NR 666.103(6)(6) Startup and shutdown. Hazardous waste (except waste fed solely as an ingredient under the Tier I (or adjusted Tier I) feed rate screening limits for metals and chloride and chlorine) may not be fed into the device during startup and shutdown of the boiler or industrial furnace, unless the device is operating within the conditions of operation specified in the certification of compliance. NR 666.103(7)(7) Automatic waste feed cutoff. During the compliance test required by sub. (3) (c), and upon certification of compliance under sub. (3), a boiler or industrial furnace shall be operated with a functioning system that automatically cuts off the hazardous waste feed when the applicable operating conditions specified in sub. (3) (a) 1. and 5. to 13. deviate from those established in the certification of compliance. In addition: NR 666.103(7)(a)(a) To minimize emissions of organic compounds, the minimum combustion chamber temperature (or the indicator of combustion chamber temperature) that occurred during the compliance test shall be maintained while hazardous waste or hazardous waste residues remain in the combustion chamber, with the minimum temperature during the compliance test defined as either of the following: NR 666.103(7)(a)1.1. If compliance with the combustion chamber temperature limit is based on a hourly rolling average, the minimum temperature during the compliance test is considered to be the average over all runs of the lowest hourly rolling average for each run. NR 666.103(7)(a)2.2. If compliance with the combustion chamber temperature limit is based on an instantaneous temperature measurement, the minimum temperature during the compliance test is considered to be the time-weighted average temperature during all runs of the test. NR 666.103(7)(b)(b) Operating parameters limited by the certification of compliance shall continue to be monitored during the cutoff, and the hazardous waste feed may not be restarted until the levels of those parameters comply with the limits established in the certification of compliance. NR 666.103(8)(8) Fugitive emissions. Fugitive emissions shall be controlled by one of the following: NR 666.103(8)(a)(a) Keeping the combustion zone totally sealed against fugitive emissions. NR 666.103(8)(b)(b) Maintaining the combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. NR 666.103(8)(c)(c) An alternate means of control that the owner or operator can demonstrate provide fugitive emissions control equivalent to maintenance of combustion zone pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. Support for such demonstration shall be included in the operating record. NR 666.103(9)(9) Changes. A boiler or industrial furnace shall cease burning hazardous waste when changes in combustion properties, or feed rates of the hazardous waste, other fuels, or industrial furnace feedstocks, or changes in the boiler or industrial furnace design or operating conditions deviate from the limits specified in the certification of compliance. NR 666.103(10)(a)(a) The owner or operator shall monitor and record all of the following, at a minimum, while burning hazardous waste: NR 666.103(10)(a)1.1. Feed rates and composition of hazardous waste, other fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks, and feed rates of ash, metals, and total chloride and chlorine as necessary to ensure conformance with the certification of precompliance or certification of compliance. NR 666.103(10)(a)2.2. Carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen, and if applicable, hydrocarbons (HC), on a continuous basis at a common point in the boiler or industrial furnace downstream of the combustion zone and prior to release of stack gases to the atmosphere in accordance with the operating limits specified in the certification of compliance. CO, HC and oxygen monitors shall be installed, operated and maintained in accordance with methods specified in ch. NR 666 Appendix IX. NR 666.103(10)(a)3.3. Upon the request of the department, sampling and analysis of the hazardous waste (and other fuels and industrial furnace feed stocks as appropriate) and the stack gas emissions shall be conducted to verify that the operating conditions established in the certification of precompliance or certification of compliance achieve the applicable standards of ss. NR 666.104, 666.105, 666.106 and 666.107. NR 666.103(10)(b)(b) The boiler or industrial furnace and associated equipment (pumps, valves, pipes, fuel storage tanks, etc.) shall be subjected to thorough visual inspection when they contain hazardous waste, at least daily for leaks, spills, fugitive emissions and signs of tampering. NR 666.103(10)(c)(c) The automatic hazardous waste feed cutoff system and associated alarms shall be tested at least once every 7 days when hazardous waste is burned to verify operability, unless the owner or operator can demonstrate that weekly inspections will unduly restrict or upset operations and that less frequent inspections will be adequate. Support for such demonstration shall be included in the operating record. At a minimum, operational testing shall be conducted at least once every 30 days. NR 666.103(10)(d)(d) These monitoring and inspection data shall be recorded and the records shall be placed in the operating log. NR 666.103(11)(11) Recordkeeping. The owner or operator shall keep in the operating record of the facility all information and data required by this section for a minimum of 5 years. NR 666.103(12)(12) Closure. At closure, the owner or operator shall remove all hazardous waste and hazardous waste residues (including, but not limited to, ash, scrubber waters and scrubber sludges) from the boiler or industrial furnace and shall comply with ss. NR 665.0111 to 665.0115 . NR 666.103 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; corrections in (2) (b) 2. b., c., (c) 4. b., (d), (g), (3) (c) 2. a., (e), (f) 1., (10) (a) 2. made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687; CR 16-007: am. (4), (11) Register July 2017 No. 739, eff. 8-1-17; CR 19-082: am. (1) (f) 4., (3) (d) (intro.) Register August 2020 No. 776, eff. 9-1-20. NR 666.104NR 666.104 Standards to control organic emissions. NR 666.104(1)(a)(a) General. Except as provided in par. (c), a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste shall achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.99% for all organic hazardous constituents in the waste feed. To demonstrate conformance with this requirement, 99.99% DRE shall be demonstrated during a trial burn for each principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) designated (under par. (b)) in its license for each waste feed. DRE is determined for each POHC from the following equation: where:
Win = Mass feed rate of one principal organic hazardous constituent (POHC) in the hazardous waste fired to the boiler or industrial furnace
Wout = Mass emission rate of the same POHC present in stack gas prior to release to the atmosphere
NR 666.104(1)(b)(b) Designation of POHCs. Principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs) are those compounds for which compliance with the DRE requirements shall be demonstrated in a trial burn in conformance with procedures prescribed in s. NR 670.066. One or more POHCs shall be designated by the department for each waste feed to be burned. POHCs shall be designated based on the degree of difficulty of destruction of the organic constituents in the waste and on their concentrations or mass in the waste feed considering the results of waste analyses submitted with the feasibility and plan of operation report. POHCs are most likely to be selected from among those compounds listed in ch. NR 661 Appendix VIII that are also present in the normal waste feed. However, if the applicant demonstrates to the department’s satisfaction in writing that a compound not listed in ch. NR 661 Appendix VIII or not present in the normal waste feed is a suitable indicator of compliance with the DRE requirements, that compound may be designated as a POHC. Such POHCs need not be toxic or organic compounds. NR 666.104(1)(c)(c) Dioxin-listed waste. A boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste containing (or derived from) EPA hazardous waste numbers F020, F021, F022, F023, F026 or F027 shall achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.9999% for each POHC designated (under par. (b)) in its license. This performance shall be demonstrated on POHCs that are more difficult to burn than tetra-, penta- and hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. DRE is determined for each POHC from the equation in par. (a). In addition, the owner or operator of the boiler or industrial furnace shall notify the department of intent to burn EPA hazardous waste numbers F020, F021, F022, F023, F026 or F027. NR 666.104(1)(d)(d) Automatic waiver of DRE trial burn. Owners and operators of boilers operated under the special operating requirements provided by s. NR 666.110 are considered to be in compliance with the DRE standard of par. (a) and are exempt from the DRE trial burn. NR 666.104(1)(e)(e) Low risk waste. Owners and operators of boilers or industrial furnaces that burn hazardous waste in compliance with s. NR 666.109 (1) are considered to be in compliance with the DRE standard of par. (a) and are exempt from the DRE trial burn. NR 666.104(2)(a)(a) Except as provided in sub. (3), the stack gas concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) from a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste cannot exceed 100 ppmv on an hourly rolling average basis (i.e., over any 60 minute period), continuously corrected to 7% oxygen, dry gas basis. NR 666.104(2)(b)(b) CO and oxygen shall be continuously monitored in conformance with “Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of Carbon Monoxide and Oxygen for Incinerators, Boilers and Industrial Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste” in ch. NR 666 Appendix IX. NR 666.104(2)(c)(c) Compliance with the 100 ppmv CO limit shall be demonstrated during the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim license facility applying for an operating license) or the compliance test (for interim license facilities). To demonstrate compliance, the highest hourly rolling average CO level during any valid run of the trial burn or compliance test may not exceed 100 ppmv. NR 666.104(3)(a)(a) The stack gas concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) from a boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste may exceed the 100 ppmv limit if stack gas concentrations of hydrocarbons (HC) do not exceed 20 ppmv, except as provided by sub. (6) for certain industrial furnaces. NR 666.104(3)(b)(b) HC limits shall be established under this section on an hourly rolling average basis (i.e., over any 60 minute period), reported as propane, and continuously corrected to 7% oxygen, dry gas basis. NR 666.104(3)(c)(c) HC shall be continuously monitored in conformance with “Performance Specifications for Continuous Emission Monitoring of Hydrocarbons for Incinerators, Boilers and Industrial Furnaces Burning Hazardous Waste” in ch. NR 666 Appendix IX. CO and oxygen shall be continuously monitored in conformance with sub. (2) (b). NR 666.104(3)(d)(d) The alternative CO standard is established based on CO data during the trial burn (for a new facility) and the compliance test (for an interim license facility). The alternative CO standard is the average over all valid runs of the highest hourly average CO level for each run. The CO limit is implemented on an hourly rolling average basis, and continuously corrected to 7% oxygen, dry gas basis. NR 666.104(4)(4) Special requirements for furnaces. Owners and operators of industrial furnaces (e.g., kilns, cupolas) that feed hazardous waste for a purpose other than solely as an ingredient (see s. NR 666.103 (1) (e) 2.) at any location other than the end where products are normally discharged and where fuels are normally fired shall comply with the hydrocarbon limits provided by sub. (3) or (6) irrespective of whether stack gas CO concentrations meet the 100 ppmv limit of sub. (2). NR 666.104(5)(5) Controls for dioxins and furans. Owners and operators of boilers and industrial furnaces that are equipped with a dry particulate matter control device that operates within the temperature range of 450 to 750 °F, and industrial furnaces operating under an alternative hydrocarbon limit established under sub. (6) shall conduct a site-specific risk assessment as follows to demonstrate that emissions of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans do not result in an increased lifetime cancer risk to the hypothetical maximum exposed individual (MEI) exceeding 1 in 100,000: NR 666.104(5)(a)(a) During the trial burn (for new facilities or an interim license facility applying for an operating license) or compliance test (for interim license facilities), determine emission rates of the tetra-octa congeners of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (CDDs/CDFs) using Method 0023A, Sampling Method for Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans Emissions from Stationary Sources, EPA SW-846, as incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11. NR 666.104(5)(b)(b) Estimate the 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity equivalence of the tetra-octa CDDs/CDFs congeners using “Procedures for Estimating the Toxicity Equivalence of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxin and Dibenzofuran Congeners” in ch. NR 666 Appendix IX. Multiply the emission rates of CDD/CDF congeners with a toxicity equivalence greater than 0 (see the procedure) by the calculated toxicity equivalence factor to estimate the equivalent emission rate of 2,3,7,8-TCDD. NR 666.104(5)(c)(c) Conduct dispersion modeling using methods recommended in Appendix W of 40 CFR part 51 (”Guideline on Air Quality Models (Revised)” (1986) and its supplements, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11), the “Hazardous Waste Combustion Air Quality Screening Procedure”, provided in ch. NR 666 Appendix IX, or in Screening Procedures for Estimating the Air Quality Impact of Stationary Sources, Revised, EPA-450/R-92-019, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11, to predict the maximum annual average off-site ground level concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents determined under par. (b). The maximum annual average concentration shall be used when a person resides on-site. NR 666.104(5)(d)(d) The ratio of the predicted maximum annual average ground level concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents to the risk-specific dose for 2,3,7,8-TCDD provided in ch. NR 666 Appendix V (2.2 X 10–7) may not exceed 1.0. NR 666.104(6)(6) Monitoring CO and HC in the by-pass duct of a cement kiln. Cement kilns may comply with the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon limits provided by subs. (2), (3) and (4) by monitoring in the by-pass duct if both of the following conditions are met: NR 666.104(6)(a)(a) Hazardous waste is fired only into the kiln and not at any location downstream from the kiln exit relative to the direction of gas flow. NR 666.104(6)(b)(b) The by-pass duct diverts a minimum of 10% of kiln off-gas into the duct. NR 666.104(7)(7) Use of emissions test data to demonstrate compliance and establish operating limits. Compliance with this section shall be demonstrated simultaneously by emissions testing or during separate runs under identical operating conditions. Further, data to demonstrate compliance with the CO and HC limits of this section or to establish alternative CO or HC limits under this section shall be obtained during the time that DRE testing, and where applicable, CDD/CDF testing under sub. (5) and comprehensive organic emissions testing under sub. (6) is conducted. NR 666.104(8)(8) Enforcement. For the purposes of license enforcement, compliance with the operating requirements specified in the license (under s. NR 666.102) shall be regarded as compliance with this section. However, evidence that compliance with those license conditions is insufficient to ensure compliance with this section may be information justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of a license under s. NR 670.041. NR 666.104 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; corrections in (1) (b), (2) (b), (3) (c), (5) (b) to (d) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687. NR 666.105NR 666.105 Standards to control particulate matter. NR 666.105(1)(1) A boiler or industrial furnace burning hazardous waste may not emit particulate matter in excess of 180 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter (0.08 grains per dry standard cubic foot) after correction to a stack gas concentration of 7% oxygen, using procedures prescribed in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, methods 1 to 5, incorporated by reference in s. NR 660.11, and ch. NR 666 Appendix IX. NR 666.105(2)(2) An owner or operator meeting s. NR 666.109 (2) for the low risk waste exemption is exempt from the particulate matter standard. NR 666.105(3)(a)(a) Measured pollutant levels shall be corrected for the amount of oxygen in the stack gas according to the formula: where:
Pc is the corrected concentration of the pollutant in the stack gas, Pm is the measured concentration of the pollutant in the stack gas, E is the oxygen concentration on a dry basis in the combustion air fed to the device, and Y is the measured oxygen concentration on a dry basis in the stack.
NR 666.105(3)(b)(b) For devices that feed normal combustion air, E will equal 21%. For devices that feed oxygen-enriched air for combustion (that is, air with an oxygen concentration exceeding 21%), the value of E will be the concentration of oxygen in the enriched air. NR 666.105(3)(c)(c) Compliance with all emission standards provided by this subchapter shall be based on correcting to 7% oxygen using this procedure. NR 666.105(4)(4) For the purposes of license enforcement, compliance with the operating requirements specified in the license (under s. NR 666.102) shall be regarded as compliance with this section. However, evidence that compliance with those license conditions is insufficient to ensure compliance with this section may be information justifying modification or revocation and re-issuance of a license under s. NR 670.041. NR 666.105 HistoryHistory: CR 05-032: cr. Register July 2006 No. 607, eff. 8-1-06; correction in (1) made under s. 13.92 (4) (b) 7., Stats., Register March 2013 No. 687. NR 666.106NR 666.106 Standards to control metals emissions. NR 666.106(1)(1) General. The owner or operator shall comply with the metals standards provided by subs. (2), (3), (4), (5), or (6) for each metal listed in sub. (2) that is present in the hazardous waste at detectable levels by using appropriate analytical procedures. NR 666.106(2)(2) Tier I feed rate screening limits. Feed rate screening limits for metals are specified in ch. NR 666 Appendix I as a function of terrain-adjusted effective stack height and terrain and land use in the vicinity of the facility. Criteria for facilities that are not eligible to comply with the screening limits are provided in par. (g). NR 666.106(2)(a)(a) Noncarcinogenic metals. The feed rates of antimony, barium, lead, mercury, thallium and silver in all feed streams, including hazardous waste, fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks may not exceed the screening limits specified in ch. NR 666 Appendix I. NR 666.106(2)(a)1.1. The feed rate screening limits for antimony, barium, mercury, thallium and silver are based on either of the following: NR 666.106(2)(a)2.2. The feed rate screening limit for lead is based on one of the following: NR 666.106(2)(a)2.b.b. An averaging period of 2 to 24 hours as defined in s. NR 666.102 (5) (f) 2. with an instantaneous feed rate limit not to exceed 10 times the feed rate that would be allowed on an hourly rolling average basis. NR 666.106(2)(b)1.1. The feed rates of arsenic, cadmium, beryllium and chromium in all feed streams, including hazardous waste, fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks may not exceed values derived from the screening limits specified in ch. NR 666 Appendix I. The feed rate of each of these metals is limited to a level such that the sum of the ratios of the actual feed rate to the feed rate screening limit specified in ch. NR 666 Appendix I may not exceed 1.0, as provided by the following equation: where:
n = number of carcinogenic metals
AFR = actual feed rate to the device for metal “i”
NR 666.106(2)(b)2.2. The feed rate screening limits for the carcinogenic metals are based on either of the following: NR 666.106(2)(b)2.b.b. An averaging period of 2 to 24 hours as defined in s. NR 666.102 (5) (f) 2. with an instantaneous feed rate limit not to exceed 10 times the feed rate that would be allowed on an hourly rolling average basis. NR 666.106(2)(c)1.1. The terrain-adjusted effective stack height is determined according to the following equation:
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