Chapter 90

90.10 History History: 1991 a. 316; 1997 a. 253.

90.10 Annotation This chapter’s plain language, when read in light of s. 990.01 (42), unambiguously authorizes a city to administer the enforcement procedures of ss. 90.10 to 90.12. White v. City of Watertown, 2019 WI 9, 385 Wis. 2d 320, 922 N.W.2d 61, 16-2259.

90.11 90.11 Cost of repairs.

90.11(1) (1) 

90.11(1)(a) (a) Whenever any owner or occupant of land has built, repaired or rebuilt any fence, pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, that the adjoining owner or occupant has been lawfully directed by fence viewers to build, repair or rebuild but has failed to do within the time prescribed, the owner or occupant who built, repaired or rebuilt the fence may complain to any 2 or more fence viewers of the town.

90.11(1)(b) (b) The fence viewers complained to under par. (a) shall, after having given notice to the defaulting adjoining owner or occupant as provided in s. 90.07, examine the fence and ascertain the expense of building, repairing or rebuilding the fence. If the fence viewers adjudge the fence sufficient they shall give to the complaining party a certificate under their hands of their decision and of the amount of the expense of building, repairing or rebuilding the fence and of the fees of the fence viewers.

90.11(1)(c) (c) Upon receipt of the fence viewers’ certificate, the complaining party may demand the amount of the expense determined by the fence viewers, together with the fence viewers’ fees, from the defaulting, adjoining owner or occupant. If the adjoining owner or occupant fails to pay the expenses and fees for one month after the complaining party has demanded payment, the amount of expenses and fees together with interest at the rate of 1 percent per month shall constitute a special charge and lien against the adjoining owner’s or occupant’s lands and may be recovered in the manner provided in sub. (2).

90.11(2) (2) 

90.11(2)(a) (a) The complaining party may file the certificate executed and delivered to him or her under sub. (1) (b) with the clerk of the town in which the lands charged with the expense and fees set forth in the certificate are located. Upon the filing of the certificate, the town clerk shall issue a warrant for the amount of the listed expenses and fees upon the town treasurer payable to the person to whom the certificate was executed and delivered.

90.11(2)(b) (b) The amount paid by the town treasurer under par. (a) together with interest at the rate of 1 percent per month shall be included by the town clerk in the next tax roll as a special charge against the lands charged with the expense and fees. The special charge shall be collected by the town treasurer with the other taxes in the town. Any special charge under this paragraph remaining unpaid shall be added to the list of delinquent taxes returned to the county treasurer. The county treasurer shall collect the delinquent special charge or sell the land as for delinquent taxes. All proceedings in relation to the sale of land for a delinquent special charge shall be the same in all respects as in the case of land sold for other delinquent taxes. Every county treasurer who shall collect or receive any moneys on account of delinquent charges under this subsection shall pay the moneys received to the treasurer of the proper town.

90.11 History History: 1991 a. 316; 1997 a. 253.

90.11 Annotation The remedy in this section is the exclusive remedy available for the recovery of costs of repairing a fence that an adjoining owner or occupant had been lawfully directed by fence viewers to build or repair. The fence viewers’ determination of recoverable expenses is subject to common law certiorari review. Tomaszewski v. Giera, 2003 WI App 65, 260 Wis. 2d 569, 659 N.W.2d 882, 02-2409.

90.11 Annotation This chapter’s plain language, when read in light of s. 990.01 (42), unambiguously authorizes a city to administer the enforcement procedures of this chapter. White v. City of Watertown, 2019 WI 9, 385 Wis. 2d 320, 922 N.W.2d 61, 16-2259.

90.12 90.12 Apportionment of cost of fence. When, in any controversy that may arise between occupants of adjoining lands as to their respective rights in any partition fence, it shall appear to the fence viewers that either of the occupants had, before any complaint made to them, voluntarily erected the whole fence, or more than that occupant’s just share of the same, or otherwise become proprietor thereof, the other occupant shall pay for so much as may be assigned to him or her to repair or maintain; the just value thereof which the other occupant ought to pay shall be ascertained by proceeding as prescribed in s. 90.11.

90.12 History History: 1991 a. 316.

90.13 90.13 Partition fence on newly enclosed land.

90.13(1) (1) When any previously unenclosed land is enclosed, the owner or occupant of the newly enclosed land shall pay for 50 percent of each partition fence standing upon the line between that owner’s or occupant’s land and the enclosure of any other owner or occupant, unless the line has been previously divided. If the line has been previously divided, the owner or occupant of the newly enclosed land shall pay the value of the fence on the part of the line previously assigned to that owner or occupant. In either case, the value of the fence at the time shall be ascertained on the application of either adjoining owner or occupant as provided in s. 90.11, if the parties do not agree.

90.13(2) (2) If the responsible owner or occupant fails to pay the value for 60 days after the value has been ascertained and demand made, the proprietor of the fence may recover the value with the fence viewers’ fees and costs.

90.13 History History: 1991 a. 316; 1997 a. 253.

90.14 90.14 Fence on town line. In all cases where the line upon which a partition fence is to be made or to be divided is the boundary line between towns or partly in one town and partly in another a fence viewer shall be taken from each town; and divisions of such fences by them or by agreement of the parties shall be recorded in the office of the clerk of each town.

90.14 Annotation This chapter’s plain language, when read in light of s. 990.01 (42), unambiguously authorizes a city to administer the enforcement procedures of this chapter. White v. City of Watertown, 2019 WI 9, 385 Wis. 2d 320, 922 N.W.2d 61, 16-2259.

90.15 90.15 Fees of viewers; neglect of duty. A fence viewer is entitled to the following fees and expenses for services rendered under this chapter: daily employment, mileage, service of notice or process and folios written. The rate of pay for the fees and expenses shall be set by the viewer’s city, village or town. The fees and expenses shall be paid equally by the parties to the controversy, and if any of them neglect to pay the same within 30 days after the services are performed, each fence viewer may recover from delinquent parties jointly double the amount of the fees and expenses. A fence viewer who neglects to perform his or her duties shall forfeit $5 and be liable to the injured party for damages. Fence viewers may administer oaths for purposes of this chapter.

90.15 History History: 1979 c. 221.

90.16 90.16 Record of partition. Every partition of a division fence or line made by fence viewers, signed and recorded as hereinbefore provided, and the record or a certified copy thereof, shall be presumptive evidence of the regularity of all the proceedings prior to the making thereof.

90.20 90.20 Fencing of farm-raised deer that are not white-tailed deer.

90.20(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

90.20(1)(a) (a) “Farm-raised deer” has the meaning given in s. 95.001 (1) (ag).

90.20(1)(b) (b) “Heavily galvanized” means having a zinc coating weighing 230 grams per square meter or 0.8 ounces per square foot.

90.20(1)(c) (c) “High tensile” means having a tensile strength of 179,000 to 210,000 pounds per square inch.

90.20(1)(d) (d) “Medium tensile” means having a tensile strength of 101,000 to 123,000 pounds per square inch.

90.20(2) (2) Specifications. Unless s. 90.21 or 95.55 (1) (c) applies, any person who keeps farm-raised deer shall keep the farm-raised deer enclosed by a fence that meets all of the following requirements:

90.20(2)(a) (a) Except for animals of the genus rangifer, the fence is at least 7 feet 10 inches high and is a woven wire fence that satisfies sub. (3), is a high tensile fence that satisfies sub. (4) or, if made of other materials, is of a design and level of strength that provides equivalent retentive capacity. The top 6 inches of the fence may consist of a single strand of smooth high tensile wire.

90.20(2)(b) (b) For animals of the genus rangifer, the fence is at least 5 feet high and is a woven wire fence that satisfies sub. (3), is a high tensile fence that satisfies sub. (4) or, if made of other materials, is of a design and level of strength that provides equivalent retentive capacity.

90.20(2)(c) (c) If the fence is made with wood posts, all of the following apply:

90.20(2)(c)1. 1. The posts are at least 12 feet long.

90.20(2)(c)2. 2. The tops of the line posts are, if rectangular, at least 3.5 inches in the smallest dimension or, if round, at least 3.5 inches in diameter.

90.20(2)(c)3. 3. The tops of the corner and gate posts are, if rectangular, at least 5.5 inches in the smallest dimension or, if round, at least 5.5 inches in diameter.

90.20(2)(c)4. 4. The wires are held securely to the posts, allowing for free movement of the horizontal line wires, using 9-gauge staples of at least 1.5 inch size.

90.20(2)(d) (d) If the fence is made with steel or iron posts, the posts are at least 11 feet long or, if the posts are of the type known as T post, the posts are at least 10 feet long.

90.20(2)(e) (e) The wires are installed on the side of the fence toward the farm-raised deer except at corners.

90.20(3) (3) Woven wire fence. A woven wire fence satisfies the requirements of this subsection if all of the following apply:

90.20(3)(a) (a) The wire is 14 1/2 gauge or heavier.

90.20(3)(b) (b) If the wire is 14 1/2 gauge, the mesh is not larger than 36 square inches.

90.20(3)(c) (c) If the wire is heavier than 14 1/2 gauge, the mesh is not larger than 48 square inches.

90.20(3)(d) (d) The posts are not more than 12 feet apart.

90.20(4) (4) High tensile fence. A high tensile fence satisfies the requirements of this subsection if all of the following apply:

90.20(4)(a) (a) The horizontal line wires are not less than 2.5 millimeters in size and are heavily galvanized high tensile wire.

90.20(4)(b) (b) The vertical stay wires are not less than 2.5 millimeters in size and are heavily galvanized medium tensile wire.

90.20(4)(c) (c) The knot wire is not less than 2.24 millimeters in size and is heavily galvanized mild steel.

90.20(4)(d) (d) The distance between vertical stay wires is not more than 6 inches.

90.20(4)(e) (e) The distance between horizontal line wires is not more than 4 inches in the bottom foot of the fence, is not more than 6.5 inches in the next 2 feet of the fence and is not more than 8.5 inches in the rest of the fence.

90.20(4)(f) (f) The posts are not more than 20 feet apart.

90.20 History History: 1995 a. 79; 2001 a. 56; 2005 a. 409.

90.21 90.21 Fencing of farm-raised deer; white-tailed deer.

90.21(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

90.21(1)(a) (a) “Department” means the department of natural resources.

90.21(1)(b) (b) “Farm-raised deer” has the meaning given in s. 95.001 (1) (ag).

90.21(2) (2) Requirements.

90.21(2)(a) (a) No person may keep farm-raised deer if any of the farm-raised deer are white-tailed deer unless all of the farm-raised deer are contained in a fenced area for which the person holds a valid fence inspection certificate issued by the department under this section.

90.21(2)(b) (b) The department may not issue a fence inspection certificate under this section for a fence that is used to contain farm-raised deer that are white-tailed deer unless the fence meets the requirements established by the department by rule under sub. (6).

90.21(2)(c) (c) No person may apply for registration under s. 95.55 in order to keep farm-raised deer that are white-tailed deer without being first issued a fence inspection certificate under this section.

90.21(2)(d) (d) Notwithstanding pars. (a) and (b), a person may keep farm-raised deer and the department shall issue a fence inspection certificate under this section if the fence complies with s. 95.55 (1) (c) 2.

90.21(3) (3) Fees.

90.21(3)(a) (a) The fee for a fence inspection certificate issued under this section is $50 for a fenced area that is less than 80 acres in size and $100 for a fenced area that is 80 acres or more in size.

90.21(3)(b) (b) If a person expands a fenced area that is less than 80 acres in size during the period that the fence inspection certificate issued under this section is valid so that the fenced area is 80 acres or more in size, the person shall apply for a new fence inspection certificate and pay an additional fee of $50.

90.21(3)(c) (c) A fence inspection certificate issued under par. (a) or (b) shall be valid from the date of issuance until the 10th December 31 following the date of issuance.

90.21(4) (4) New operations; driving out of wild deer. A person who is starting an operation to keep farm-raised deer that are white-tailed deer and who is applying for a fence inspection certificate under this section shall make a reasonable effort to drive any wild white-tailed deer from the area to be fenced before the area is completely closed. No person may place any baiting material in attempt to attract white-tailed deer to remain in the fenced area. If the department issues a certificate under this section, the department shall determine whether any white-tailed deer remaining in the area after the area is completely closed will be killed or will be sold to the holder of the certificate. If the white-tailed deer are to be killed, the department shall determine how the deer will be killed. If the white-tailed deer are to be sold, the holder of the certificate shall pay the department the fair market value for each deer.

90.21(5) (5) Existing operations. A person who holds a license under s. 29.871, 1999 stats., on January 1, 2003, may continue to keep white-tailed deer, and the department shall automatically issue the person a fence inspection certificate under this section that will be valid during the period beginning on January 1, 2003, and ending on the 30th day after the effective date of the rules promulgated under sub. (6).

90.21(6) (6) Rules. The department shall promulgate rules to establish requirements for fences for which fence inspection certificates are issued under this section. If the rules include provisions authorizing the placement of fences in navigable bodies of water, s. 30.12 does not apply to fences placed in compliance with these rules.

90.21(7) (7) Enforcement authority. If a fence fails to comply with the requirements established by rule under sub. (6), the department may issue an order directing the person who is required to maintain the fence to bring the fence into compliance within 10 days after the issuance of the order. If the person fails to comply with the order within 10 days of its issuance, the department may revoke the applicable fence inspection certificate.

90.21(8) (8) Penalties.

90.21(8)(a) (a) Any person who violates this section, or a rule promulgated under this section, shall be subject to a forfeiture of not more than $200.

90.21(8)(b) (b) In addition to or in lieu of the forfeiture specified in par. (a), a court may suspend a fence inspection certificate issued under this section, a registration issued under s. 95.55 that authorizes the defendant to keep farm-raised deer, or both, for a period of up to 3 years.

90.21(8)(c) (c) The department may revoke any fence inspection certificate issued under this section to which any of the following applies:

90.21(8)(c)1. 1. The holder fails to comply with an order issued under sub. (7).

90.21(8)(c)2. 2. The department determines that the certificate was fraudulently procured, or erroneously issued.

90.21 History History: 2001 a. 56, 105; 2005 a. 409.