301.48(2)(a)1m.
1m. The person is convicted for committing a level 2 child sex offense and the court places the person on probation for committing the level 2 child sex offense.
301.48(2)(a)2.
2. The department releases the person to extended supervision or parole while the person is serving a sentence for committing a level 1 child sex offense.
301.48(2)(a)2m.
2m. The person is convicted for committing a level 2 child sex offense and the department releases the person to extended supervision or parole while the person is serving the sentence for committing the level 2 child sex offense.
301.48(2)(a)3.
3. The department releases the person from prison upon the completion of a sentence imposed for a level 1 child sex offense.
301.48(2)(a)3m.
3m. The person is convicted for committing a level 2 child sex offense and the department releases the person from prison upon the completion of the sentence imposed for the level 2 child sex offense.
301.48(2)(a)4.
4. A court that found the person not guilty of a serious child sex offense by reason of mental disease or mental defect places the person on conditional release.
301.48(2)(a)5.
5. A court that found the person not guilty of a serious child sex offense by reason of mental disease or mental defect discharges the person under
s. 971.17 (6). This subdivision does not apply if the person was on conditional release immediately before being discharged.
301.48(2)(a)6.
6. The court places a person on lifetime supervision under
s. 939.615 for committing a serious child sex offense and the person is released from prison.
301.48(2)(a)8.
8. The department makes a determination under
sub. (2g) that global positioning system tracking is appropriate for the person.
301.48(2)(b)
(b) Except as provided in
subs. (7) and
(7m), the department shall maintain lifetime tracking of a person if any of the following occurs with respect to the person on or after January 1, 2008:
301.48(2)(b)2.
2. A court discharges the person under
s. 980.09 (4). This subdivision does not apply if the person was on supervised release immediately before being discharged.
301.48(2)(b)3.
3. The department of health services places the person on parole or discharges the person under
ch. 975. This subdivision does not apply unless the person's commitment was based on his or her commission of a serious child sex offense.
301.48(2)(d)
(d) If, on or after January 1, 2008, a person is being placed on probation, extended supervision, parole, or lifetime supervision for committing a sex offense and
par. (a) or
(b) does not apply, the department may have the person tracked using a global positioning system tracking device, or passive positioning system tracking, as a condition of the person's probation, extended supervision, parole, or lifetime supervision.
301.48(2g)
(2g) Department determination. If a person who committed a serious child sex offense, or a person under supervision under the interstate corrections compact for a serious child sex offense, is not subject to lifetime tracking under
sub. (2), the department shall assess the person's risk using a standard risk assessment instrument to determine if global positioning system tracking is appropriate for the person.
301.48(2m)
(2m) Passive positioning system tracking. If a person who is subject to lifetime tracking under
sub. (2) (a) 1.,
1m.,
2.,
2m.,
3., or
3m. completes his or her sentence, including any probation, parole, or extended supervision, the department may use passive positioning system tracking instead of maintaining lifetime tracking.
301.48(3)
(3) Functions and operation of tracking program. 301.48(3)(a)(a) Except as provided in
sub. (2m), the department shall implement a continuous global positioning tracking system to electronically monitor the whereabouts of persons who are subject to this section. The system shall do all of the following:
301.48(3)(a)1.
1. Use field monitoring equipment that supports cellular communications with as large a coverage area as possible and shall automatically provide instantaneous information regarding the whereabouts of a person who is being monitored, including information regarding the person's presence in an exclusion zone established under
par. (c) or absence from an inclusion zone established under
par. (c).
301.48(3)(a)2.
2. Use land line communications equipment to transmit information regarding the location of persons who are subject to this section when they are in areas in which no commercial cellular service is available.
301.48(3)(a)3.
3. Immediately alert the department and the local law enforcement agency having jurisdiction over the exclusion or inclusion zone if the person stays in any exclusion zone for any longer period than the time needed to travel through the zone to get to another destination or if the person leaves any inclusion zone.
301.48(3)(b)
(b) The department shall contract with a vendor using a competitive process under
s. 16.75 to provide staff in this state to install, remove, and maintain equipment related to global positioning system tracking and passive positioning system tracking for purposes of this section. The term of the contract may not exceed 3 years.
301.48(3)(c)
(c) For each person who is subject to global positioning system tracking under this section, the department shall create individualized exclusion and inclusion zones for the person, if necessary to protect public safety. In creating exclusion zones, the department shall focus on areas where children congregate, with perimeters of 100 to 250 feet, and on areas where the person has been prohibited from going as a condition of probation, extended supervision, parole, conditional release, supervised release, or lifetime supervision. In creating inclusion zones for a person on supervised release, the department shall consider
s. 980.08 (9).
301.48(3)(d)
(d) If a person who is on supervised release or conditional release is being tracked, the department shall notify the department of health services, upon request, of any tracking information for the person under any of the following circumstances:
301.48(3)(d)1.
1. The department of corrections has been alerted under
par. (a) 3. that the person being tracked has improperly stayed in an exclusion zone or improperly left an inclusion zone.
301.48(4)(a)(a) The department shall determine all of the following for each person tracked:
301.48(4)(a)1.
1. The cost of global positioning system tracking or passive positioning system tracking for the person.
301.48(4)(a)2.
2. How much of the cost under
subd. 1. the person is able to pay based on the factors listed in
par. (d).
301.48(4)(b)
(b) If required by the department, a person who is subject to global positioning system tracking or passive positioning system tracking shall pay for the cost of tracking up to the amount calculated for the person under
par. (a) 2. The department shall collect moneys paid by the person under this paragraph and credit those moneys to the appropriation under
s. 20.410 (1) (gk).
301.48(4)(c)
(c) The department of health services shall pay for the cost of tracking a person to whom
sub. (2) (a) 4. or
5. or
(b) applies while the person is on conditional release or supervised release to the extent that the cost is not covered by payments made by the person under
par. (b).
301.48(4)(d)
(d) In determining how much of the costs the person is able to pay, the department may consider the following:
301.48(4)(d)2.
2. The present and future earning ability of the person.
301.48(4)(d)3.
3. The needs and earning ability of the person's dependents.
301.48(4)(d)4.
4. Any other costs that the person is required to pay in conjunction with his or her supervision by the department or the department of health services.
301.48(4)(d)5.
5. Any other factors that the department considers appropriate.
301.48(6)
(6) Offender's petition to terminate lifetime tracking. 301.48(6)(a)(a) Subject to
par. (b), a person who is subject to lifetime tracking may file a petition requesting that lifetime tracking be terminated. A person shall file a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking with the circuit court for the county in which the person was convicted or found not guilty or not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect.
301.48(6)(b)1.1. A person may not file a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking if he or she has been convicted of a crime that was committed during the period of lifetime tracking.
301.48(6)(b)2.
2. A person may not file a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking earlier than 20 years after the date on which the period of lifetime tracking began. If a person files a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking at any time earlier than 20 years after the date on which the period of lifetime tracking began, the court shall deny the petition without a hearing.
301.48(6)(b)3.
3. A person described in
sub. (2) (b) may not file a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking.
301.48(6)(c)
(c) Upon receiving a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking, the court shall send a copy of the petition to the district attorney responsible for prosecuting the serious sex offense that was the basis for the order of lifetime tracking. Upon receiving the copy of the petition, the district attorney shall conduct a criminal history record search to determine whether the person has been convicted of a criminal offense that was committed during the period of lifetime tracking. No later than 30 days after the date on which he or she receives the copy of the petition, the district attorney shall report the results of the criminal history record search to the court and may provide a written response to the petition.
301.48(6)(d)
(d) After reviewing a report submitted under
par. (c) concerning the results of a criminal history record search, the court shall do whichever of the following is applicable:
301.48(6)(d)1.
1. If the report indicates that the person filing the petition has been convicted of a criminal offense that was committed during the period of lifetime tracking, the court shall deny the person's petition without a hearing.
301.48(6)(d)2.
2. If the report indicates that the person filing the petition has not been convicted of a criminal offense that was committed during the period of lifetime tracking, the court shall order the person to be examined under
par. (e), shall notify the department that it may submit a report under
par. (f) and shall schedule a hearing on the petition to be conducted as provided under
par. (g).
301.48(6)(e)
(e) A person filing a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking who is entitled to a hearing under
par. (d) 2. shall be examined by a person who is either a physician or a psychologist licensed under
ch. 455 and who is approved by the court. The physician or psychologist who conducts an examination under this paragraph shall prepare a report of his or her examination that includes his or her opinion of whether the person petitioning for termination of lifetime tracking is a danger to the public. The physician or psychologist shall file the report of his or her examination with the court within 60 days after completing the examination, and the court shall provide copies of the report to the person filing the petition and the district attorney. The contents of the report shall be confidential until the physician or psychologist testifies at a hearing under
par. (g). The person petitioning for termination of lifetime tracking shall pay the cost of an examination required under this paragraph.
301.48(6)(f)
(f) After it receives notification from the court under
par. (d) 2., the department may prepare and submit to the court a report concerning a person who has filed a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking. If the department prepares and submits a report under this paragraph, the report shall include information concerning the person's conduct while on lifetime tracking and an opinion as to whether lifetime tracking of the person is still necessary to protect the public. When a report prepared under this paragraph has been received by the court, the court shall, before the hearing under
par. (g), disclose the contents of the report to the attorney for the person who filed the petition and to the district attorney. When the person who filed the petition is not represented by an attorney, the contents shall be disclosed to the person.
301.48(6)(g)
(g) A hearing on a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking may not be conducted until the person filing the petition has been examined and a report of the examination has been filed as provided under
par. (e). At the hearing, the court shall take evidence it considers relevant to determining whether lifetime tracking should be continued because the person who filed the petition is a danger to the public. The person who filed the petition and the district attorney may offer evidence relevant to the issue of the person's dangerousness and the continued need for lifetime tracking.
301.48(6)(h)
(h) The court may grant a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking if it determines after a hearing under
par. (g) that lifetime tracking is no longer necessary to protect the public.
301.48(6)(i)
(i) If a petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking is denied after a hearing under
par. (g), the person may not file a subsequent petition requesting termination of lifetime tracking until at least 5 years have elapsed since the most recent petition was denied.
301.48(7)
(7) Department's petition to terminate lifetime tracking. 301.48(7)(a)(a) The department may file a petition requesting that a person's lifetime tracking be terminated if the person is permanently physically incapacitated. The petition shall include affidavits from 2 physicians that explain the nature of the person's permanent physical incapacitation.
301.48(7)(b)1.1. The department shall file a petition under
par. (a) with the circuit court for the county in which the person was convicted or found not guilty or not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect or, in the case of a person described in
sub. (2) (b), the circuit court for the county in which the person was found to be a sexually violent person.
301.48(7)(b)2.
2. The department shall send a copy of a petition filed under
subd. 1. to the district attorney responsible for prosecuting the serious sex offense that was the basis for the order of lifetime tracking or, in the case of a person described in
sub. (2) (b), the agency that filed the petition under
s. 980.02.
301.48(7)(c)
(c) Upon its own motion or upon the motion of the party to whom the petition was sent under
par. (b) 2., the court may order that the person to whom the petition relates be examined by a physician who is approved by the court. The physician who conducts an examination under this paragraph shall prepare a report of his or her examination that includes his or her opinion of whether the person is permanently physically incapacitated. The physician shall file the report of his or her examination with the court within 60 days after completing the examination, and the court shall provide copies of the report to the department and the party to whom the petition was sent under
par. (b) 2. The contents of the report shall be confidential until the physician testifies at a hearing under
par. (d). The department shall pay the cost of an examination required under this paragraph.
301.48(7)(d)
(d) The court shall conduct a hearing on a petition filed under
par. (b) 1., but if the court has ordered a physical examination under
par. (c), the hearing may not occur until after the examination is complete and a report of the examination has been filed as provided under
par. (c). At the hearing, the court shall take evidence it considers relevant to determining whether the person to whom the petition relates is permanently physically incapacitated so that he or she is not a danger to the public. The department and the party to whom the petition was sent under
par. (b) 2. may offer relevant evidence regarding that issue.
301.48(7)(e)
(e) The court may grant a petition filed under
par. (b) 1. if it determines after a hearing under
par. (d) that the person to whom the petition relates is permanently physically incapacitated so that he or she is not a danger to the public.
301.48(7m)
(7m) Termination if person moves out of state. If a person who is subject to being tracked under this section moves out of state, the department shall terminate the person's tracking. If the person returns to the state, the department shall reinstate the person's tracking except as provided under
sub. (6) or
(7).
301.48 Annotation
Given how slight is the incremental loss of privacy from having to wear an anklet monitor, and how valuable to society the information collected by the monitor is, this section does not violate the 4th Amendment. The terms of supervised release, probation, and parole often authorize searches by probation officers without the officers' having to obtain warrants. Such warrantless searches do not violate the 4th Amendment as long as they are reasonable. The search conducted in this case via an anklet monitor is less intrusive than a conventional search. Such monitoring of sex offenders is permissible if it satisfies the reasonableness test applied in parolee and special-needs cases. Wisconsin's ankle monitoring of the defendant was reasonable. Belleau v. Wall,
811 F.3d 929 (2016).
301.48 Annotation
This section was not an ex post facto law simply because it took effect after the plaintiff had committed the crimes for which he had been convicted. A statute is an ex post facto law only if it imposes punishment. This monitoring law is not punishment; it is prevention. Belleau v. Wall,
811 F.3d 929 (2016).
301.49
301.49
Global positioning system tracking for persons who violate certain orders or injunctions. 301.49(1)(a)
(a) “Exclusion zone" means a zone in which a person who is tracked using a global positioning system tracking device is prohibited from entering.
301.49(1)(am)
(am) “Exclusion zone violation" means entry into an exclusion zone except for purposes of traveling through an exclusion zone to get to another destination, unless the person is prohibited by the department from making such entry.
301.49(1)(b)
(b) “Global positioning system tracking" means tracking using a system that actively monitors and identifies a person's location and timely reports or records the person's presence in an exclusion zone. “Global positioning system tracking" includes comparable technology.
301.49(1)(c)
(c) “Petitioner" means the person who petitioned for the restraining order or injunction that was issued under
s. 813.12 or
813.125.
301.49(2)
(2) Who is covered; duration of coverage. 301.49(2)(a)(a) The department shall maintain global positioning system tracking of a person who is not in jail or in prison and who is ordered by a court to submit to monitoring under
s. 813.129 for the duration of the person's period of probation.
301.49(2)(b)
(b) The department shall maintain global positioning system tracking of a person who is subject to global positioning system tracking as a condition of extended supervision.
301.49(3)
(3) Functions and operation of tracking program. 301.49(3)(a)(a) The department shall implement a continuous global positioning tracking system to electronically monitor the whereabouts of persons who are subject to this section. The system shall do all of the following:
301.49(3)(a)1.
1. Use field monitoring equipment that supports cellular communications with as large a coverage area as possible and shall automatically provide instantaneous information regarding the whereabouts of a person who is being monitored, including information regarding the person's presence in an exclusion zone established under
par. (c).
301.49(3)(a)2.
2. Use land line communications equipment to transmit information regarding the location of persons who are subject to this section when they are in areas in which no commercial cellular service is available.
301.49(3)(a)3.
3. Immediately alert the department if the person commits an exclusion zone violation. The department shall immediately notify the law enforcement agency having jurisdiction over the exclusion zone and the petitioner of any exclusion zone violation.
301.49(3)(b)
(b) The department shall contract with a vendor using a competitive process as described under
s. 16.75 to provide staff in this state to install, remove, and maintain equipment related to global positioning system tracking for purposes of this section. The term of the contract may not exceed 3 years.
301.49(3)(c)
(c) For each person who is subject to global positioning system tracking under this section, the department shall create an individualized exclusion zone for the person, as necessary to protect the petitioner. In creating an exclusion zone, the department shall consider input from the petitioner and shall include any location that the person is ordered to avoid or enjoined from entering under the restraining order or injunction that the person violated or is alleged to have violated.
301.49(4)
(4) Termination if person moves out of state. Notwithstanding
sub. (2), if a person who is subject to being tracked under this section moves out of state, the department shall terminate the person's tracking. If the person returns to the state during the duration of the restraining order or injunction, the department shall immediately reinstate the person's tracking.
301.49(5)(a)(a) The department shall determine all of the following for each person tracked:
301.49(5)(a)1.
1. The cost of global positioning system tracking for the person.
301.49(5)(a)2.
2. How much of the cost under
subd. 1. the person is able to pay based on the factors listed in
par. (c).
301.49(5)(b)
(b) If required by the department, a person who is subject to global positioning system tracking shall pay for the cost of tracking up to the amount calculated for the person under
par. (a) 2. The department shall collect moneys paid by the person under this paragraph and credit those moneys to the appropriation account under
s. 20.410 (1) (gL).
