NR 811.85 (1). Lime softening sludge supernatant that is discharged to a water of the state shall meet the treatment requirements under s. NR 811.857 (3). Section 140 NR 811.858 (2) is amended to read:
NR 811.858 (2) Application to agricultural land. The department may allow liquid sludge to be applied to agricultural land by tank truck if the solids do not exceed 10 to 12% by weight. This method requires proper handling facilities, vehicles, and equipment to allow hauling and spreading whichthat does not create a dust, odors, or other nuisance conditions. Adequate sludge holding facilities are required for use during times that trucks cannot operate. Higher solids content sludges may also be spread. However, prior to increasing the solids content the local department sludge management specialist shall be contacted to evaluate the acceptability of spreading the high solids sludge. Land application of sludge, including the radium-226 radionuclide content, shall comply with the applicable requirements of s. NR 204.07 s. NR 811.85 (1) (b). Section 141 NR 811.858 (2) (Note) is created to read:
NR 811.858 (2) Note: Under s. NR 214.02 (3) (k), uncontaminated lime sludges from water supply treatment facilities shall follow the land spreading requirements under s. NR 518.04 (3). Uncontaminated lime sludges would exclude any sludges containing radionuclide content that are regulated under a WPDES permit under ch. 283, Stats. The department’s wastewater program in the bureau of water quality is responsible for the issuance of WPDES permits for discharges from waterworks to a water of the state. Waterworks owners should contact the department’s district wastewater staff for WPDES permit application and compliance requirements.
