SB107: Bill Text

Current law provides that the liability of an adjudicated father of a child for past support is limited to support for the period after the birth of the child. The bill changes this to support for the period after the man is adjudicated to be the father.

Current law provides that, with certain exceptions, records of paternity proceedings are closed. The bill provides that the records are open to public inspection if the alleged father was adjudicated to be the father.

Miscellaneous changes

The bill makes an important change related to the appointment of a guardian ad litem. Under current law, a court in an action affecting the family must appoint a guardian ad litem for a minor child to represent the interests of the minor child if the court has reason for special concern as to the welfare of the child or if legal custody or physical placement is contested. The court must also appoint a guardian ad litem to bring a paternity action on behalf of a minor nonmarital child if the state is barred from commencing a paternity action by a statute of limitations and the child's custodian is receiving benefits under W-2 or an application for legal services has been filed on behalf of the child with the state child support program. The bill retains the requirement that the court appoint a guardian ad litem to bring a paternity action on behalf of a minor nonmarital child under the same circumstances as under current law, but prohibits the court from appointing a guardian ad litem under any other circumstances in an action affecting the family. Under the bill, if the court has reason for special concern as to the welfare of a minor child, the court must order one or both parents to file a petition alleging that the child is in need of protection or services. If the court takes jurisdiction of the child on the basis of that petition, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem for the proceedings related to that petition.

Another important change relates to temporary orders. Under current law, the court or family court commissioner may, upon request, make temporary orders pending the final judgment in an action affecting the family concerning such matters as custody and physical placement of minor children, child support and payment of debts. Under the bill, the court or family court commissioner is required in every action affecting the family to make a temporary order that grants joint legal custody of any minor children to the parties and that grants the parties equal periods of physical placement with any minor children of the parties.

Current law provides that the liability of a man who has signed and filed a statement acknowledging paternity to pay past support is limited to support for the period after the birth of the child. The bill changes this to support for the period after the date on which the statement acknowledging paternity was filed with the state registrar.

The bill makes a number of other miscellaneous changes. Under current law, a divorce action may not be commenced unless at least one of the parties has been a resident of the county in which the action is brought for not less than 30 days. This residency requirement is lengthened to six months. Stipulations under current law are subject to the approval of the court. The bill generally removes this approval requirement and requires the court to incorporate into the appropriate judgment or order any stipulation of the parties. Under current law, the parties to an action affecting the family are prohibited from certain actions during the pendency of the action, including establishing a residence with a minor child of the parties outside the state or more than 150 miles from the residence of the other party within the state, removing a minor child of the parties from the state for more than 90 consecutive days or concealing a minor child of the parties from the other party. The bill instead prohibits any party from establishing a legal residence for a minor child of the parties outside the school district in which the child resided on the 180th day before the commencement of the action, or since birth if the child is less than six months old, or other school district agreed upon by the parties, and from removing a minor child of the parties from the state for 14 consecutive days or more without the written approval of the other party. The bill also makes some changes in the mediation procedure under current law and requires the court to approve any agreement that the parties reach as a result of mediation, as long as it is knowingly and voluntarily made and not unconscionable.

For further information see the state and local fiscal estimate, which will be printed as an appendix to this bill.

The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:

SB107, s. 1 Section 1. 20.921 (2) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,8,9 20.921 (2) (a) Whenever it becomes necessary in pursuance of any federal or state law or court-ordered assignment of income under s. 46.10 (14) (e), 301.12 (14) (e), 767.23 (1) (L) (1c) (i), 767.25 (4m) (c), 767.265, 767.51 (3m) (c) or 767.62 (4) (b) 3. to make deductions from the salaries of state officers or employes or employes of the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority, the state agency or authority by which the officers or employes are employed is responsible for making such deductions and paying over the total thereof for the purposes provided by the laws or orders under which they were made.

SB107, s. 2 Section 2. 49.141 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,9,2 49.141 (1) (b) "Custodial parent" means, with respect to a dependent child, a parent who resides with that child and, if there has been a determination of legal custody with respect to the dependent child, has legal custody of that child. For the purposes of this paragraph, "legal custody" has the meaning given in s. 767.001 (2) (a).

SB107, s. 3 Section 3. 51.30 (5) (bm) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,9,7 51.30 (5) (bm) Parents denied physical placement. A parent who has been denied periods of physical placement with a child under s. 767.24 (4) (b) or 767.325 (4) may not have the rights of a parent or guardian under pars. (a) and (b) with respect to access to that child's court or treatment records.

SB107, s. 4 Section 4. 55.07 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,9,11 55.07 (2) A parent who has been denied periods of physical placement under s. 767.24 (4) (b) or 767.325 (4) may not have the rights of a parent or guardian with respect to access to a child's records under this chapter.

SB107, s. 5 Section 5. 102.27 (2) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,9,15 102.27 (2) (a) A benefit under this chapter is assignable under s. 46.10 (14) (e), 301.12 (14) (e), 767.23 (1) (L) (1c) (i), 767.25 (4m) (c), 767.265 (1), 767.51 (3m) (c) or 767.62 (4) (b) 3.

SB107, s. 6 Section 6. 115.76 (12) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,9,25 115.76 (12) "Parent" means a biological parent; a husband who has consented to the artificial insemination of his wife under s. 891.40; a male who is presumed to be the child's father under s. 891.41; a male who has been adjudicated the child's father under subch. VIII of ch. 48, under ss. 767.45 to 767.51, by final order or judgment of an Indian tribal court of competent jurisdiction or by final order or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in another state; an adoptive parent; a legal guardian; a person acting as a parent of a child; a person appointed as a sustaining parent under s. 48.428; or a person assigned as a surrogate parent under s. 115.792 (1) (a) 2. "Parent" does not include any person whose parental rights have been terminated; the state or a county or a child welfare agency if a child was made a ward of the state or a county or child welfare agency under ch. 880 or if a child has been placed in the legal custody or guardianship of the state or a county or a child welfare agency under ch. 48 or ch. 767; or an American Indian tribal agency if the child was made a ward of the agency or placed in the legal custody or guardianship of the agency.

SB107, s. 7 Section 7. 146.835 of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,10,11 146.835 Parents denied physical placement rights. A parent who has been denied periods of physical placement under s. 767.24 (4) (b) or 767.325 (4) may not have the rights of a parent or guardian under this chapter with respect to access to that child's patient health care records under s. 146.82 or 146.83.

SB107, s. 8 Section 8. 757.48 (1) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,10,18 757.48 (1) (a) Except as provided in s. 879.23 (4), in all matters in which a guardian ad litem is appointed by the court, the guardian ad litem shall be an attorney admitted to practice in this state. In order to be appointed as a guardian ad litem under s. 767.045, an attorney shall have completed 3 hours of approved continuing legal education relating to the functions and duties of a guardian ad litem under ch. 767.

SB107, s. 9 Section 9. 758.19 (5) (a) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,10,21 758.19 (5) (a) 2. Fees for expert witnesses called by the guardian ad litem under s. 767.045 (6), 1997 stats., if either or both parties are unable to pay those fees.

SB107, s. 10 Section 10. 767.001 (1s) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,11,2 767.001 (1s) "Joint legal custody" means the condition under which both parties share legal custody and neither party's legal custody rights are superior, except with respect to specified decisions as set forth stipulated by the court or the parties and set forth in the final judgment or order.

SB107, s. 11 Section 11. 767.001 (2) (intro.) and (a) of the statutes are consolidated, renumbered 767.001 (2) and amended to read:

SB107,11,9 767.001 (2) "Legal custody" means: (a) With,with respect to any person granted legal custody of a child, other than a county agency or a licensed child welfare agency under par. (b), the right and responsibility to make major decisions concerning the child, except with respect to specified decisions as set forth stipulated by the court or the parties and set forth in the final judgment or order.

SB107, s. 12 Section 12. 767.001 (2) (b) of the statutes is repealed.

SB107, s. 13 Section 13. 767.001 (2m) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,11,15 767.001 (2m) "Major decisions" includes, but is not limited to, means decisions regarding consent to marry, consent to enter military service, consent to obtain a motor vehicle operator's license, and authorization for nonemergency health care and choice of school and religion.

SB107, s. 14 Section 14. 767.001 (3) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,11,23 767.001 (3) "Mediation" means a cooperative process involving the parties and a mediator, the purpose of which is to help the parties, by applying communication and dispute resolution skills, define and resolve their own disagreements, with the best interest of the child as the paramount consideration and to encourage the parties to cooperate in making decisions regarding their minor children, based on the principle that each parent has an equal right of access to and equal responsibility to provide care for their minor children.

SB107, s. 15 Section 15. 767.001 (4m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB107,12,2 767.001 (4m) "Nonemergency health care" means routine health care and includes such care as acute illness care, physical examinations and dental care.

SB107, s. 16 Section 16. 767.02 (1) (k) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,12,6 767.02 (1) (k) Concerning periods of physical placement or visitation rights to children, including an action to prohibit a move with or the removal of a child under s. 767.327 (3) (c).

SB107, s. 17 Section 17. 767.045 of the statutes is repealed and recreated to read:

SB107,12,15 767.045 Petition to juvenile court; guardian ad litem. (1) Notwithstanding s. 803.01 (3) and except as provided in sub. (2), the court may not appoint a guardian ad litem for a minor child in an action affecting the family. If at any time during the pendency of an action affecting the family in which a minor child is involved the court has reason for special concern as to the welfare of the minor child, the court shall order a parent or the parents to file a petition under s. 48.25 (1) to initiate proceedings under s. 48.13. If the court takes jurisdiction over the child under s. 48.13, the court may appoint a guardian ad litem as provided in s. 48.235.

SB107,12,22 (2) (a) The attorney responsible for support enforcement under s. 59.53 (6) (a) may request that the court or family court commissioner appoint a guardian ad litem to bring an action or motion on behalf of a minor who is a nonmarital child whose paternity has not been acknowledged under s. 767.62 (1) or a substantially similar law of another state or adjudicated for the purpose of determining the paternity of the child, and the court or family court commissioner shall appoint a guardian ad litem, if any of the following applies:

SB107,13,2 1. Aid is provided under s. 46.261, 48.57 (3m) or (3n), 49.19 or 49.45 on behalf of the child, or benefits are provided to the child's custodial parent under ss. 49.141 to 49.161, but the state and its delegate under s. 49.22 (7) are barred by a statute of limitations from commencing an action under s. 767.45 on behalf of the child.

SB107,13,6 2. An application for legal services has been filed with the child support program under s. 49.22 on behalf of the child, but the state and its delegate under s. 49.22 (7) are barred by a statute of limitations from commencing an action under s. 767.45 on behalf of the child.

SB107,13,10 (b) A guardian ad litem appointed under par. (a) shall bring an action or motion for the determination of the child's paternity. The appointment of a guardian ad litem under par. (a) terminates upon the entry of the court's order determining the existence or nonexistence of paternity.

SB107, s. 18 Section 18. 767.05 (1m) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,13,22 767.05 (1m) Residence. No action under s. 767.02 (1) (a) or (b) may be brought unless at least one of the parties has been a bona fide resident of the county in which the action is brought for not less than 30 days 6 months next preceding the commencement of the action, or unless the marriage has been contracted within this state within one year prior to the commencement of the action. No action under s. 767.02 (1) (c) or (d) may be brought unless at least one of the parties has been a bona fide resident of the county in which the action is brought for not less than 30 days 6 months next preceding the commencement of the action. No action under s. 767.02 (1) (c) may be brought unless at least one of the parties has been a bona fide resident of this state for not less than 6 months next preceding the commencement of the action.

SB107, s. 19 Section 19. 767.081 (2) (a) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,14,3 767.081 (2) (a) (intro.) The family court commissioner shall, with or without charge, provide the party with written information on the following, as appropriate to the action commenced:

SB107, s. 20 Section 20. 767.083 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,14,9 767.083 (2) An order by the court, after consideration of the recommendation of the family court commissioner, directing an immediate hearing on the petition for the protection of the health or safety of either of the parties or of any child of the marriage parties or for other emergency reasons consistent with the policies of this chapter. The court shall upon granting such order specify the grounds therefor.

SB107, s. 21 Section 21. 767.085 (1) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,14,13 767.085 (1) (a) The name and birthdate of the parties, the social security numbers of the husband and wife parties and their occupations, the date and place of marriage and the facts relating to the residence of both parties.

SB107, s. 22 Section 22. 767.085 (1) (j) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,14,18 767.085 (1) (j) (intro.) Unless the action is one under s. 767.02 (1) (g) or (h), that during the pendency of the action, the parties are prohibited from, and may be held in contempt of court for, doing any of the following without the consent of the other party or an order of the court or family court commissioner:

SB107, s. 23 Section 23. 767.085 (1) (j) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,14,24 767.085 (1) (j) 1. Establishing a residence with for a minor child of the parties outside the state or more than 150 miles from the residence of the other party within the state school district in which the child resided on the 180th day before the commencement of the action, or since birth if the child is less than 6 months old, or other school district agreed upon by the parties.

SB107, s. 24 Section 24. 767.085 (1) (j) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,15,2 767.085 (1) (j) 2. Removing a minor child of the parties from the state for more than 90 14 consecutive days or more without the written approval of the other party.

SB107, s. 25 Section 25. 767.085 (2) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,15,6 767.085 (2) (a) Either or both of the parties to the marriage may initiate the action. The party initiating the action or his or her attorney shall sign the petition. Both parties or their respective attorneys shall sign a joint petition.

SB107, s. 26 Section 26. 767.087 (1) (c) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,15,16 767.087 (1) (c) Unless the action is one under s. 767.02 (1) (g) or (h), without the consent of the other party or an order of the court or family court commissioner, establishing a residence with for a minor child of the parties outside the state or more than 150 miles from the residence of the other party within the state school district in which the child resided on the 180th day before the commencement of the action, or since birth if the child is less than 6 months old, or other school district agreed upon by the parties, removing a minor child of the parties from the state for more than 90 14 consecutive days or more without the written approval of the other party or concealing a minor child of the parties from the other party.

SB107, s. 27 Section 27. 767.087 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,15,20 767.087 (2) The prohibitions under sub. (1) shall apply until the action is dismissed, or until a final judgment in the action is entered or until the court or family court commissioner orders otherwise.

SB107, s. 28 Section 28. 767.087 (3) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,16,2 767.087 (3) (b) An act in violation of sub. (1) (c) is not a contempt of court if the court finds that the action was taken to protect a party or by clear and convincing evidence that the party took the action to protect a minor child of the parties from physical abuse by the other party and that there was no reasonable opportunity under the circumstances for the party and that the party obtained or made a reasonable attempt to obtain an order under sub. (2) authorizing the action.

SB107, s. 29 Section 29. 767.10 (1) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,16,8 767.10 (1) The parties in an action for an annulment, divorce or legal separation may, subject to the approval of the court, stipulate for a division of property, for maintenance payments, for the support of children, for periodic family support payments under s. 767.261 or for legal custody and physical placement, in case a divorce or legal separation is granted or a marriage annulled.

SB107, s. 30 Section 30. 767.11 (8) (b) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,16,15 767.11 (8) (b) (intro.) A court may, in its discretion, shall hold a trial or hearing without requiring attendance at the session under par. (a) if the court finds that attending the session will cause undue hardship or would endanger the health or safety of one of the parties. In making its determination of whether attendance at the session would endanger the health or safety of one of the parties, the court shall consider evidence all of the following:

SB107, s. 31 Section 31. 767.11 (8) (b) 1. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,16,19 767.11 (8) (b) 1. That Whether a party engaged in has been convicted of a crime involving abuse, as defined in s. 813.122 (1) (a) 48.02 (1), of the child, as defined in s. 48.02 (2).

SB107, s. 32 Section 32. 767.11 (8) (b) 2. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,16,23 767.11 (8) (b) 2. Interspousal Whether a party has been convicted of battery as described under s. 940.19 or 940.20 (1m) or domestic abuse as defined in s. 813.12 (1) (a) against the other party.

SB107, s. 33 Section 33. 767.11 (8) (b) 3. of the statutes is repealed.

SB107, s. 34 Section 34. 767.11 (8) (b) 4. of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,17,2 767.11 (8) (b) 4. Any other clear and convincing evidence indicating that a party's health or safety will be endangered by attending the session.

SB107, s. 35 Section 35. 767.11 (9) (intro.) and (b) of the statutes are consolidated, renumbered 767.11 (9) and amended to read:

SB107,17,9 767.11 (9) Prohibited issues in mediation. If mediation is provided by a mediator assigned under sub. (6), no issue relating to property division, maintenance or child support may be considered during the mediation unless all of the following apply: (b) The the parties agree in writing to consider the property division, maintenance or child support issue.

SB107, s. 36 Section 36. 767.11 (9) (a) of the statutes is repealed.

SB107, s. 37 Section 37. 767.11 (10) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,17,14 767.11 (10) Powers and duties of mediator. (intro.) A mediator assigned under sub. (6) shall be guided by the best interest of the child and may do any of the following, at his or her discretion:

SB107, s. 38 Section 38. 767.11 (10) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,17,17 767.11 (10) (a) Include the counsel of any party or any appointed both parties and any guardian ad litem appointed under s. 48.235 in the mediation.

SB107, s. 39 Section 39. 767.11 (10) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB107,17,20 767.11 (10) (b) Interview any child of the parties , with or without a party neither of the parties present or with both of the parties present.