281.33(3)(b)1.1. Involves the grading, removal of protective ground cover or vegetation, excavation, land filling or other land disturbing activity which affects an area of 4,000 square feet or more. 281.33(3)(b)2.2. Involves the excavation or filling or a combination of excavation and filling which affects 400 cubic yards or more of dirt, sand or other excavation or fill material. 281.33(3)(b)3.3. Involves street, highway, road or bridge construction, enlargement, relocation or reconstruction. 281.33(3)(b)4.4. Involves the laying, repairing, replacing or enlarging of an underground pipe or facility for a distance of 300 feet or more. 281.33(3)(b)5.5. Requires a subdivision plat approval or a certified survey. 281.33(3)(c)(c) The uniform statewide standards for storm water management shall provide for the regulation of any construction activity which: 281.33(3)(c)1.1. Is a residential development with a gross aggregate area of 5 acres or more. 281.33(3)(c)2.2. Is a residential development with a gross aggregate area of 3 acres or more with at least 1.5 acres of impervious surfaces. 281.33(3)(c)3.3. Is a development other than a residential development with a gross aggregate area of 3 acres or more. 281.33(3)(c)4.4. Is likely to result in storm water runoff which exceeds the safe capacity of the existing drainage facilities or receiving body of water, which causes undue channel erosion, which increases water pollution by scouring or the transportation of particulate matter or which endangers downstream property. 281.33(3)(d)(d) If the department determines that rules promulgated under s. 281.16 (2) prescribe performance standards that meet the requirements for establishing uniform statewide standards under this subsection, the department’s rules promulgated under s. 281.16 (2) satisfy the rule-making requirements under this subsection and shall apply as if they were promulgated under this subsection. 281.33(3m)(3m) Requirements for ordinances. A city, village, town, or county may enact an ordinance regulating the conduct regulated under this section only if the ordinance strictly conforms with uniform statewide standards established under sub. (3). 281.33(4)(4) Model ordinances; state plan; distribution. The department shall prepare a model zoning ordinance for construction site erosion control at sites described in sub. (3) (a) 1. a. and b. and for storm water management in the form of an administrative rule. The model ordinance is subject to s. 227.19 and other provisions of ch. 227 in the same manner as other administrative rules. Following the promulgation of the model ordinance as a rule, the department shall distribute a copy of the model ordinance to any city, village, town or county that submits a request. The department shall distribute a copy of the state plan to any agency which submits a request. 281.33(5)(5) Cooperation. The department, the municipalities, and all state agencies shall cooperate to accomplish the objective of this section. To that end, the department shall consult with the governing bodies of municipalities to secure uniformity of regulations, shall prepare model ordinances under sub. (4), shall extend assistance to municipalities under this section, shall prepare the plan under sub. (2), shall obtain uniformity through the implementation of this plan and the utilization of memoranda of understanding which are substantially similar to the plan, and shall extend assistance to agencies under this section. 281.33(6)(a)(a) Notwithstanding subs. (3) and (3m), a city, village, town, or county may enact and enforce provisions of an ordinance that are stricter than the uniform standards for storm water management established by the department under this section if the stricter provisions are necessary to do any of the following: 281.33(6)(a)1.1. Control storm water quantity or peak flow to address existing flooding problems or prevent future flooding problems, except that an ordinance under this subdivision may not require more than 90 percent of the difference between the pre-development annual runoff volume at a site and the post-development annual runoff volume at that site to be retained on site. 281.33(6)(a)2.2. Comply with federally approved total maximum daily load requirements. 281.33(6)(b)(b) Subsection (3m) does not apply to provisions of an ordinance enacted by a city, village, town, or county if the provisions of the ordinance regulate storm water management relating to existing development or redevelopment, as defined in NR 151.002, Wis. Adm. Code. 281.33 Cross-referenceCross-reference: See also chs. NR 152 and 216, Wis. adm. code. 281.34281.34 Groundwater withdrawals. 281.34(1)(ae)(ae) “Fire protection well” means a well used primarily for fire protection purposes. 281.34(1)(am)(am) “Groundwater protection area” means an area within 1,200 feet of any of the following: 281.34(1)(am)3.3. A class I, class II, or class III trout stream, other than a class I, class II, or class III trout stream that is a farm drainage ditch with no prior stream history, as identified under sub. (8) (a). 281.34(1)(b)(b) “High capacity well” means a well, except for a residential well or fire protection well, that, together with all other wells on the same property, except for residential wells and fire protection wells, has a capacity of more than 100,000 gallons per day. 281.34(1)(c)(c) “Local governmental unit” means a city, village, town, county, town sanitary district, utility district under s. 66.0827 that provides water, public inland lake protection and rehabilitation district that has town sanitary district powers under s. 33.22 (3), joint local water authority created under s. 66.0823, or municipal water district under s. 198.22. 281.34(1)(d)(d) “Owner” means a person who owns property on which a well is located or proposed to be located or the designated representative of such a person. 281.34(1)(e)(e) “Potentiometric surface” means a measure of pressure of groundwater in an aquifer based on the level to which groundwater will rise in a well placed in the aquifer. 281.34(1)(ek)(ek) “Reconstruct” means to modify original construction including deepening, lining, installing or replacing a screen, and underreaming. 281.34(1)(em)(em) “Residential well” means a well that has a capacity of 100,000 gallons per day or less and that is used primarily to provide water to a single-family or multifamily residence. 281.34(1)(f)(f) “Spring” means an area of concentrated groundwater discharge occurring at the surface of the land that results in a flow of at least one cubic foot per second at least 80 percent of the time. 281.34(1)(g)(g) “Water loss” means a loss of water from the basin from which it is withdrawn as a result of interbasin diversion or consumptive use or both. 281.34(1)(h)(h) “Well” means any drillhole or other excavation or opening deeper than it is wide that extends more than 10 feet below the ground surface and is constructed for the purpose of obtaining groundwater. 281.34(2)(2) Approval required for high capacity wells. Except as provided under sub. (2g), an owner shall apply to the department for approval before construction of a high capacity well begins. Except as provided under sub. (2g), no person may construct or withdraw water from a high capacity well without the approval of the department under this section or under s. 281.17 (1), 2001 stats. An owner applying for approval under this subsection shall pay a fee of $500. 281.34(2g)(2g) Repair, replacement, reconstruction, and transfer of ownership of an approved high capacity well. 281.34(2g)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (e), if a high capacity well has been approved under this section or under s. 281.17 (1), 2001 stats., the owner of that well may take any of the following actions without obtaining an additional approval under this section: 281.34(2g)(a)2.2. Construct a new high capacity well to replace the existing high capacity well if the new high capacity well will be constructed in accordance with department standards that apply to the construction of new high capacity wells on the date that construction of the replacement high capacity well begins, if the existing high capacity well is filled and sealed as provided in rules promulgated by the department, and if any of the following applies: 281.34(2g)(a)2.a.a. The purpose of replacement is to remedy or prevent contamination. The owner of the well shall submit documentation of the contamination to the department in the manner and form required by the department. 281.34(2g)(a)2.b.b. The replacement high capacity well will be drilled to substantially the same depth as the existing high capacity well and either will be located within a 75-foot radius of the existing high capacity well or will be located farther from the nearest groundwater protection area than the existing high capacity well and not be located within any other groundwater protection area. 281.34(2g)(a)3.3. Reconstruct the high capacity well, if the reconstructed high capacity well is constructed to substantially the same depth and specifications as the existing high capacity well. 281.34(2g)(a)4.4. Transfer the approval, concurrent with transferring the land on which the high capacity well is located, to the person to whom the land is transferred. 281.34(2g)(b)(b) The department may not impose a fee for any action taken under this subsection. 281.34(2g)(c)(c) No later than 90 days after taking any action under par. (a) 2., 3., or 4., the owner of the high capacity well shall notify the department of the action taken on a form prescribed by the department. For any action taken under par. (a) 2., the owner shall, on the same form, notify the department of the location of the replacement high capacity well and the method by which the existing well was filled and sealed. 281.34(2g)(d)(d) Except as provided in sub. (7), the conditions included in the approval for the high capacity well continue to apply after an owner takes any of the actions under par. (a). 281.34(2g)(e)(e) An owner of a well may not take an action under par. (a) if the action would be inconsistent with the conditions included in the approval for the high capacity well. 281.34(2m)(2m) Temporary dewatering wells. The department shall issue a single approval under sub. (2) for all high capacity wells constructed for one project, as determined by the department, for temporary dewatering of a construction site, including a construction site for a building, road, or utility. The department shall provide for amendments to a project under this subsection. A person applying for approval of high capacity wells for a project under this subsection is only required to pay one $500 fee. 281.34(3)(3) Notification required for other wells. 281.34(3)(a)(a) An owner shall notify the department of the location of a well that is not a high capacity well before construction of the well begins. An owner notifying the department under this subsection shall pay a fee of $50. 281.34(3)(b)(b) The department may appoint any person who is not an employee of the department as the department’s agent to accept and process notifications and collect the fees under par. (a). 281.34(3)(c)(c) Any person, including the department, who accepts and processes a well notification under par. (a) shall collect in addition to the fee under par. (a) a processing fee of 50 cents. An agent appointed under par. (b) may retain the processing fee to compensate the agent for the agent’s services in accepting and processing the notification. 281.34(4)(a)(a) The department shall review an application for approval of any of the following using the environmental review process in its rules promulgated under s. 1.11: 281.34(4)(a)1.1. A high capacity well that is located in a groundwater protection area. 281.34(4)(a)2.2. A high capacity well with a water loss of more than 95 percent of the amount of water withdrawn. 281.34(4)(a)3.3. A high capacity well that may have a significant environmental impact on a spring. 281.34(4)(b)(b) If, under sub. (5) (b), (c), or (d), the department requests an environmental impact report under s. 23.11 (5) for a proposed high capacity well, the department may only request information in that report that relates to the decisions that the department makes under this section related to the proposed high capacity well. 281.34(5)(5) Standards and conditions for approval. 281.34(5)(a)(a) Public water supply. If the department determines that a proposed high capacity well may impair the water supply of a public utility engaged in furnishing water to or for the public, the department may not approve the high capacity well unless it is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that will ensure that the water supply of the public utility will not be impaired. 281.34(5)(b)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 2., if the department determines, under the environmental review process in sub. (4), that an environmental impact report under s. 23.11 (5) must be prepared for a proposed high capacity well located in a groundwater protection area, the department may not approve the high capacity well unless it is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that ensure that the high capacity well does not cause significant environmental impact. 281.34(5)(b)2.2. Subdivision 1. does not apply to a proposed high capacity well that is located in a groundwater protection area and that is a water supply for a public utility engaged in supplying water to or for the public, if the department determines that there is no other reasonable alternative location for a well and is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that ensure that the environmental impact of the well is balanced by the public benefit of the well related to public health and safety. 281.34(5)(c)(c) High water loss. If the department determines, under the environmental review process in sub. (4), that an environmental impact report under s. 23.11 (5) must be prepared for a proposed high capacity well with a water loss of more than 95 percent of the amount of water withdrawn, the department may not approve the high capacity well unless it is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that ensure that the high capacity well does not cause significant environmental impact. 281.34(5)(d)1.1. Except as provided in subd. 2., if the department determines, under the environmental review process in sub. (4), that an environmental impact report under s. 23.11 (5) must be prepared for a proposed high capacity well that may have a significant environmental impact on a spring, the department may not approve the high capacity well unless it is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that ensure that the high capacity well does not cause significant environmental impact. 281.34(5)(d)2.2. Subdivision 1. does not apply to a proposed high capacity well that may have a significant environmental impact on a spring and that is a water supply for a public utility engaged in supplying water to or for the public, if the department determines that there is no other reasonable alternative location for a well and is able to include and includes in the approval conditions, which may include conditions as to location, depth, pumping capacity, rate of flow, and ultimate use, that ensure that the environmental impact of the well is balanced by the public benefit of the well related to public health and safety. 281.34(5)(dm)(dm) Water supply service area plan. If a proposed high capacity well is covered by an approved water supply service area plan under s. 281.348, the department may not approve the high capacity well unless it is consistent with that plan. 281.34(5)(e)1.1. If s. 281.35 (4) applies to a proposed high capacity well, the department shall include in the approval conditions that ensure that the high capacity well complies with s. 281.35 (4) to (6). 281.34(5)(e)2.2. The department shall include in the approval for each high capacity well requirements that the owner identify the location of the high capacity well and submit an annual pumping report. 281.34(5m)(5m) Consideration of cumulative impacts. No person may challenge an approval, or an application for approval, of a high capacity well based on the lack of consideration of the cumulative environmental impacts of that high capacity well together with existing wells. 281.34(6)(6) Preexisting high capacity wells. 281.34(6)(a)(a) The owner of a high capacity well for which the department issued an approval under s. 281.17 (1), 2001 stats., shall provide to the department information concerning the location of the well and an annual pumping report. 281.34(6)(b)(b) The department shall promulgate rules specifying the date and method by which owners of high capacity wells shall comply with par. (a). 281.34(7)(7) Modifying and rescinding approvals for high capacity wells. The approval of a high capacity well issued under this section or under s. 281.17 (1), 2001 stats., remains in effect unless the department modifies or rescinds the approval because the high capacity well or the use of the high capacity well is not in conformance with standards or conditions applicable to the approval of the high capacity well. 281.34(7m)(a)1.1. “Designated study area” means the area made up of the Fourteenmile Creek Watershed, the Ten Mile Creek Watershed, and the Lone Rock-Fourteenmile Creek Watershed, located in Adams, Portage, Waushara, and Wood counties, as designated by the U.S. Geological Survey. 281.34(7m)(b)(b) The department shall evaluate and model the hydrology of Pleasant Lake in Waushara County, Plainfield Lake and Long Lake in the designated study area, and any other navigable stream or navigable lake located in the designated study area for which the department seeks to determine whether existing and potential groundwater withdrawals are causing or are likely to cause a significant reduction of the navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels. The department may request, under s. 13.10, the joint committee on finance to provide funding and positions for the evaluation and modeling under this paragraph. The evaluation under this paragraph shall include all relevant factors that may affect groundwater and water levels and rates of flow of navigable waters, including topography, ground cover, annual and seasonal variations in precipitation, and plant life. The department shall begin the evaluation and modeling under this paragraph no later than June 3, 2018. 281.34(7m)(c)(c) If upon conclusion of the evaluation and modeling of the area under par. (b) the department determines that special measures relating to existing and potential groundwater withdrawal are necessary in all or part of that area to prevent or remedy a significant reduction of a navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels, the department shall issue a decision on whether it recommends that the legislature adopt, by statute, special measures relating to groundwater withdrawal in all or part of that area. If the department issues a decision recommending that the legislature adopt, by statute, special measures relating to groundwater withdrawal in all or part of that area, the decision shall contain all of the following information: 281.34(7m)(c)1.1. A description of the extent to which the department has determined that cumulative groundwater withdrawals in all or part of the area cause, or are expected to cause, a significant reduction of a navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels. 281.34(7m)(c)2.2. A description of the concrete scientific information that the department used to establish that there is a hydrologic connection between the groundwater in all or part of the area and the navigable waters in all or part of the area and a causal relationship between groundwater withdrawal in all or part of the area and an existing or potential significant reduction of a navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels, and the degree to which the department verified the connection and causal relationship by the use of field work or field study. 281.34(7m)(c)3.3. A description of the geographical boundaries of the area to which the department recommends special measures relating to groundwater withdrawal should apply. The department shall identify in the description the specific navigable water or part of the navigable water that is or may be affected by cumulative groundwater withdrawals and shall identify the location of the groundwater withdrawals that the department has determined are causing or may cause a significant reduction of a navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels. 281.34(7m)(c)4.4. Any proposed special measures in the area described under subd. 3. that the department recommends that the legislature adopt, by statute, to prevent or remedy a significant reduction of a navigable stream’s or navigable lake’s rate of flow or water level below its average seasonal levels.
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Chs. 279-299, Natural Resources
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