66.0205(1)
(1) Isolated village. Area, one-half square mile; resident population, 150.
66.0205(2)
(2) Isolated city. Area, one square mile; resident population, 1,000; density, at least 500 persons in any one square mile.
66.0205(3)
(3) Metropolitan village. Area, 2 square miles; resident population, 2,500; density, at least 500 persons in any one square mile.
66.0205(4)
(4) Metropolitan city. Area, 3 square miles; resident population, 5,000; density, at least 750 persons in any one square mile.
66.0205(5)
(5) Standards when near 1st, 2nd or 3rd class city. If the proposed boundary of a metropolitan village or city is within 10 miles of the boundary of a 1st class city or 5 miles of a 2nd or 3rd class city, the minimum area requirements are 4 and 6 square miles for villages and cities, respectively.
66.0205 History
History: 1977 c. 29;
1999 a. 150 s.
37; Stats. 1999 s. 66.0205;
2003 a. 171.
66.0205 Annotation
The 4 square mile requirement of sub. (5) was met when 4.2 square miles of village land were proposed for annexation, although 2.5 square miles of that land was within floodway lines. In re Petition of Township of Campbell,
78 Wis. 2d 246,
254 N.W.2d 241 (1977).
66.0207
66.0207
Standards to be applied by the board. 66.0207(1)
(1) The board may approve for referendum only those proposed incorporations which meet the following requirements:
66.0207(1)(a)
(a)
Characteristics of territory. The entire territory of the proposed village or city shall be reasonably homogeneous and compact, taking into consideration natural boundaries, natural drainage basin, soil conditions, present and potential transportation facilities, previous political boundaries, boundaries of school districts, shopping and social customs. An isolated municipality shall have a reasonably developed community center, including some or all features such as retail stores, churches, post office, telecommunications exchange and similar centers of community activity.
66.0207(1)(b)
(b)
Territory beyond the core. The territory beyond the most densely populated one-half square mile specified in
s. 66.0205 (1) or the most densely populated square mile specified in
s. 66.0205 (2) shall have an average of more than 30 housing units per quarter section or an assessed value, as defined in
s. 66.0217 (1) (a) for real estate tax purposes, more than 25% of which is attributable to existing or potential mercantile, manufacturing or public utility uses. The territory beyond the most densely populated square mile as specified in
s. 66.0205 (3) or
(4) shall have the potential for residential or other urban land use development on a substantial scale within the next 3 years. The board may waive these requirements to the extent that water, terrain or geography prevents the development.
66.0207(2)
(2) In addition to complying with each of the applicable standards set forth in
sub. (1) and
s. 66.0205 in order to be approved for referendum, a proposed incorporation must be in the public interest as determined by the board upon consideration of the following:
66.0207(2)(a)
(a)
Tax revenue. The present and potential sources of tax revenue appear sufficient to defray the anticipated cost of governmental services at a local tax rate which compares favorably with the tax rate in a similar area for the same level of services.
66.0207(2)(b)
(b)
Level of services. The level of governmental services desired or needed by the residents of the territory compared to the level of services offered by the proposed village or city and the level available from a contiguous municipality which files a certified copy of a resolution as provided in
s. 66.0203 (6).
66.0207(2)(c)
(c)
Impact on the remainder of the town. The impact, financial and otherwise, upon the remainder of the town from which the territory is to be incorporated.
66.0207(2)(d)
(d)
Impact on the metropolitan community. The effect upon the future rendering of governmental services both inside the territory proposed for incorporation and elsewhere within the metropolitan community. There shall be an express finding that the proposed incorporation will not substantially hinder the solution of governmental problems affecting the metropolitan community.
66.0207 History
History: 1977 c. 29;
1983 a. 189 s.
329 (14);
1985 a. 297 s.
76;
1999 a. 150 s.
38; Stats. 1999 s. 66.0207;
2003 a. 171.
66.0207 Annotation
The delegation of legislative power under sub. (2) (d) is constitutional. Westring v. James,
71 Wis. 2d 462,
238 N.W.2d 695 (1976).
66.0207 Annotation
Incorporation of a town in a metropolitan area is discussed. Pleasant Prairie v. Department of Local Affairs and Development,
113 Wis. 2d 327,
334 N.W.2d 893 (1983).
66.0207 Annotation
That the department approved annexations that helped create fragmented town borders did not render arbitrary and capricious the department's determination that the town's proposed incorporation did not meet the requirement of homogeneity and compactness. Incorporation of the Town of Pewaukee,
186 Wis. 2d 515,
521 N.W.2d 453 (Ct. App. 1994).
66.0207 Annotation
Whether incorporation would benefit the proposed village area is not the standard for allowing incorporation. An area must meet all the requirements of subs. (1) and (2). Walag v. DOA, 2001 WI App 217,
247 Wis. 2d 850,
634 N.W.2d 906,
00-3513.
66.0209
66.0209
Review of incorporation-related orders and decisions. 66.0209(3)
(3) Where a proceeding for judicial review is commenced under
sub. (2), appeal under
sub. (1) may not be taken and the time in which the appeal may be taken does not commence to run until judgment is entered in the proceeding for judicial review.
66.0209(4)
(4) An incorporation referendum ordered by the circuit court under
s. 66.0203 (9) (f) may not be stayed pending the outcome of further litigation, unless the court of appeals or the supreme court, upon an appeal or upon the filing of an original action in the supreme court, concludes that a strong probability exists that the order of the circuit court or the decision of the board will be set aside.
66.0209 History
History: 1977 c. 29,
187; Sup. Ct. Order, 146 Wis. 2d xiii (1988);
1999 a. 150 s.
39; Stats. 1999 s. 66.0209;
2001 a. 103;
2003 a. 171.
66.0209 Annotation
When a petition to incorporate is dismissed due to DOA disapproval, sub. (2) prevents appellate court review prior to judicial review under ch. 227. Petition to Incorporate Powers Lake Village,
171 Wis. 2d 659,
492 N.W.2d 342 (Ct. App. 1992).
66.0211
66.0211
Incorporation referendum procedure. 66.0211(1)(1)
Order. The circuit court's order for an incorporation referendum shall specify the voting place and the date of the referendum, which shall be not less than 6 weeks from the date of the order, and name 3 inspectors of election. If the order is for a city incorporation referendum the order shall further specify that 7 alderpersons shall be elected at large from the proposed city. The city council at its first meeting shall determine the number and boundaries of wards in compliance with
s. 5.15 (1) and
(2), and the combination of wards into aldermanic districts. The number of alderpersons per aldermanic district shall be determined by charter ordinance.
66.0211(2)
(2) Notice of referendum. Notice of the referendum shall be given by publication of the order of the circuit court in a newspaper having general circulation in the territory. Publication shall be once a week for 4 successive weeks. The first publication may not be more than 4 weeks before the referendum.
66.0211(3)
(3) Return. An incorporation referendum shall be conducted in the same manner as an annexation referendum under
s. 66.0217 (7) to the extent applicable except that the ballot shall contain the words "For a city [village]" and "Against a city [village]". The inspectors shall make a return to the circuit court.
66.0211(4)
(4) Costs. If the referendum is against incorporation, the costs of the election shall be borne by the towns involved in the proportion that the number of electors of each town within the territory proposed to be incorporated, voting in the referendum, bears to the total number of electors in the territory voting in the referendum. If the referendum is for a village or city, the costs shall be charged against the municipality in the apportionment of town assets.
66.0211(5)
(5) Certification of incorporation. If a majority of the votes in an incorporation referendum are cast in favor of a village or city, the clerk of the circuit court shall certify the fact to the secretary of state and supply the secretary of state with a copy of a description of the legal boundaries of the village or city and the associated population and a copy of a plat of the village or city. Within 10 days of receipt of the description and plat, the secretary of state shall forward 2 copies to the department of transportation and one copy each to the department of administration, the department of revenue and the department of commerce. The secretary of state shall issue a certificate of incorporation and record the certificate.
66.0211 Annotation
A referendum is effective immediately if the majority of votes are for incorporation. 70 Atty. Gen. 128.
66.0213
66.0213
Powers of new village or city: elections; adjustment of taxes; reorganization as village. 66.0213(1)
(1)
Village or city powers. A village or city incorporated under
ss. 66.0201 to
66.0213 is a body corporate and politic, with powers and privileges of a municipal corporation at common law and conferred by these statutes.
66.0213(2)(a)(a) Ordinances in force in the territory incorporated or any part of the territory, to the extent not inconsistent with
chs. 61 and
62, continue in force until altered or repealed.
66.0213(2)(b)
(b) A county shoreland zoning ordinance enacted under
s. 59.692 that is in force in any part of the territory continues in force until altered under
s. 59.692 (7) (ad).
66.0213(3)
(3) Interim officers. All officers of the village or town embracing the territory that is incorporated as a village or city continue in their powers and duties until the first meeting of the board of trustees or common council at which a quorum is present. Until a village or city clerk is chosen and qualified all oaths of office and other papers shall be filed with the circuit court with which the petition was filed. The court shall deliver the oaths and other papers with the petition to the village or city clerk when that clerk qualifies.
66.0213(4)(a)(a) Within 10 days after incorporation of the village or city, the clerk of the circuit court with whom the petition was filed shall fix a time for the first election, and where appropriate designate the polling place or places, and name 3 inspectors of election for each place. The time for the election shall be fixed no less than 40 nor more than 50 days after the date of the certificate of incorporation issued by the secretary of state, irrespective of any other provision in the statutes. Nomination papers shall conform to
ch. 8 to the extent applicable. Nomination papers shall be signed by not less than 5% nor more than 10% of the total votes cast at the referendum election, and be filed no later than 15 days before the time fixed for the election. Ten days' previous notice of the election shall be given by the clerk of the circuit court by publication in the newspapers selected under
s. 66.0211 (2) and by posting notices in 3 public places in the village or city, but failure to give notice does not invalidate the election.
66.0213(4)(b)
(b) The election shall be conducted as prescribed by
ch. 6, except that no registration of voters may be required. The inspectors shall make returns to the clerk of the circuit court who shall, within one week after the election, canvass the returns and declare the result. The clerk shall notify the officers-elect and issue certificates of election. If the first election is on the first Tuesday in April the officers elected and their appointees shall commence and hold their offices as for a regular term. Otherwise they shall commence within 10 days and hold their offices until the regular village or city election and the qualification of their successors and the terms of their appointees expire as soon as successors qualify.
66.0213(5)
(5) Taxes levied before incorporation; how collected and divided. If a village or city is incorporated after the assessment of taxes in any year and before the collection of the taxes, the tax assessed shall be collected by the town treasurer of the town or the town treasurers of the different towns of which the village or city formerly constituted a part, and all moneys collected from the tax levied for town purposes shall be divided between the village or city and the town or the towns, as provided by
s. 66.0235 (13) (a) 1., for the division of property owned jointly by towns and villages.
66.0213(6)
(6) Reorganization of city as village. If the population of any city falls below 1,000 as determined by the United States census, the council may upon filing of a petition conforming to the requirements of
s. 8.40 containing the signatures of at least 15% of the electors submit at any general or city election the question whether the city shall reorganize as a village. If three-fifths of the votes cast on the question are for reorganization the mayor and council shall record the return in the office of the register of deeds, file a certified copy with the clerk of the circuit court, and immediately call an election, to be conducted as are village elections, for the election of village officers. Upon the qualification of the officers, the board of trustees shall declare the city reorganized as a village, and the reorganization is effective. The clerk shall certify a copy of the declaration to the secretary of state who shall file the declaration and endorse a memorandum of the declaration on the record of the certificate of incorporation of the city. Rights and liabilities of the city continue in favor of or against the village. Ordinances, so far as within the power of the village, remain in force until changed.
66.0215
66.0215
Incorporation of certain towns adjacent to 1st class cities. 66.0215(1)(1)
Petition. If the resident population of a town exceeds 5,000 as shown by the last federal census or by a census under
sub. (2), if the town is adjacent to a 1st class city and contains an equalized valuation in excess of $20,000,000 and if a petition signed by 100 or more persons, each an elector and taxpayer of the town, containing the signatures of at least 50% of the owners of real estate in the town and requesting submission of the question to the electors of the town, is filed with the clerk of the town, the procedure for becoming a 4th class city is initiated.
66.0215(2)
(2) Referendum. At the next regular meeting of the town board following the filing of the petition under
sub. (1), the board by resolution shall provide for a referendum by the electors of the town. The resolution shall conform to the requirements of
s. 5.15 (1) and
(2) and shall determine the numbers and boundaries of each ward of the proposed city and the time of voting, which may not be earlier than 6 weeks after the adoption of the resolution. The resolution may direct that a census be taken of the resident population of the territory on a day not more than 10 weeks previous to the date of the election, exhibiting the name of every head of a family and the name of every person who is a resident in good faith of the territory on that day, and the lot or quarter section of land on which that person resides, which shall be verified by the affixed affidavit of the person taking the census.
66.0215(3)
(3) Notice of referendum. Notice of the referendum shall be given by publication of the resolution in a newspaper published in the town, if there is one, otherwise in a newspaper designated in the resolution, once a week for 4 successive weeks, the first publication to be not more than 4 weeks before the referendum.
66.0215(4)
(4) Voting procedure. The referendum shall be conducted in the same manner as elections for supervisors of the town board. The question appearing on the ballot shall be "Shall the town of .... become a 4th class city?". Below the question shall appear 2 squares. To the left of one square shall appear the words "For a city" and to the left of the other square shall appear the words "Against a city". The inspectors shall make a return to the clerk of the town.
66.0215(5)
(5) Certificate of incorporation. If a majority of the votes are cast in favor of a city the clerk shall certify the fact to the secretary of state, together with the result of the census, if any, and 4 copies of a description of the legal boundaries of the town and 4 copies of a plat of the town. The secretary of state shall then issue a certificate of incorporation, and record the certificate in a book kept for that purpose. Two copies of the description and plat shall be forwarded by the secretary of state to the department of transportation and one copy to the department of revenue.
66.0215(6)
(6) City powers. A city incorporated under this section is a body corporate and politic, with the powers and privileges of a municipal corporation at common law and conferred by
ch. 62.
66.0215(7)(a)(a) Ordinances in force in the territory or any part of the territory, to the extent not inconsistent with
ch. 62, continue in force until altered or repealed.
66.0215(7)(b)
(b) A county shoreland zoning ordinance enacted under
s. 59.692 that is in force in any part of the territory continues in force until altered under
s. 59.692 (7) (ad).
66.0215(8)
(8) Interim officers. All officers of the town embracing the territory incorporated as a city continue in their powers and duties until the first meeting of the common council at which a quorum is present. Until a city clerk is chosen and qualified all oaths of office and other papers shall be filed with the town clerk, with whom the petition was filed, who shall deliver them with the petition to the city clerk when the city clerk is qualified.
66.0215(9)
(9) First city election. Within 10 days after incorporation of the city, the town board and the town clerk who received the petition shall fix a time for the first city election, designate the polling place or places, and name 3 inspectors of election for each place. Ten days' previous notice of the election shall be given by the clerk by publication in the newspapers selected under
sub. (3) and by posting notices in 3 public places in the city. Failure to give notice does not invalidate the election. The election shall be conducted as is prescribed by
chs. 5 to
12, except that no registration of voters may be required. The inspectors shall make returns to the board which shall, within one week after the election, canvass the returns and declare the result. The clerk shall notify the officers-elect and issue certificates of election. If the first election is on the first Tuesday in April the officers elected and their appointees commence and hold their offices as for a regular term. Otherwise they commence within 10 days and hold until the regular city election and the qualification of their successors, and the term of their appointees expires as soon as successors qualify.
66.0215 Annotation
"Adjacent" under sub. (1) means "contiguous," not "near." City of Waukesha v. Salbashian,
128 Wis. 2d 334,
382 N.W.2d 52 (1986).
66.0216
66.0216
Incorporation of certain towns contiguous to 2nd class cities. 66.0216(1)(1)
Conditions. A town board may initiate the procedure for incorporating its town as a city or village under this section by adopting a resolution providing for a referendum by the electors of the town on the question of whether the town should become a city or village if on the date of the adoption of the resolution all of the following conditions are satisfied:
66.0216(1)(b)
(b) The most recent federal decennial census shows that the resident population of the town exceeds 23,000.
66.0216(1)(c)
(c) The town is contiguous to a 2nd class city with a resident population exceeding 75,000.
66.0216(1)(d)
(d) The most recent per capita equalized valuation figures available from the department of revenue show that the per capita equalized valuation for the town is equal to or greater than the average per capita equalized valuation for all cities and villages in the state.
66.0216(1)(e)
(e) The town board of the town is authorized to exercise village powers.
66.0216(1)(f)
(f) The town contains at least 2,500 acres of land that has been zoned for industrial, commercial, communication, or public utility use.
66.0216(1)(g)
(g) The town contains at least 400 acres of land actually used for industrial, commercial, communication, or public utility purposes.
66.0216(1)(h)
(h) The common council of at least one 2nd class city that is contiguous to the town has adopted a resolution approving the incorporation of the town as a city or village.
66.0216(2)
(2) Referendum resolution. The resolution of the town board required under
sub. (1) shall do, or contain, all of the following:
66.0216(2)(a)
(a) Certify that all of the conditions under
sub. (1) are satisfied.
66.0216(2)(b)
(b) Contain a description of the territory to be incorporated sufficiently accurate to determine its location and a statement that a scale map reasonably showing the boundaries of the territory is on file with the town clerk.
66.0216(2)(c)
(c) If incorporation as a city is proposed, specify the number of members of the common council and the method of election, and specify the numbers and boundaries of the aldermanic districts.
66.0216(2)(d)
(d) Determine the numbers and boundaries of each ward of the proposed city or village, conforming to the requirements of
s. 5.15 (1) and
(2).
66.0216(2)(e)
(e) Determine the date of the referendum, which may not be earlier than 6 weeks after the adoption of the resolution.
66.0216(3)
(3) Notice of referendum. The town clerk shall publish the resolution adopted under
sub. (1) in a newspaper published in the town. If no newspaper is published in the town, the town clerk shall publish the resolution in a newspaper designated in the resolution. The town clerk shall publish the resolution once a week for 4 successive weeks, the first publication to be not more than 4 weeks before the referendum.
66.0216(4)
(4) Voting procedure. The referendum shall be conducted in the same manner as elections for town board supervisors. The question appearing on the ballot shall be: "Shall the town of .... become a city?" or "Shall the town of .... become a village?" Below the question shall appear 2 squares. To the left of one square shall appear the words "For a city" or "For a village," and to the left of the other square shall appear the words "Against a city" or "Against a village." The inspectors shall make a return to the town clerk.
66.0216(5)
(5) Certificate of incorporation. If a majority of the votes are cast in favor of a city or village, the town clerk shall certify that fact to the secretary of state, together with 4 copies of a description of the legal boundaries of the town, and 4 copies of a plat of the town. The town clerk shall also send the secretary of state an incorporation fee of $1,000. Upon receipt of the town clerk's certification, the incorporation fee, and other required documents, the secretary of state shall issue a certificate of incorporation and record the certificate in a book kept for that purpose. The secretary of state shall provide 2 copies of the description and plat to the department of transportation and one copy to the department of revenue. The town clerk shall also transmit a copy of the certification and the resolution under
sub. (1) to the county clerk.
66.0216(6)
(6) Action. No action to contest the validity of an incorporation under this section on any grounds, whether procedural or jurisdictional, may be commenced after 60 days from the date of issuance of the certificate of incorporation by the secretary of state. In any such action, the burden of proof as to all issues is upon the person bringing the action to show that the incorporation is not valid. An action contesting an incorporation shall be given preference in the circuit court
66.0216(7)
(7) City or village powers. A city or village incorporated under this section is a body corporate and politic, with the powers and privileges of a municipal corporation at common law and conferred by
ch. 61 or
62.
66.0216(8)(a)(a) Ordinances in force in the territory or any part of the territory, to the extent not inconsistent with
ch. 61 or
62, continue in force until altered or repealed.
66.0216(8)(b)
(b) A county shoreland zoning ordinance enacted under
s. 59.692 that is in force in any part of the territory continues in force until altered under
s. 59.692 (7) (ad).
66.0216(9)
(9) Interim officers, first city or village election. Section 66.0215 (8) and
(9), as it applies to a town that is incorporated as a city under
s. 66.0215, applies to a town that is incorporated as a city or village under this section.
66.0216(10)
(10) Sunset. This section does not apply after June 30, 2010.
66.0216 History
History: 2005 a. 25,
254;
2007 a. 96.
66.0217
66.0217
Annexation initiated by electors and property owners.
