100.07(6)
(6) Action to enjoin violation of this section may be commenced and prosecuted by the department in the name of the state in any court having equity jurisdiction.
100.12
100.12
Refusal of commission merchant to furnish written statement of transaction prima facie evidence of gambling. 100.12(1)(1) Every person doing business as a commission merchant or broker shall furnish, upon demand, to any person for whom he or she has executed an order for the purchase or sale of a commodity, whether for immediate or future delivery, a written statement containing the following information:
100.12(1)(a)
(a) The name of the party from whom the commodity was bought or to whom it was sold, whichever the case may be; and
100.12(1)(b)
(b) The time when, the place where, and the price at which such commodity was bought or sold.
100.12(2)
(2) Refusal upon demand to furnish the written statement specified in
sub. (1) is prima facie evidence that the purchase or sale of the commodity was not a bona fide business transaction.
100.12(3)
(3) Transactions by or between members of a lawfully constituted chamber of commerce or board of trade which has been organized pursuant to the laws of this state are prima facie valid if they are conducted in accordance with the charter of such chamber of commerce or board of trade and the rules, bylaws and regulations adopted thereunder.
100.12 History
History: 1993 a. 492.
100.14
100.14
Uniform labels and trademarks. 100.14(1)
(1) The department may adopt uniform labels and trademarks for brands of Wisconsin products and shall, upon request, permit the use of such labels and trademarks by any person engaged in the production or distribution of products who complies with regulations issued by the department for the use of such labels or trademarks.
100.14(2)
(2) The secretary of state shall, upon application of the department, record any such label or trademark under
ss. 132.01 to
132.11. The department shall be entitled to protect such label or trademark under said sections and in any other manner authorized by law.
100.15
100.15
Regulation of trading stamps. 100.15(1)
(1) No person may use, issue or furnish within this state, in connection with the sale of any goods, any trading stamp or similar device, which entitles the purchaser to procure anything of value in exchange for the trading stamp or similar device.
100.15(3)
(3) This section does not apply to:
100.15(3)(a)
(a) Stamps, tokens, tickets, or similar devices, without any stated cash value, if such stamps, tokens, tickets, or similar devices are redeemable only in payment for parking privileges for automobiles or fares on urban passenger transit facilities.
100.15(3)(b)
(b) A person who issues a trading stamp or other similar device, with the sale of any goods, which bears upon its face a stated cash value and is redeemable in cash upon presentation in amounts aggregating 25 cents or over of redemption value, or in merchandise at the option of the holder.
100.15(3)(c)
(c) The publication by or distribution through newspapers, or other publications, of coupons in advertisements other than their own.
100.15(3)(d)
(d) A coupon, certificate or similar device, which is within, attached to, or a part of any package or container as packed by the original manufacturer and is directly redeemed by such manufacturer.
100.15(3)(e)
(e) A coupon, certificate or similar device, which is within, attached to, or a part of any package or container as packed by the original manufacturer or retailer and which is to be redeemed by a retailer or another manufacturer if:
100.15(3)(e)1.
1. The coupon, certificate or similar device clearly states the names and addresses of both the issuing manufacturer or retailer and any redeeming manufacturer; and
100.15(3)(e)2.
2. The issuing manufacturer or retailer is responsible to redeem the coupon, certificate or similar device if the redeeming retailer or manufacturer fails to do so.
100.15(3)(f)
(f) A coupon, ticket, certificate, card or similar device issued, distributed or furnished by a retailer and redeemed by that retailer for any product or service the retailer sells or provides in the usual course of business. Redemption under this paragraph shall be made by the issuing retail outlet on request of the customer, and may be made by any other retail outlet operating under the same business name.
100.15(3)(g)
(g) An entry blank or game piece redeemed for merchandise in a chance promotion exempt under
s. 100.16 (2).
100.16
100.16
Selling with pretense of prize; in-pack chance promotion exception. 100.16(1)(1) No person shall sell or offer to sell anything whatever, by the representation or pretense that a sum of money or something of value, which is uncertain or concealed, is inclosed within or may be found with or named upon the thing sold, or that will be given to the purchaser in addition to the thing sold, or by any representation, pretense or device, by which the purchaser is informed or induced to believe that money or something else of value may be won or drawn by chance by reason of such sale.
100.16(2)
(2) This section does not apply to an in-pack chance promotion if all of the following are met:
100.16(2)(a)
(a) Participation is available, free and without purchase of the package, from the retailer or by mail or toll-free telephone request to the sponsor for entry or for a game piece.
100.16(2)(b)
(b) The label of the promotional package and any related advertising clearly states any method of participation and the scheduled termination date of the promotion.
100.16(2)(c)
(c) The sponsor on request provides a retailer with a supply of entry forms or game pieces adequate to permit free participation in the promotion by the retailer's customers.
100.16(2)(d)
(d) The sponsor does not misrepresent a participant's chances of winning any prize.
100.16(2)(e)
(e) The sponsor randomly distributes all game pieces and maintains records of random distribution for at least one year after the termination date of the promotion.
100.16(2)(f)
(f) All prizes are randomly awarded if game pieces are not used in the promotion.
100.16(2)(g)
(g) The sponsor provides on request of a state agency a record of the names and addresses of all winners of prizes valued at $100 or more, if the request is made within one year after the termination date of the promotion.
100.16 History
History: 1981 c. 351.
100.16 Annotation
Plan whereby soft drink company would include coupon for Wisconsin lottery ticket with specified purchases and customer could redeem coupon for lottery ticket at retail lottery outlet would violate this section.
77 Atty. Gen. 303.
100.17
100.17
Guessing contests. No person or persons or corporations in their own name or under any assumed trade name, with intent to defraud, shall advertise or represent in printing or writing of any nature, any enigma, guessing or puzzle contest, offering to the participants therein any premium, prize or certificate entitling the recipient to a credit upon the purchase of merchandise in any form whatsoever; nor shall any person or corporation in the printing or writing, advertising or setting forth any such contests, fail to state definitely the nature of the prizes so offered; nor shall any person or corporation fail to state clearly upon all evidences of value issued as a result of such contest in the form of credit certificates, credit bonds, coupons, or other evidences of credit in any form whatsoever, whether the same are redeemable in money or are of value only as a credit upon the purchase of merchandise; nor shall any person or corporation issue to any person as a result of any such contest, any instrument in the form of a bank check or bank draft or promissory note or any colorable imitation of any of the foregoing; nor shall any person or corporation refuse or fail to award and grant the specific prizes offered to the persons determined to be entitled thereto under the terms of such contest, or fail to redeem any credit certificate, credit bonds, coupons or other evidences of credit issued as a result of any such contest, according to the terms thereof.
100.18
100.18
Fraudulent representations. 100.18(1)
(1) No person, firm, corporation or association, or agent or employe thereof, with intent to sell, distribute, increase the consumption of or in any wise dispose of any real estate, merchandise, securities, employment, service, or anything offered by such person, firm, corporation or association, or agent or employe thereof, directly or indirectly, to the public for sale, hire, use or other distribution, or with intent to induce the public in any manner to enter into any contract or obligation relating to the purchase, sale, hire, use or lease of any real estate, merchandise, securities, employment or service, shall make, publish, disseminate, circulate, or place before the public, or cause, directly or indirectly, to be made, published, disseminated, circulated, or placed before the public, in this state, in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, or in the form of a book, notice, handbill, poster, bill, circular, pamphlet, letter, sign, placard, card, label, or over any radio or television station, or in any other way similar or dissimilar to the foregoing, an advertisement, announcement, statement or representation of any kind to the public relating to such purchase, sale, hire, use or lease of such real estate, merchandise, securities, service or employment or to the terms or conditions thereof, which advertisement, announcement, statement or representation contains any assertion, representation or statement of fact which is untrue, deceptive or misleading.
100.18(2)(a)(a) In advertising or otherwise representing the sale or furnishing of any property or services combined with or conditioned on the purchase of any other property or services described in such advertisement or other representation, it is deceptive for a retailer to:
100.18(2)(a)1.
1. Fail to state the price or amount which must be paid for the property or services included in such sale, along with any other condition to the receipt of such property or services, if the advertisement or representation does not refer to the price of the property or services as the "regular price". The price or amount which must be paid shall be set forth clearly, conspicuously and in such manner that the total price or amount to be paid may be readily ascertained.
100.18(2)(a)2.
2. Sell the property or services at more than the regular price or fail to state any other condition to the receipt of the property or services included in the sale, if the advertisement or representation refers to the price of the property or services as the "regular price".
100.18(2)(a)3.
3. Mark up the regular price of the property or services which must be purchased.
100.18(2)(a)4.
4. Substitute property or services of inferior value or quality for the property or services which must be purchased.
100.18(2)(b)
(b) This subsection does not apply to advertisements or representations concerning custom-made property.
100.18(2)(c)
(c) In this subsection, "regular price" means the lowest price for the same quantity and quality of product or the same services, at which the seller or advertiser of the product or services openly and actively sold the product or services in the geographic trade area of the advertisement or representation during the seller's or advertiser's most recent and regular 30-day course of business.
100.18(3)
(3) It shall be deemed deceptive advertising, within the meaning of this section, for any person, firm or corporation, engaged in the business of buying or selling new or secondhand furs, wearing apparel, jewelry, furniture, pianos, phonographs, or other musical instruments, motor vehicles, stocks, or generally any form of property, real, personal or mixed, or in the business of furnishing any kind of service or investment, to advertise such articles, property or service for sale or purchase, in any manner indicating that the sale or purchase is being made by a private party or householder not engaged in such business. And every such firm, corporation or association, engaged in any such business, in advertising goods, property or service for sale or purchase, shall affirmatively and unmistakably indicate and state that the seller or purchaser is a business concern and not a private party.
100.18(3m)
(3m) It is deceptive advertising to represent the retailing of merchandise to be a selling-out or closing-out sale if the merchandise is not of a bankrupt, insolvent, assignee, liquidator, adjuster, administrator, trustee, executor, receiver, wholesaler, jobber, manufacturer, or of any business that is in liquidation, that is closing out, closing or disposing of its stock, that has lost its lease or has been or is being forced out of business or that is disposing of stock on hand because of damage by fire, water or smoke. This subsection does not apply to any "closing-out sale" of seasonable merchandise or any merchandise having a designated model year if the person conducting the sale is continuing in business.
100.18(5)
(5) Any person, firm, corporation or association engaged in any business mentioned in
sub. (3), or in any other kind of business, whether conducting such business in a store, business block, residence or other building, shall at all times keep a conspicuous sign posted on the outside of his or her establishment and another conspicuous sign in the salesroom, which sign shall clearly state the name of the association, corporation or individual who actually owns said merchandise, property or service which is being offered to the public and not the name of any other person; provided, however, that the exterior sign shall not be required where the seller has no control over the exterior of the premises where such business is conducted.
100.18(6)
(6) All advertising which shows or in any manner relates to the price at which motor fuel is offered for sale at retail, except multiple gallon computers attached to or forming a part of any dispensing equipment shall show only (a) the single gallon unit price including all applicable taxes in one amount or (b) the single gallon product price, the taxes applicable thereto, and the total single gallon unit price including all applicable taxes. In any such advertising, all numerals which represent either price or taxes shall be of the same type and size except that fractions of a cent shall be shown in figures one-half the height, width and prominence of the whole numbers.
100.18(8)
(8) Every wholesaler and every other person selling or distributing motor fuel in this state shall keep posted in a conspicuous place, most accessible to the public at his or her place of business, and on every pump from which delivery is made directly into the fuel tank attached to a motor vehicle, a placard showing the net selling price per gallon of all grades of motor fuel and the amount of all taxes per gallon thereon. On pumps or other dispensing equipment from which motor fuel is sold and delivered directly into fuel supply tanks attached to motor vehicles, such posting shall be in figures not less than one inch high, except that no such placard shall be required on a computer pump whereon the total net selling price per gallon including all taxes is legibly shown on its face. Except for sales to drivers of motor vehicles used by physically disabled persons under
s. 134.85 (5), all sales shall be made at the posted price. Delivery slips shall also show the net selling price per gallon of all grades of motor fuel and the amount of all taxes per gallon thereon. If the wholesaler or person has more than one place of business in this state, the wholesaler or person shall post that placard at all of his or her places of business. All prices posted shall remain in effect for at least 24 hours after they are posted. It shall be considered deceptive advertising to advertise or represent in any manner the price of motor fuel offered for sale at retail to be less than the price so posted on each pump.
100.18(9)(a)(a) It is deemed deceptive advertising, within the meaning of this section, for any person or any agent or employe thereof to make, publish, disseminate, circulate or place before the public in this state in a newspaper or other publication or in the form of book, notice, handbill, poster, bill, circular, pamphlet, letter, sign, placard, card, label or over any radio or television station or in any other way similar or dissimilar to the foregoing, an advertisement, announcement, statement or representation of any kind to the public relating to the purchase, sale, hire, use or lease of real estate, merchandise, securities, service or employment or to the terms or conditions thereof which advertisement, announcement, statement or representation is part of a plan or scheme the purpose or effect of which is not to sell, purchase, hire, use or lease the real estate, merchandise, securities, service or employment as advertised.
100.18(9)(b)
(b) This section does not apply to the owner, publisher, printer, agent or employe of a newspaper or other publication, periodical or circular, or of a radio or television station, who in good faith and without knowledge of the falsity or deceptive character thereof, publishes, causes to be published or takes part in the publication of such advertisement.
100.18(9m)
(9m) It is deemed deceptive advertising to misrepresent the nature of a local energy resource system under
s. 101.175.
100.18(10)(a)(a) It is deceptive to misrepresent the nature of any business by use of the words manufacturer, factory, mill, importer, wholesaler or words of similar meaning, in a corporate or trade name or otherwise.
100.18(10)(b)
(b) It is deceptive to represent the price of any merchandise as a manufacturer's or wholesaler's price, or a price equal thereto, unless the price is not more than the price which retailers regularly pay for the merchandise. The effective date of this subsection shall be January 1, 1962.
100.18(10m)
(10m) It is deceptive or misleading advertising for a person who sells new motor vehicles to compare new motor vehicle selling prices, including the offered prices or the actual sale prices, to the manufacturer's suggested retail price for that vehicle unless it is clearly and conspicuously disclosed that the latter price is a manufacturer's suggested retail price and may not represent actual sale prices.
100.18(11)(a)(a) The department of agriculture, trade and consumer protection shall enforce this section. Actions to enjoin violation of this section or any regulations thereunder may be commenced and prosecuted by the department in the name of the state in any court having equity jurisdiction. This remedy is not exclusive.
100.18(11)(b)2.2. Any person suffering pecuniary loss because of a violation of this section by any other person may sue in any court of competent jurisdiction and shall recover such pecuniary loss, together with costs, including reasonable attorney fees, except that no attorney fees may be recovered from a person licensed under
ch. 452 while that person is engaged in real estate practice, as defined in
s. 452.01 (6). Any person suffering pecuniary loss because of a violation by any other person of any injunction issued under this section may sue for damages therefor in any court of competent jurisdiction and shall recover twice the amount of such pecuniary loss, together with costs, including reasonable attorney fees, except that no attorney fees may be recovered from a person licensed under
ch. 452 while that person is engaged in real estate practice, as defined in
s. 452.01 (6).
100.18(11)(b)3.
3. No action may be commenced under this section more than 3 years after the occurrence of the unlawful act or practice which is the subject of the action. No injunction may be issued under this section which would conflict with general or special orders of the department or any statute, rule or regulation of the United States or of this state.
100.18(11)(c)1.1. Whenever the department has reason to believe that a person is in possession, custody or control of any information or documentary material relevant to the enforcement of this section it may require that person to submit a statement or report, under oath or otherwise, as to the facts and circumstances concerning any activity in the course of trade or commerce; examine under oath that person with respect to any activity in the course of trade or commerce; and execute in writing and cause to be served upon such person a civil investigative demand requiring the person to produce any relevant documentary material for inspection and copying.
100.18(11)(c)2.
2. The department, in exercising powers under this subsection, may issue subpoenas, administer oaths and conduct hearings to aid in any investigation.
100.18(11)(c)3.
3. Service of any notice by the department requiring a person to file a statement or report, or service of a subpoena upon a person, or service of a civil investigative demand shall be made in compliance with the rules of civil procedure of this state.
100.18(11)(c)4.
4. If a person fails to file any statement or report, or fails to comply with any civil investigative demand, or fails to obey any subpoena issued by the department, such person may be coerced as provided in
s. 885.12, except that no person shall be required to furnish any testimony or evidence under this subsection which might tend to incriminate the person.
100.18(11)(d)
(d) The department or the department of justice, after consulting with the department, or any district attorney, upon informing the department, may commence an action in circuit court in the name of the state to restrain by temporary or permanent injunction any violation of this section. The court may in its discretion, prior to entry of final judgment, make such orders or judgments as may be necessary to restore to any person any pecuniary loss suffered because of the acts or practices involved in the action, provided proof thereof is submitted to the satisfaction of the court. The department and the department of justice may subpoena persons and require the production of books and other documents, and the department of justice may request the department to exercise its authority under
par. (c) to aid in the investigation of alleged violations of this section.
100.18(11)(e)
(e) In lieu of instituting or continuing an action pursuant to this section, the department or the department of justice may accept a written assurance of discontinuance of any act or practice alleged to be a violation of this section from the person who has engaged in such act or practice. The acceptance of such assurance by either the department or the department of justice shall be deemed acceptance by the other state officials enumerated in
par. (d) if the terms of the assurance so provide. An assurance entered into pursuant to this section shall not be considered evidence of a violation of this section, provided that violation of such an assurance shall be treated as a violation of this section, and shall be subjected to all the penalties and remedies provided therefor.
100.18(12)(a)(a) This section does not apply to the insurance business.
100.18(12)(b)
(b) This section does not apply to a person licensed as a broker or salesperson under
s. 452.09 while that person is engaged in real estate practice, as defined in
s. 452.01 (6), unless that person has directly made, published, disseminated, circulated or placed before the public an assertion, representation or statement of fact with the knowledge that the assertion, representation or statement of fact is untrue, deceptive or misleading.
100.18 Cross-reference
Cross-reference: See s.
136.001 (2) concerning future service plans.
100.18 Annotation
Sub. (1) applies to oral representations made in private conversations to prospective purchasers. State v. Automatic Merchandisers, 64 W (2d) 659, 221 NW (2d) 683.
100.18 Annotation
The complaint, alleging deceptive advertising contrary to (1) states a cause of action not only against the corporate defendant but against its officer personally where the complaint's use of the word "continue" indicates reference to both past and future conduct and where use of the word "defendants" refers to both the corporation and its officer. State v. Advance Marketing Consultants, Inc. 66 W (2d) 706, 225 NW (2d) 887.
100.18 Annotation
Sub. (2) is constitutional. State v. Amoco Oil Co. 97 W (2d) 226, 293 NW (2d) 487 (1980).
100.18 Annotation
State may join as party defendant assignee of contracts allegedly obtained by deceptive practices even though assignee did not engage in deception. State v. Excel Management Services, 111 W (2d) 479, 331 NW (2d) 312 (1983).
100.18 Annotation
Consumer is protected from untrue, deceptive or misleading representations made to promote sale of product; advertising need not be involved. Bonn v. Haubrich, 123 W (2d) 168, 366 NW (2d) 503 (Ct. App. 1985).
100.18 Annotation
Subs. (1) and (9) (a) require that complaint do more than merely state incentive to sell more expensive product, it must state instances of prohibited conduct to withstand motion to dismiss. State v. American TV, 146 W (2d) 292, 430 NW (2d) 709 (1988).
100.18 Annotation
Party prevailing on appeal is entitled to reasonable appellate attorney's fees. Radford v. J.J.B. Enterprises, Ltd. 163 W (2d) 534, 472 NW (2d) 790 (Ct. App. 1991).
100.18 Annotation
The statute of limitations under sub. (11) (b) 3. commences at the time of the act or transaction, not at the date of discovery. Skrupky v. Elbert, 189 W (2d) 31, 526 NW (2d) 264 (Ct. App. 1994).
100.18 Annotation
Where plaintiff's claim of negligent representation was fully tried, it was not necessary that a claim under this section should have been pleaded in order for the plaintiff to assert a post-verdict claim for attorney fees under sub (11) (b) 2. Gorton v. American Cyanamid Co. 194 W (2d) 203, 533 NW (2d) 746 (1995).
100.18 Annotation
This section is reasonably geared toward notice and workable precision and is not so imprecise as to be constitutionally vague. Carpets By The Carload, Inc. v. Warren, 368 F Supp. 1075.
100.18 Annotation
One person can constitute "the public" under (1). Jersild v. Aker, 775 F Supp. 1198 (1991).
100.18 Annotation
The protections under this section are not restricted to Wisconsin residents. A cause of action under this section requires actual pecuniary loss and not a mere showing of deception. Demotropoulous v. Bank One Milwaukee, 915 F Supp. 1379 (1996).
