Chapter 295

295.635(3) (3) Active dams. The operator shall, at least monthly, inspect active dams and record the findings in the mining waste site operating log. The operator shall record at least all of the following findings:

295.635(3)(a) (a) Condition of vegetation on the dam and within 50 feet from the outside base.

295.635(3)(b) (b) Piezometric levels within the mass of the dam.

295.635(3)(c) (c) Condition of soil surfaces on the top and slopes of the dam and within 50 feet from the outside base.

295.635(3)(d) (d) Condition of drainage ditches near the base of the dam.

295.635(3)(e) (e) Liquid surface level and amount of freeboard.

295.635(3)(f) (f) Condition of spillways, conduits, and water level control structures.

295.635(4) (4) Inactive dams. The operator shall inspect inactive dams quarterly and record the findings in the mining waste site operating log. The operator shall record at least all of the following findings:

295.635(4)(a) (a) Condition of soil surfaces on the top and slopes of the dam and within 50 feet from the outside base.

295.635(4)(b) (b) Piezometric levels within the mass of the dam if that instrumentation has been determined to be necessary or is required in the long-term care provisions of the mining waste site feasibility study and plan of operation.

295.635(4)(c) (c) Condition of spillways, conduits, and water level control structures.

295.635(5) (5) Defective conditions of dams posing risk of adverse impact. When a defective condition that poses a significant risk of adverse impact to the environment is found during an inspection of a dam, the operator shall ensure that it is recorded and corrected at the earliest practicable time. At the earliest practicable time, the operator shall make a written report to the department of the condition and the actions proposed and taken for its correction. Within 5 business days of receipt of a written report, the department may confirm the correction of the condition and specify any necessary additional corrective action. An operator shall consider any of the following items as indicating a condition that requires prompt investigation and that may require corrective action:

295.635(5)(a) (a) Seepage on the outer face of the dam accompanied by boils, sand cones, or deltas.

295.635(5)(b) (b) Silt accumulations, boils, deltas, or cones in the drainage ditches at the base of the dam.

295.635(5)(c) (c) Cracking of soil surface on the top or either face of the dam.

295.635(5)(d) (d) Bulging of the outside face of the dam.

295.635(5)(e) (e) Seepage, damp areas, or boils in the vicinity of, or erosion around, a conduit through the dam.

295.635(5)(f) (f) Any shrinkage of the top or faces of the dam.

295.635(6) (6) Potential defects of dams. All of the following conditions indicate potential defects and the operator shall closely check them on subsequent inspections for an active dam and conduct an intermediate inspection if they exist for an inactive dam:

295.635(6)(a) (a) Patches of overgrown vegetation on the outside face or close to the base of the dam.

295.635(6)(b) (b) Surface erosion, gullying, or wave erosion on the inside of the dam.

295.635(6)(c) (c) Surface erosion, gullying, or damp areas on the outside of the dam, including the berm and the area within 50 feet from the outside base.

295.635(6)(d) (d) Erosion below any conduit.

295.635(6)(e) (e) Wet areas or soggy soil on the outside of, or in natural soil below, the dam.

295.635(7) (7) Record keeping related to dams.

295.635(7)(a) (a) The operator shall retain all records relating to dam monitoring, analytical, and verification activities and data, including all original strip chart recordings and instrumentation, calibration, and maintenance records, until termination of operator responsibility, except to the extent that copies of those records have previously been provided to the department.

295.635(7)(b) (b) The operator shall maintain in a permanent file all of the following construction records pertaining to any dam in case they are needed for future reference:

295.635(7)(b)1. 1. Aerial photos of the construction site before construction.

295.635(7)(b)2. 2. Construction drawings and modifications of the drawings.

295.635(7)(b)3. 3. Construction specifications and modifications of the specifications.

295.635(7)(b)4. 4. Results of all soil tests on foundations and fill materials.

295.635(7)(b)5. 5. Logs of borings and engineering geology reports.

295.635(7)(b)6. 6. Copies of construction progress inspections pertinent to core trench, toe drain, internal drains, and other significant phases of the structure including, at the option of the operator, photographs of various structural items.

295.635(7)(b)7. 7. Aerial photos of the entire dam taken within 90 days after all construction is completed.

295.635(7)(b)8. 8. A description of and justification for all deviations or variances from the construction plans and specifications.

295.635(8) (8) Responses to unplanned events. If a mining waste site has an accidental or emergency discharge, a fire, an explosion, or other unplanned or unpredicted event that is likely to damage human health or the environment, the operator shall follow the procedures set forth in the contingency plan under s. 295.51 (6) (f) and shall report the incident to the department and to county, town, and tribal governmental agencies immediately after the operator has discovered the event.

295.635(9) (9) Annual report. The operator shall submit to the department an annual summary report concerning the mining waste site containing all of the following:

295.635(9)(a) (a) Statistical summaries of annual and cumulative data.

295.635(9)(b) (b) A comparison of the summaries under par. (a) to mining waste characterization, leachate characterizations, effluent predictions, and baseline water quality and background water quality data as contained in the approved mining waste site feasibility study and plan of operation.

295.635(9)(c) (c) The results of verification procedures and a presentation of the error associated with each parameter reported.

295.635(9)(d) (d) Information from monitoring wells that have not been affected, including a discussion of whether the baseline values should be modified due to natural variability and what the new values should be.

295.635(10) (10) Applicability. This section does not apply to a surface mine that is backfilled with mining waste.

295.635 History History: 2013 a. 1.

295.64 295.64 Mining site monitoring; general.

295.64(1) (1) General. The department, as a condition of a mining permit, shall require the operator to perform adequate monitoring of environmental changes during the course of the mining and for the additional period of time that is necessary to satisfactorily complete reclamation and completely release the operator from any bonds or other security required. The department may monitor environmental changes concurrently with the operator and for an additional period after the security is released.

295.64(2) (2) Analyses.

295.64(2)(a) (a) The department shall review baseline water quality data with respect to groundwater and monitoring data associated with the mine, mining waste sites, and sites for the disposal of wastes that are not mining wastes at the time of each review of the mining permit or reclamation plan under s. 295.63 (3) and when the operator requests a modification of the mining permit or reclamation plan.

295.64(2)(b) (b) An operator shall have bacteriological analyses of water samples and all radiological analyses associated with the mining site performed by the state laboratory of hygiene or at a laboratory certified or approved by the department of health services. An operator shall have other laboratory tests the results of which are submitted to the department under this subchapter performed by a laboratory certified or registered under s. 299.11, except that this requirement does not apply to any of the following:

295.64(2)(b)1. 1. Physical testing of soil.

295.64(2)(b)2. 2. Air quality tests.

295.64(2)(b)3. 3. Tests for hydrogen ion concentration (pH).

295.64(2)(b)4. 4. Tests for chlorine residual.

295.64(2)(b)5. 5. Tests for temperature.

295.64 History History: 2013 a. 1.

295.643 295.643 Mining waste site monitoring.

295.643(1) (1) General. The department may require the monitoring of groundwater, surface water, leachate, or other physical features associated with a mining waste site.

295.643(2) (2) Physical features. The department may require the monitoring of air quality, berms, embankments, vegetation growth, and drainage control structures associated with the mining waste site. The department may require monitoring of other chemical or biological conditions, if the department determines that the monitoring is necessary to assess the impact of the mining waste site on critical aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

295.643(3) (3) Monitoring wells and other devices.

295.643(3)(a) (a) The department shall require the installation of groundwater monitoring wells at a mining waste site. The department may require installation of leachate monitoring wells, lysimeters, moisture probes, and similar devices and associated water quality sampling and analysis programs to detect the effects of leachate on groundwater.

295.643(3)(b) (b) The department shall determine the required number of groundwater monitoring wells based on the size of the mining waste site, the design of the mining waste site, the types of mining waste, and the hydrologic and geologic setting of the mining waste site. The department shall ensure that the number of wells is adequate to yield samples representative of the groundwater quality both up gradient and down gradient of the mining waste site.

295.643(3)(c) (c) An operator shall construct all monitoring wells in accordance with ch. NR 141, Wis. Adm. Code, and in such a manner as to prevent, to the extent practicable, the exchange of water between aquifers.

295.643(4) (4) Destruction of monitoring devices.

295.643(4)(a) (a) If for any reason a monitoring well or other monitoring device associated with a mining waste site is destroyed or otherwise fails to function properly, the operator shall notify the department in writing within 5 days of discovering the destruction or malfunction.

295.643(4)(b) (b) The operator shall either restore the monitoring well or other device or properly abandon it and replace it with a functioning device within 60 days of notifying the department under par. (a) unless the department notifies the operator otherwise in writing within 30 days of receiving notice from the operator.

295.643(5) (5) Sampling other wells. The department may require an operator to sample public or private wells as part of a regular monitoring program or to determine the extent of groundwater contamination associated with a mining waste site. If the owner of a well does not authorize access for sampling, the operator shall promptly notify the department.

295.643(6) (6) Required monitoring and analysis.

295.643(6)(a) (a) An operator shall monitor groundwater at locations identified in the waste site feasibility study and plan of operation on a quarterly basis, during March, June, September, and December, unless the department agrees to an alternate schedule. The department may base an alternate schedule on the hydrogeologic system’s characteristics, such as flow velocity and stratigraphy, and on fluctuations in quality as determined through background water quality or baseline water quality sampling and mining waste type. The operator shall analyze for the parameters listed in the approved waste site feasibility study and plan of operation.

295.643(6)(b) (b) An operator shall use the methods for groundwater and surface water sample collection, preservation, and analysis that are specified in the approved mining waste site facility study and plan of operation.

295.643(7) (7) Water elevation measurements. The operator shall make water elevation measurements on a quarterly basis.

295.643(8) (8) Operations report. The department may require an operator to submit an operations report to assess the effectiveness and environmental acceptability of mining waste site operations. The operator may include in the report a discussion of confinement of the active fill area and an analysis of leachate and other monitoring, surface water control and erosion control, revegetation, settlement, volume of the mining waste site utilized, leachate quantity and quality, slope stability, equipment performance, volume and type of waste disposed of, and other relevant parameters.

295.643(9) (9) Reports of monitoring data. The operator shall forward to the department, within 60 days after sampling, 3 copies of the monitoring data required by this section to be collected during each quarter.

295.643 History History: 2013 a. 1.

295.645 295.645 Groundwater quality, monitoring, and response.

295.645(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

295.645(1)(a) (a) “Alternative concentration limit” means the concentration of a substance in groundwater established by the department to replace a groundwater quality standard when the department grants an exemption.

295.645(1)(b) (b) “Statistically significantly different” means an amount of change determined by the use of statistical tests for measuring significance at the 95 percent confidence level.

295.645(2) (2) Design management zone.

295.645(2)(a) (a) Notwithstanding the rule-making authority in s. 160.21 (2) and except as provided under par. (b), for the purposes of ch. 160, the horizontal distance to the boundary of the design management zone for a mining operation is 1,200 feet from the limits of the engineered structures of the mining waste site, including any wastewater and sludge storage or treatment lagoons, the edge of the mine, and the adjacent mine mill and ferrous mineral processing facilities or at the boundary of the property owned or leased by the applicant or on which the applicant holds an easement, whichever distance is less.

295.645(2)(b) (b) When issuing or modifying a mining permit or issuing or reissuing any other approval, the department may reduce the design management zone by a horizontal distance of not more than 600 feet. The department may not reduce the design management zone unless the department determines that preventive action limits and enforcement standards or alternative concentration limits will be met at the boundary of the reduced design management zone. The department shall consider the following factors in determining whether to reduce the design management zone:

295.645(2)(b)1. 1. Nature, thickness, and permeability of unconsolidated materials, including topography.

295.645(2)(b)2. 2. Nature and permeability of bedrock.

295.645(2)(b)3. 3. Groundwater depth, flow direction, and velocity.

295.645(2)(b)4. 4. Waste volume, type, and characteristics.

295.645(2)(b)5. 5. Contaminant mobility.

295.645(2)(b)6. 6. Distances to the property boundary and surface waters.

295.645(2)(b)7. 7. Engineering design of the facility.

295.645(2)(b)8. 8. Life span of the facility.

295.645(2)(b)9. 9. Present and anticipated uses of land and groundwater.

295.645(2)(b)10. 10. Potential abatement options if an enforcement standard is exceeded.