Amendment ASA1-AB40

AB40-ASA1,1326 Section 1326. 71.06 (2) (j) of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,716,4 71.06 (2) (j) For married persons filing separately, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012:

AB40-ASA1,716,5 1. On all taxable income from $0 to $5,000, 4.40 percent.

AB40-ASA1,716,7 2. On all taxable income exceeding $5,000 but not exceeding $10,000, 5.84 percent.

AB40-ASA1,716,9 3. On all taxable income exceeding $10,000 but not exceeding $150,000, 6.27 percent.

AB40-ASA1,716,10 4. On all taxable income exceeding $150,000, 7.65 percent.

AB40-ASA1,1327 Section 1327. 71.06 (2e) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,717,12 71.06 (2e) (a) For taxable years beginning after December 31, 1998, and before January 1, 2000, the maximum dollar amount in each tax bracket, and the corresponding minimum dollar amount in the next bracket, under subs. (1m) and (2) (c) and (d), and for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1999, the maximum dollar amount in each tax bracket, and the corresponding minimum dollar amount in the next bracket, under subs. (1n), (1p) (a) to (c), (1q) (a) and (b), and (2) (e), (f), (g) 1. to 3., and (h) 1. to 3., (i) 1. and 2., and (j) 1. and 2., shall be increased each year by a percentage equal to the percentage change between the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August of the previous year and the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August 1997, as determined by the federal department of labor, except that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2000, and before January 1, 2002, the dollar amount in the top bracket under subs. (1p) (c) and (d), (2) (g) 3. and 4. and (h) 3. and 4. shall be increased by a percentage equal to the percentage change between the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August of the previous year and the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August 1999, as determined by the federal department of labor, except that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, the adjustment may occur only if the resulting amount is greater than the corresponding amount that was calculated for the previous year. Each amount that is revised under this paragraph shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $10 if the revised amount is not a multiple of $10 or, if the revised amount is a multiple of $5, such an amount shall be increased to the next higher multiple of $10. The department of revenue shall annually adjust the changes in dollar amounts required under this paragraph and incorporate the changes into the income tax forms and instructions.

AB40-ASA1,1328 Section 1328. 71.06 (2e) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,718,5 71.06 (2e) (b) For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, the maximum dollar amount in each tax bracket, and the corresponding minimum dollar amount in the next bracket, under subs. (1p) (d), (1q) (c), and (2) (g) 4. and, (h) 4., (i) 3., and (j) 3., and the dollar amount in the top bracket under subs. (1p) (e), (1q) (d), and (2) (g) 5. and, (h) 5., (i) 4., and (j) 4., shall be increased each year by a percentage equal to the percentage change between the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August of the previous year and the U.S. consumer price index for all urban consumers, U.S. city average, for the month of August 2008, as determined by the federal department of labor, except that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, the adjustment may occur only if the resulting amount is greater than the corresponding amount that was calculated for the previous year. Each amount that is revised under this paragraph shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $10 if the revised amount is not a multiple of $10 or, if the revised amount is a multiple of $5, such an amount shall be increased to the next higher multiple of $10. The department of revenue shall annually adjust the changes in dollar amounts required under this paragraph and incorporate the changes into the income tax forms and instructions.

AB40-ASA1,1329 Section 1329. 71.06 (2e) (c) of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,718,12 71.06 (2e) (c) Each amount that is revised under this subsection shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $10 if the revised amount is not a multiple of $10 or, if the revised amount is a multiple of $5, such an amount shall be increased to the next higher multiple of $10. The department of revenue shall annually adjust the changes in dollar amounts required under this subsection and incorporate the changes into the income tax forms and instructions.

AB40-ASA1,1330 Section 1330. 71.06 (2m) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,718,17 71.06 (2m) Rate changes. If a rate under sub. (1), (1m), (1n), (1p), (1q), or (2) changes during a taxable year, the taxpayer shall compute the tax for that taxable year by the methods applicable to the federal income tax under section 15 of the internal revenue code Internal Revenue Code.

AB40-ASA1,1331 Section 1331. 71.06 (2s) (d) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,719,6 71.06 (2s) (d) For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2000, with respect to nonresident individuals, including individuals changing their domicile into or from this state, the tax brackets under subs. (1p), (1q), and (2) (g) and, (h), (i), and (j) shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is Wisconsin adjusted gross income and the denominator of which is federal adjusted gross income. In this paragraph, for married persons filing separately "adjusted gross income" means the separate adjusted gross income of each spouse, and for married persons filing jointly "adjusted gross income" means the total adjusted gross income of both spouses. If an individual and that individual's spouse are not both domiciled in this state during the entire taxable year, the tax brackets under subs. (1p), (1q), and (2) (g) and, (h), (i), and (j) on a joint return shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is their joint Wisconsin adjusted gross income and the denominator of which is their joint federal adjusted gross income.

AB40-ASA1,1331d Section 1331d. 71.07 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,719,15 71.07 (2) Community development finance authority credit. Any individual receiving a credit under s. 71.09 (12m), 1985 stats., may carry forward to the next succeeding 15 taxable years the amount of the credit not offset against taxes for the year of purchase to the extent not offset by those taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year for which the credit was computed and the year for which the carry-forward is claimed. No unused credits may be carried forward and claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1332 Section 1332. 71.07 (2dj) (am) 4h. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,719,22 71.07 (2dj) (am) 4h. Modify section 51 (a) of the internal revenue code Internal Revenue Code so that the amount of the credit is 25% of the qualified first-year wages if the wages are paid to an applicant for a Wisconsin works Works employment position for service either in an unsubsidized position or in a trial job under s. 49.147 (3), 2011 stats., and so that the amount of the credit is 20% of the qualified first-year wages if the wages are not paid to such an applicant.

AB40-ASA1,1333 Section 1333. 71.07 (2dx) (a) 4. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,720,5 71.07 (2dx) (a) 4. "Full-time job" means a regular, nonseasonal full-time position in which an individual, as a condition of employment, is required to work at least 2,080 hours per year, including paid leave and holidays, and for which the individual receives pay that is equal to at least 150% of the federal minimum wage and receives benefits that are not required by federal or state law. "Full-time job" does not include initial training before an employment position begins has the meaning given in s. 238.30 (2m).

AB40-ASA1,1334 Section 1334. 71.07 (2dx) (a) 5. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,720,20 71.07 (2dx) (a) 5. "Member of a targeted group" means a person who resides in an area designated by the federal government as an economic revitalization area, a person who is employed in an unsubsidized job but meets the eligibility requirements under s. 49.145 (2) and (3) for a Wisconsin Works employment position, a person who is employed in a trial job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), 2011 stats., or in a real work, real pay project position under s. 49.147 (3m) trial employment match program job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), a person who is eligible for child care assistance under s. 49.155, a person who is a vocational rehabilitation referral, an economically disadvantaged youth, an economically disadvantaged veteran, a supplemental security income recipient, a general assistance recipient, an economically disadvantaged ex-convict, a qualified summer youth employee, as defined in 26 USC 51 (d) (7), a dislocated worker, as defined in 29 USC 2801 (9), or a food stamp recipient, if the person has been certified in the manner under sub. (2dj) (am) 3. by a designated local agency, as defined in sub. (2dj) (am) 2.

AB40-ASA1,1335 Section 1335. 71.07 (2dx) (b) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,721,2 71.07 (2dx) (b) 2. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (b) or s. 560.785 (1) (b), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) or the subsidies and reimbursements paid under s. 49.147 (3m) (c) for those jobs.

AB40-ASA1,1336 Section 1336. 71.07 (2dx) (b) 3. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,721,8 71.07 (2dx) (b) 3. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) or the subsidies and reimbursements paid under s. 49.147 (3m) (c) for those jobs.

AB40-ASA1,1337 Section 1337. 71.07 (2dx) (b) 4. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,721,17 71.07 (2dx) (b) 4. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (bm) or s. 560.785 (1) (bm), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., excluding jobs for which a credit has been claimed under sub. (2dj), in an enterprise development zone under s. 238.397 or s. 560.797, 2009 stats., and for which significant capital investment was made and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) or the subsidies and reimbursements paid under s. 49.147 (3m) (c) for those jobs.

AB40-ASA1,1338 Section 1338. 71.07 (2dx) (b) 5. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,721,25 71.07 (2dx) (b) 5. The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., excluding jobs for which a credit has been claimed under sub. (2dj), in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) or the subsidies and reimbursements paid under s. 49.147 (3m) (c) for those jobs.

AB40-ASA1,1338b Section 1338b. 71.07 (3h) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,722,8 71.07 (3h) (b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, and before January 1, 2015 2014, for a claimant who produces at least 2,500,000 gallons of biodiesel fuel in this state in the taxable year, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.02, up to the amount of the tax, an amount that is equal to the number of gallons of biodiesel fuel produced by the claimant in this state in the taxable year multiplied by 10 cents.

AB40-ASA1,1338c Section 1338c. 71.07 (3h) (d) of the statutes is renumbered 71.07 (3h) (d) 1.

AB40-ASA1,1338d Section 1338d. 71.07 (3h) (d) 2. of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,722,14 71.07 (3h) (d) 2. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1338e Section 1338e. 71.07 (3n) (a) 2. (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,722,21 71.07 (3n) (a) 2. (intro.) "Dairy farm modernization or expansion" means the construction, the improvement, or the acquisition of buildings or facilities, or the acquisition of equipment, for dairy animal housing, confinement, animal feeding, milk production, or waste management, including the following, if used exclusively related to dairy animals and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2003, and before January 1, 2017 2014:

AB40-ASA1,1338f Section 1338f. 71.07 (3n) (a) 5. (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,723,3 71.07 (3n) (a) 5. (intro.) "Livestock farm modernization or expansion" means the construction, the improvement, or the acquisition of buildings or facilities, or the acquisition of equipment, for livestock housing, confinement, feeding, or waste management, including the following, if used exclusively related to livestock and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2017 2014:

AB40-ASA1,1338g Section 1338g. 71.07 (3n) (a) 6. b. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,723,8 71.07 (3n) (a) 6. b. For taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2017 2014, "used exclusively," related to livestock, dairy animals, or both, means used to the exclusion of all other uses except for use not exceeding 5 percent of total use.

AB40-ASA1,1338h Section 1338h. 71.07 (3n) (b) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,723,15 71.07 (3n) (b) 1. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2003, and before January 1, 2017 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under ss. 71.02 and 71.08 an amount equal to 10% of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for dairy farm modernization or expansion related to the operation of the claimant's dairy farm.

AB40-ASA1,1338i Section 1338i. 71.07 (3n) (b) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,723,22 71.07 (3n) (b) 2. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2017 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under ss. 71.02 and 71.08 an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for livestock farm modernization or expansion related to the operation of the claimant's livestock farm.

AB40-ASA1,1338j Section 1338j. 71.07 (3n) (g) of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,724,2 71.07 (3n) (g) No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1338k Section 1338k. 71.07 (3p) (a) 3. (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,724,11 71.07 (3p) (a) 3. (intro.) "Dairy manufacturing modernization or expansion" means constructing, improving, or acquiring buildings or facilities, or acquiring equipment, for dairy manufacturing, including the following, if used exclusively for dairy manufacturing and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2006, and before January 1, 2015 2014, or, in the case of dairy cooperatives, if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2017 2014:

AB40-ASA1,1338L Section 1338L. 71.07 (3p) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,724,19 71.07 (3p) (b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 93.535 or s. 560.207, 2009 stats., except as provided in par. (c) 5., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, and before January 1, 2015 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.02 or 71.08, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for dairy manufacturing modernization or expansion related to the claimant's dairy manufacturing operation.

AB40-ASA1,1338m Section 1338m. 71.07 (3p) (c) 5. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,725,4 71.07 (3p) (c) 5. A claimant who is a member of a dairy cooperative may claim the credit in the year after the year in which the dairy manufacturing modernization or expansion occurs, based on amounts described under par. (b) that are paid by the dairy cooperative, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2018 2014. The amount of the credits computed and not passed through by a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation that has added that amount to the partnership's, company's, or tax-option corporation's income under s. 71.21 (4) or 71.34 (1k) (g) shall be added to a claimant's income in the year in which the cooperative member is allowed to claim the credit.

AB40-ASA1,1338n Section 1338n. 71.07 (3p) (d) 4. of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,725,7 71.07 (3p) (d) 4. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1338p Section 1338p. 71.07 (3r) (a) 3. (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,725,13 71.07 (3r) (a) 3. (intro.) "Meat processing modernization or expansion" means constructing, improving, or acquiring buildings or facilities, or acquiring equipment, for meat processing, including the following, if used exclusively for meat processing and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2017 2014:

AB40-ASA1,1338q Section 1338q. 71.07 (3r) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,725,21 71.07 (3r) (b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 93.545 or s. 560.208, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008, and before January 1, 2017 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.02 or 71.08, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for meat processing modernization or expansion related to the claimant's meat processing operation.

AB40-ASA1,1338r Section 1338r. 71.07 (3r) (d) 3. of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,725,24 71.07 (3r) (d) 3. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1338rb Section 1338rb. 71.07 (3rm) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,726,7 71.07 (3rm) (b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 93.547 or s. 560.209, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2016 2015, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.02 or 71.08, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for equipment that is used primarily to harvest or process woody biomass that is used as fuel or as a component of fuel.

AB40-ASA1,1338rc Section 1338rc. 71.07 (3rm) (d) 3. of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,726,10 71.07 (3rm) (d) 3. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014.

AB40-ASA1,1338s Section 1338s. 71.07 (3rn) (a) 4. (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,726,17 71.07 (3rn) (a) 4. (intro.) "Food processing plant or food warehouse modernization or expansion" means constructing, improving, or acquiring buildings or facilities, or acquiring equipment, for food processing or food warehousing, including the following, if used exclusively for food processing or food warehousing and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2017 2014:

AB40-ASA1,1338t Section 1338t. 71.07 (3rn) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,726,25 71.07 (3rn) (b) Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 93.54 or s. 560.2056, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2017 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under ss. 71.02 and 71.08, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for food processing or food warehousing modernization or expansion related to the operation of the claimant's food processing plant or food warehouse.

AB40-ASA1,1338u Section 1338u. 71.07 (3rn) (d) 3. of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,727,3 71.07 (3rn) (d) 3. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

AB40-ASA1,1339 Section 1339. 71.07 (3w) (b) 1. a. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,727,13 71.07 (3w) (b) 1. a. The number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year, minus the number of full-time employees whose annual wages were greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the area that comprises the enterprise zone in the base year.

AB40-ASA1,1340 Section 1340. 71.07 (3w) (b) 1. b. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,727,23 71.07 (3w) (b) 1. b. The number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the state in the taxable year, minus the number of full-time employees whose annual wages were greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the state in the base year.

AB40-ASA1,1341 Section 1341. 71.07 (3w) (b) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,728,10 71.07 (3w) (b) 2. Determine the claimant's average zone payroll by dividing total wages for full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year by the number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year.

AB40-ASA1,1342 Section 1342. 71.07 (3w) (b) 3. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,728,16 71.07 (3w) (b) 3. For employees in a tier I county or municipality, subtract $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage from the amount determined under subd. 2. and for employees in a tier II county or municipality, subtract $30,000 from the amount determined under subd. 2.

AB40-ASA1,1343 Section 1343. 71.07 (3w) (bm) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

AB40-ASA1,729,6 71.07 (3w) (bm) 2. In addition to the credits under par. (b) and subds. 1., 3., and 4., and subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.02 or 71.08 an amount equal to the percentage, as determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., not to exceed 7 percent, of the claimant's zone payroll paid in the taxable year to all of the claimant's full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than $20,000 the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality, not including the wages paid to the employees determined under par. (b) 1., or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality, not including the wages paid to the employees determined under par. (b) 1., and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year, if the total number of such employees is equal to or greater than the total number of such employees in the base year. A claimant may claim a credit under this subdivision for no more than 5 consecutive taxable years.

AB40-ASA1,1343b Section 1343b. 71.07 (4k) of the statutes is created to read:

AB40-ASA1,729,8 71.07 (4k) Research credit. (a) Definitions. In this subsection:

AB40-ASA1,729,9 1. "Frame" includes:

AB40-ASA1,729,10 a. Every part of a motorcycle, except the tires.

AB40-ASA1,729,12 b. In the case of a truck, the control system and the fuel and drive train, excluding any comfort features located in the cab or the tires.

AB40-ASA1,729,15 c. In the case of a generator, the control modules, fuel train, fuel scrubbing process, fuel mixers, generator, heat exchangers, exhaust train, and similar components.