SB572: Bill Text

SB572,107,22 48.981 (7) (a) 2. Appropriate staff of an agency or a tribal social services child welfare department.

SB572, s. 221 Section 221. 48.981 (7) (a) 10m. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,108,4 48.981 (7) (a) 10m. A tribal court, or other adjudicative body authorized by a tribe or band an Indian tribe to perform child welfare functions, that exercises jurisdiction over children and unborn children alleged to be in need of protection or services for use in proceedings in which abuse or neglect of the child who is the subject of the report or record or abuse of the unborn child who is the subject of the report or record is an issue.

SB572, s. 222 Section 222. 48.981 (7) (a) 10r. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,108,11 48.981 (7) (a) 10r. A tribal court, or other adjudicative body authorized by a tribe or band an Indian tribe to perform child welfare functions, that exercises jurisdiction over children alleged to be in need of protection or services for use in proceedings in which an issue is the substantial risk of abuse or neglect of a child who, during the time period covered by the report or record, was in the home of the child who is the subject of the report or record.

SB572, s. 223 Section 223. 48.981 (7) (a) 11m. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,108,16 48.981 (7) (a) 11m. An attorney representing the interests of an Indian tribe or band in proceedings under subd. 10m. or 10r., of an Indian child in proceedings under subd. 10m. or 10r. or of an Indian unborn child in proceedings under subd. 10m.

SB572, s. 224 Section 224. 48.981 (7) (am) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,108,20 48.981 (7) (am) Notwithstanding par. (a) (intro.), a tribal agent who receives notice under sub. (3) (bm) may disclose the notice to a tribal social services child welfare department.

SB572, s. 225 Section 225. 48.981 (8) (a) of the statutes, as affected by 2007 Wisconsin Act 20, is amended to read:

SB572,109,17 48.981 (8) (a) The department, the county departments, and a licensed child welfare agency under contract with the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more to the extent feasible shall conduct continuing education and training programs for staff of the department, the county departments, licensed child welfare agencies under contract with the department or a county department, law enforcement agencies, and the tribal social services child welfare departments, persons and officials required to report, the general public, and others as appropriate. The programs shall be designed to encourage reporting of child abuse and neglect and of unborn child abuse, to encourage self-reporting and voluntary acceptance of services and to improve communication, cooperation, and coordination in the identification, prevention, and treatment of child abuse and neglect and of unborn child abuse. Programs provided for staff of the department, county departments, and licensed child welfare agencies under contract with county departments or the department whose responsibilities include the investigation or treatment of child abuse or neglect shall also be designed to provide information on means of recognizing and appropriately responding to domestic abuse, as defined in s. 49.165 (1) (a). The department, the county departments, and a licensed child welfare agency under contract with the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more shall develop public information programs about child abuse and neglect and about unborn child abuse.

SB572, s. 226 Section 226. 48.983 (1) (b) 1. b. of the statutes, as affected by 2007 Wisconsin Act 20, is amended to read:

SB572,109,24 48.983 (1) (b) 1. b. An Indian child who has been the subject of a report under s. 48.981 about which an Indian tribe that has received a grant under this section has received notice, including but not limited to notice provided to a tribal agent under s. 48.981 (3) (bm), and with respect to whom an individual designated by the Indian tribe has determined that all of the conditions in subd. 2. exist.

SB572, s. 227 Section 227. 48.983 (1) (d) of the statutes, as affected by 2007 Wisconsin Act 20, is repealed.

SB572, s. 228 Section 228. 48.983 (1) (e) of the statutes, as affected by 2007 Wisconsin Act 20, is repealed.

SB572, s. 229 Section 229. 48.983 (1) (h) of the statutes, as affected by 2007 Wisconsin Act 20, is repealed.

SB572, s. 230 Section 230. 806.245 (1m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,110,12 806.245 (1m) The public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of any Indian tribe that are applicable to an Indian child custody proceeding, as defined in s. 48.028 (2) (d), or an Indian juvenile child custody proceeding, as defined in s. 938.028 (2) (b), shall be given full faith and credit by the state as provided in s. 48.028 (3) (f) or 938.028 (3) (f).

SB572, s. 231 Section 231. 822.015 of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,110,19 822.015 Custody of Indian children. The Indian child welfare act federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1911 to 1963, supersedes the provisions of this chapter in any child custody proceeding governed by that act, except that in any case in which this chapter provides a higher standard of protection for the rights of an Indian child's parent or Indian custodian than the rights provided under that act, the court shall apply the standard under this chapter.

SB572, s. 232 Section 232. 938.02 (8d) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,110,23 938.02 (8d) "Indian" means any person who is a member of an Indian tribe or who is an Alaska native and a member of a regional corporation, as defined in 43 USC 1606.

SB572, s. 233 Section 233. 938.02 (8g) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,111,2 938.02 (8g) "Indian juvenile" means an unmarried person who is under 18 years of age and who is affiliated with an Indian tribe in any of the following ways:

SB572,111,3 (a) As a member of the Indian tribe.

SB572,111,5 (b) As a person who is eligible for membership in the Indian tribe and is the biological child of a member of the Indian tribe.

SB572, s. 234 Section 234. 938.02 (8m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,111,7 938.02 (8m) "Indian juvenile's tribe" means one of the following:

SB572,111,9 (a) The Indian tribe in which an Indian juvenile is a member or eligible for membership.

SB572,111,12 (b) In the case of an Indian juvenile who is a member of or eligible for membership in more than one tribe, the Indian tribe with which the Indian juvenile has the more significant contacts.

SB572, s. 235 Section 235. 938.02 (8p) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,111,17 938.02 (8p) "Indian custodian" means an Indian person who has legal custody of an Indian juvenile under tribal law or custom or under state law or to whom temporary physical care, custody, and control has been transferred by the parent of the juvenile.

SB572, s. 236 Section 236. 938.02 (8r) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,111,22 938.02 (8r) "Indian tribe" means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community of Indians that is recognized as eligible for the services provided to Indians by the U.S. secretary of the interior because of Indian status, including any Alaska native village, as defined in 43 USC 1602 (c).

SB572, s. 237 Section 237. 938.02 (9m) of the statutes is renumbered 938.02 (8b).

SB572, s. 238 Section 238. 938.02 (10m) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,112,5 938.02 (10m) "Juvenile", when used without further qualification, means a person who is less than 18 years of age, except that for purposes of investigating or prosecuting a person who is alleged to have violated a state or federal criminal law or any civil law or municipal ordinance, "juvenile" does not include a person who has attained 17 years of age.

SB572, s. 239 Section 239. 938.02 (12m) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,112,10 938.02 (12m) "Off-reservation trust land" means land in this state that is held in trust by the federal government for the benefit of a an Indian tribe or an American Indian individual and that is located outside the boundaries of a an Indian tribe's reservation.

SB572, s. 240 Section 240. 938.02 (13) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,112,22 938.02 (13) "Parent" means either a biological parent, a husband who has consented to the artificial insemination of his wife under s. 891.40, or a parent by adoption. If the juvenile is a nonmarital child who is not adopted or whose parents do not subsequently intermarry under s. 767.803, "parent" includes a person acknowledged under s. 767.805 or a substantially similar law of another state or adjudicated to be the biological father. "Parent" does not include any person whose parental rights have been terminated. For purposes of the application of s. 938.028 and the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 26 USC 1901 to 1963, "parent" includes an Indian person who has lawfully adopted an Indian juvenile, including an adoption under tribal law or custom, but does not include a parent by adoption who is not an Indian person.

SB572, s. 241 Section 241. 938.02 (15) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB572,113,7 938.02 (15) "Relative" means a parent, stepparent, brother, sister, stepbrother, stepsister, half brother, half sister, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, first cousin, 2nd cousin, nephew, niece, uncle, aunt, stepuncle, stepaunt, or any person of a preceding generation as denoted by the prefix of grand, great, or great-great, whether by blood, marriage, or legal adoption, or the spouse of any person named in this subsection, even if the marriage is terminated by death or divorce. "Relative" also includes, in the case of an Indian juvenile, an extended family member, as defined in s. 938.028 (2) (a), whether by blood, marriage, or adoption, including adoption under tribal law or custom.

SB572, s. 242 Section 242. 938.02 (15c) of the statutes is repealed and recreated to read:

SB572,113,13 938.02 (15c) "Reservation" means Indian country, as defined in 18 USC 1151, or any land not covered under that section to which the title is either held by the United States in trust for the benefit of an Indian tribe or individual or held by an Indian tribe or individual, subject to a restriction by the United States against alienation.

SB572, s. 243 Section 243. 938.02 (18g) of the statutes is repealed.

SB572, s. 244 Section 244. 938.02 (18j) of the statutes is created to read:

SB572,113,20 938.02 (18j) "Tribal court" means a court that has jurisdiction over juvenile custody proceedings, and that is either a court of Indian offenses or a court established and operated under the code or custom of an Indian tribe, or any other administrative body of an Indian tribe that is vested with authority over Indian juvenile custody proceedings.

SB572, s. 245 Section 245. 938.028 of the statutes is repealed and recreated to read:

SB572,113,25 938.028 Indian juvenile welfare. (1) Declaration of policy. In Indian juvenile custody proceedings, the best interests of the Indian juvenile shall be determined consistent with the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963. It is the policy of this state to do all of the following:

SB572,114,2 (a) Cooperate fully with Indian tribes in order to ensure that the federal Indian Child Welfare Act is enforced in this state.

SB572,114,4 (b) Protect the best interests of Indian juveniles and promote the stability and security of Indian tribes and families by doing all of the following:

SB572,114,7 1. Establishing minimum standards for the removal of Indian juveniles from their families and the placement of those juveniles in out-of-home care placements that will reflect the unique value of Indian culture.

SB572,114,15 2. Using practices, in accordance with the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963, this section, and other applicable law, that are designed to prevent the voluntary or involuntary out-of-home care placement of Indian juveniles and, when an out-of-home care placement is necessary, placing an Indian juvenile in a placement that reflects the unique values of the Indian juvenile's tribal culture and that is best able to assist the Indian juvenile in establishing, developing, and maintaining a political, cultural, and social relationship with the Indian juvenile's tribe and tribal community.

SB572,114,16 (2) Definitions. In this section:

SB572,114,21 (a) "Extended family member" means a person who is defined as a member of an Indian juvenile's extended family by the law or custom of the Indian juvenile's tribe or, in the absence of such a law or custom, a person who has attained the age of 18 years and who is the Indian juvenile's grandparent, aunt, uncle, brother, sister, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, niece, nephew, first cousin, 2nd cousin, or stepparent.

SB572,114,24 (b) "Indian juvenile custody proceeding" means a proceeding under s. 938.13 (4), (6), (6m), or (7) that is governed by the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963, in which an out-of-home care placement may occur.

SB572,115,6 (c) "Out-of-home care placement" means the removal of an Indian juvenile from his or her parent or Indian custodian for temporary placement in a foster home, treatment foster home, group home, residential care center for children and youth, or shelter care facility, in the home of a relative other than a parent, or in the home of a guardian, from which placement the parent or Indian custodian cannot have the juvenile returned upon demand.

SB572,115,7 (d) "Qualified expert witness" means a person who is any of the following:

SB572,115,10 1. A member of the Indian juvenile's tribe recognized by the Indian juvenile's tribal community as knowledgeable regarding the tribe's customs relating to family organization or child-rearing practices.

SB572,115,12 2. A member of another tribe who is knowledgeable regarding the customs of the Indian juvenile's tribe relating to family organization or child-rearing practices.

SB572,115,16 3. A professional person having substantial education and experience in the person's professional speciality and having extensive knowledge of the customs, traditions, and values of the Indian juvenile's tribe relating to family organization and child-rearing practices.

SB572,115,19 4. A layperson having substantial experience in the delivery of juvenile and family services to Indians and substantial knowledge of the prevailing social and cultural standards and child-rearing practices of the Indian juvenile's tribe.

SB572,116,4 (3) Jurisdiction over Indian juvenile custody proceedings. (a) Applicability. This section and the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963, apply to any Indian juvenile custody proceeding regardless of whether the Indian juvenile is in the legal custody or physical custody of an Indian parent, Indian custodian, extended family member, or other person at the commencement of the proceeding and whether the Indian juvenile resides or is domiciled on or off of a reservation. A court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under this chapter may not determine whether this section and the federal Indian Child Welfare Act, 25 USC 1901 to 1963, apply to an Indian juvenile custody proceeding based on whether the Indian juvenile is part of an existing Indian family.

SB572,116,11 (b) Exclusive tribal jurisdiction. 1. An Indian tribe shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any Indian juvenile custody proceeding involving an Indian juvenile who resides or is domiciled within the reservation of the tribe, except when that jurisdiction is otherwise vested in the state by federal law and except as provided in subd. 2. If an Indian juvenile is a ward of a tribal court, the Indian tribe shall retain exclusive jurisdiction regardless of the residence or domicile of the juvenile.

SB572,116,22 2. Subdivision 1. does not prevent an Indian juvenile who resides or is domiciled within a reservation, but who is temporarily located off the reservation, from being taken into and held in custody under ss. 938.19 to 938.21 in order to prevent imminent physical harm or damage to the Indian juvenile. The person taking the Indian juvenile into custody or the intake worker shall immediately release the Indian juvenile from custody upon determining that holding the Indian juvenile in custody is no longer necessary to prevent imminent physical damage or harm to the Indian juvenile and shall expeditiously restore the Indian juvenile to his or her parent or Indian custodian, release the Indian juvenile to an appropriate official of the Indian juvenile's tribe, or initiate an Indian juvenile custody proceeding, as may be appropriate.

SB572,117,3 (c) Transfer of proceedings to tribe. In any Indian juvenile custody proceeding under this chapter involving an out-of-home placement of an Indian juvenile who is not residing or domiciled within the reservation of the Indian juvenile's tribe, the court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under this chapter shall, upon the petition of the Indian juvenile's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe, transfer the proceeding to the jurisdiction of the tribe unless any of the following applies:

SB572,117,4 1. A parent of the Indian juvenile objects to the transfer.

SB572,117,6 2. The Indian juvenile's tribe does not have a tribal court or tribal court of the Indian juvenile's tribe declines jurisdiction.

SB572,117,9 3. The court determines that good cause exists to deny the transfer. The court may determine that good cause exists to deny the transfer only if the person opposing the transfer shows to the satisfaction of the court any of the following:

SB572,117,10 a. That the Indian juvenile is 12 years of age or over and objects to the transfer.

SB572,117,17 b. That the evidence or testimony necessary to decide the case cannot be presented in tribal court without undue hardship to the parties or the witnesses and that the tribal court is unable to mitigate the hardship by making arrangements to receive the evidence or testimony by use of telephone or live audiovisual means, by hearing the evidence or testimony at a location that is convenient to the parties and witnesses, or by use of other means permissible under the tribal court's rules of evidence.

SB572,118,2 (d) Declination of jurisdiction. If the court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under this chapter determines that the petitioner in an Indian juvenile custody proceeding has improperly removed the Indian juvenile from the custody of his or her parent or Indian custodian or has improperly retained custody of the Indian juvenile after a visit or other temporary relinquishment of custody, the court shall decline jurisdiction over the petition and immediately return the Indian juvenile to the custody of the parent or Indian custodian, unless the court determines that returning the Indian juvenile to his or her parent or Indian custodian would subject the Indian juvenile to substantial and immediate danger or the threat of that danger.

SB572,118,4 (e) Intervention. An Indian juvenile's Indian custodian or tribe may intervene at any point in an Indian juvenile custody proceeding under this chapter.

SB572,118,9 (f) Full faith and credit. The state shall give full faith and credit to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of any Indian tribe that are applicable to an Indian juvenile custody proceeding to the same extent that the state gives full faith and credit to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of any other governmental entity.

SB572,118,25 (4) Court proceedings. (a) Notice. In any involuntary proceeding under s. 938.13 (4), (6), (6m), or (7) involving the out-of-home care placement of a juvenile whom the court knows or has reason to know is an Indian juvenile, the court or party seeking the out-of-home care placement shall, for the first hearing at the plea, fact-finding, and dispositional stages of the proceeding, notify the Indian juvenile's parent, Indian custodian, and tribe, by certified mail of the pending proceeding and of their right to intervene in the proceeding. Notice of subsequent hearings in a stage of a proceeding shall be in writing and may be given by mail, personal delivery, or facsimile transmission, but not by electronic mail. If the identity or location of the Indian juvenile's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe cannot be determined, that notice shall be given to the U.S. secretary of the interior in like manner. The next hearing in the proceeding may not be held until at least 10 days after receipt of the notice by the parent, Indian custodian, and tribe or until at least 25 days after receipt of the notice by the U.S. secretary of the interior. On request of the parent, Indian custodian, or tribe, the court shall grant a continuance of up to 20 additional days to enable the requester to prepare for that hearing.

SB572,119,8 (b) Appointment of counsel. Whenever an Indian juvenile is the subject of a proceeding under s. 938.13 (4), (6), (6m), or (7) involving the removal of the Indian juvenile from his or her home or the placement of the Indian juvenile in an out-of-home care placement, the Indian juvenile's parent or Indian custodian shall have the right to be represented by court-appointed counsel as provided in s. 938.23 (2g). The court may also, in its discretion, appoint counsel for the Indian juvenile under s. 938.23 (1m) or (3) if the court finds that the appointment is in the best interests of the Indian juvenile.

SB572,119,13 (c) Examination of reports and other documents. Each party to a proceeding under s. 938.13 (4), (6), (6m), or (7) involving the out-of-home care placement of an Indian juvenile shall have the right to examine all reports or other documents filed with the court upon which any decision with respect to the out-of-home care placement may be based.

SB572,119,17 (d) Out-of-home care placement; serious damage and active efforts. The court may not order an Indian juvenile who is in need of protection or services under s. 938.13 (4), (6), (6m), or (7) to be removed from the Indian juvenile's home and placed in an out-of-home care placement unless all of the following occur:

SB572,119,21 1. The court finds by clear and convincing evidence, including the testimony of one or more qualified expert witnesses chosen in the order of preference listed in par. (e), that continued custody of the Indian juvenile by the parent or Indian custodian is likely to result in serious emotional or physical damage to the juvenile.

SB572,120,2 2. The court finds by clear and convincing evidence that active efforts, as described in par. (f), have been made to provide remedial services and rehabilitation programs designed to prevent the breakup of the Indian family and that those efforts have proved unsuccessful. The court shall make that finding notwithstanding that a circumstance specified in s. 938.355 (2d) (b) 1. to 4. applies.

SB572,120,4 (e) Qualified expert witness; order of preference. A qualified expert witness shall be chosen in the following order of preference:

SB572,120,5 1. A member of the Indian juvenile's tribe described in sub. (2) (d) 1.

SB572,120,6 2. A member of another tribe described in sub. (2) (d) 2.

SB572,120,7 3. A professional person described in sub. (2) (d) 3.

SB572,120,8 4. A layperson described described in sub. (2) (d) 4.

SB572,120,19 (f) Active efforts standard. The court may not order an Indian juvenile to be placed in an out-of-home care placement unless the evidence of active efforts under par. (d) 2. shows that there has been a vigorous and concerted level of case work beyond the level that typically constitutes reasonable efforts, as described in s. 938.355 (2c). The active efforts shall be made in a manner that takes into account the prevailing social and cultural values, conditions, and way of life of the Indian juvenile's tribe and that utilizes the available resources of the Indian juvenile's tribe, tribal and other Indian child welfare agencies, extended family members of the Indian juvenile, and other individual Indian caregivers. The court's consideration of whether active efforts were made under par. (d) 2. shall include whether all of the following activities were conducted:

SB572,120,21 1. The Indian juvenile's tribe was requested to convene traditional and customary support, actions, and services to resolve the Indian family's issues.

SB572,120,24 2. Representatives of the Indian juvenile's tribe were identified, notified, and invited to participate in all aspects of the Indian juvenile custody proceeding at the earliest possible point in the proceeding.