SB433: Bill Text

LRB-4752/1

PJK&GMM:jlg:km

1997 - 1998 LEGISLATURE

1997 Senate BILL 433

February 3, 1998 - Introduced by Senators Darling, Farrow, Drzewiecki, Welch, Zien and Weeden, cosponsored by Representatives Green, Zukowski, Ladwig, Duff, Wasserman, Ainsworth, Albers, Kelso, Porter, Dobyns, Goetsch and Harsdorf. Referred to Committee on Judiciary, Campaign Finance Reform and Consumer Affairs.

SB433,1,7 An Act to renumber and amend 48.355 (3), 48.428 (6) and 938.355 (3); to amend 48.345 (3) (a), 48.42 (1m) (b), 48.42 (1m) (c), 48.925 (1) (intro.), 767.245 (1), 880.155 (2) and 938.34 (3) (a); and to create 48.355 (3) (b), 48.357 (4d), 48.42 (1m) (d), 48.428 (6) (b), 48.925 (1m), 767.245 (1m), 767.247, 767.325 (4m), 880.155 (3m), 880.157, 938.355 (3) (b) and 938.357 (4d) of the statutes; relating to: prohibiting the granting of visitation or physical placement with a child to a parent or other person who intentionally kills a parent of the child.

Analysis by the Legislative Reference Bureau

Under current law, in a divorce or legal separation that involves a minor child, the court must award legal custody of the child and allocate to the parents physical placement with the child. The court may not deny a parent physical placement unless the court finds that it would endanger the child's physical, mental or emotional health. In an action affecting the family, the court may grant visitation with a minor child to a grandparent, stepparent or person who has had a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with the child if the court determines that the visitation is in the child's best interest. In a guardianship matter that involves a minor child, the court may grant visitation rights to a grandparent or stepparent of the child if one or both of the child's parents are deceased and the court determines that the visitation is in the child's best interest.

This bill prohibits a court from granting visitation or physical placement rights with a child to a parent of the child or to another person if that parent or other person has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of a parent of the child. The prohibition applies in any action affecting the family that involves the child and in any guardianship matter that involves the child. Additionally, on the motion of a party or on its own motion, a court is required to modify an existing physical placement order by denying a parent physical placement with a child if the parent is convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of the child's other parent. In all of these situations, however, the court may grant visitation or physical placement if the child wishes to have visitation or physical placement with the parent or other person and is mature enough to make such a decision and if the visitation or physical placement would be in the best interests of the child.

Under current law, the court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under the children's code and the juvenile justice code (juvenile court) may place a child or a juvenile who has been adjudged to be in need of protection or services or a juvenile who has been adjudged delinquent in, among other placements, the home of a parent or other relative. Also, under current law, if the juvenile court places such a child or juvenile outside of his or her home, the juvenile court may set reasonable rules of parental visitation if the juvenile court finds that parental visitation would be in the best interests of the child. In addition, under current law, the juvenile court may issue a temporary restraining order and injunction prohibiting a parent against whom a petition for involuntary termination of parental rights (TPR) has been filed from visitation or contact with the child and may order or prohibit visitation by a birth parent of a child who has been placed in sustaining care following a TPR. Finally, under current law, the juvenile court may grant reasonable visitation rights to a relative, for example, a grandparent, who has maintained a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with a child who has been adopted by a stepparent or relative.

This bill prohibits a juvenile court from placing a child or a juvenile who has been adjudged to be in need of protection or services or a juvenile who has been adjudged delinquent in the home of a parent or other relative of the child if the parent or other relative has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of a parent of the child. The bill also prohibits the juvenile court from granting visitation to a parent of such a child or juvenile if the parent has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of the child's other parent. In addition, the bill requires the juvenile court, on petition, to issue a temporary restraining order and injunction prohibiting a parent against whom a petition for involuntary TPR has been filed from visitation or contact with the child if the parent has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of the child's other parent. Similarly, the bill prohibits the juvenile court from granting visitation to a birth parent of a child who has been placed in sustaining care following a TPR if the birth parent has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of the child's other birth parent. Finally, the bill prohibits the juvenile court from granting visitation rights to a relative who has maintained a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with a child if the relative has been convicted of first-degree or 2nd-degree intentional homicide of a parent of the child. In all of these situations, however, the juvenile court may grant the visitation or placement if the child or juvenile wishes to have the visitation or placement and is mature enough to make such a decision and if the visitation or placement would be in the best interests of the juvenile.

The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:

SB433, s. 1 Section 1. 48.345 (3) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,3,10 48.345 (3) (a) The home of a parent or other relative of the child, except that the judge may not designate the home of a parent or other relative of the child as the child's placement if the parent or other relative has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated, unless the judge determines that the child desires to be placed in the home of the parent or other relative and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the placement would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 2 Section 2. 48.355 (3) of the statutes is renumbered 48.355 (3) (a) and amended to read:

SB433,3,16 48.355 (3) (a) If Except as provided in par. (b), if, after a hearing on the issue with due notice to the parent or guardian, the judge court finds that it would be in the best interest of the child, the judge court may set reasonable rules of parental visitation.

SB433, s. 3 Section 3. 48.355 (3) (b) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,4,3 48.355 (3) (b) 1. Except as provided in subd. 2., the court may not grant visitation under par. (a) to a parent of a child if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,4,6 2. Subdivision 1. does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 4 Section 4. 48.357 (4d) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,4,12 48.357 (4d) (a) Except as provided in par. (b), the court may not change a child's placement to a placement in the home of a person who has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,4,15 (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to be placed in the home of the person and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the placement would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 5 Section 5. 48.42 (1m) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,4,22 48.42 (1m) (b) The Subject to par. (d), the court may issue the temporary order ex parte or may refuse to issue the temporary order and hold a hearing on whether to issue an injunction. The temporary order is in effect until a hearing is held on the issuance of an injunction. The court shall hold a hearing on the issuance of an injunction on or before the date of the hearing on the petition to terminate parental rights under s. 48.422 (1).

SB433, s. 6 Section 6. 48.42 (1m) (c) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,5,5 48.42 (1m) (c) Notwithstanding any other order under s. 48.355 (3), the court, subject to par. (d), may grant an injunction prohibiting the respondent from visiting or contacting the child if the court determines that the prohibition would be in the best interests of the child. An injunction under this subsection is effective according to its terms but may not remain in effect beyond the date the court dismisses the petition for termination of parental rights under s. 48.427 (2) or issues an order terminating parental rights under s. 48.427 (3).

SB433, s. 7 Section 7. 48.42 (1m) (d) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,5,12 48.42 (1m) (d) 1. Except as provided in subd. 2., the court shall issue a temporary order and injunction prohibiting a parent of a child from visitation or contact with the child if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,5,15 2. Subdivision 1. does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation or contact with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation or contact would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 8 Section 8. 48.428 (6) of the statutes is renumbered 48.428 (6) (a) and amended to read:

SB433,5,19 48.428 (6) (a) The Except as provided in par. (b), the court may order or prohibit visitation by a birth parent of a child placed in sustaining care.

SB433, s. 9 Section 9. 48.428 (6) (b) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,6,2 48.428 (6) (b) 1. Except as provided in subd. 2., the court may not grant visitation under par. (a) to a birth parent of a child who has been placed in sustaining care if the birth parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other birth parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,6,5 2. Subdivision 1. does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation with the birth parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 10 Section 10. 48.925 (1) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,6,14 48.925 (1) (intro.)  Upon petition by a relative who has maintained a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with a child who has been adopted by a stepparent or relative, the court, subject to subs. (1m) and (2), may grant reasonable visitation rights to that person if the petitioner has maintained such a relationship within 2 years prior to the filing of the petition, if the adoptive parent or parents, or, if a birth parent is the spouse of an adoptive parent, the adoptive parent and birth parent, have notice of the hearing and if the court determines all of the following:

SB433, s. 11 Section 11. 48.925 (1m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,6,21 48.925 (1m) (a) Except as provided in par. (b), the court may not grant visitation rights under sub. (1) to a relative who has maintained a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with a child if the relative has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,6,24 (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation with the relative and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 12 Section 12. 767.245 (1) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,7,5 767.245 (1) Except as provided in sub. subs. (1m) and (2m), upon petition by a grandparent, greatgrandparent, stepparent or person who has maintained a relationship similar to a parent-child relationship with the child, the court may grant reasonable visitation rights to that person if the parents have notice of the hearing and if the court determines that visitation is in the best interest of the child.

SB433, s. 13 Section 13. 767.245 (1m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,7,11 767.245 (1m) (a) Except as provided in par. (b), the court may not grant visitation rights under sub. (1) to a person who has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,7,14 (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation with the person and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 14 Section 14. 767.247 of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,7,22 767.247 Prohibiting visitation or physical placement if a parent kills other parent. (1) Notwithstanding s. 767.24 (1), (4) and (5) and except as provided in sub. (2), in an action under this chapter that affects a minor child, a court may not grant to the child's parent visitation or physical placement rights with the child if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,8,2 (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation or periods of physical placement with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation or periods of physical placement would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 15 Section 15. 767.325 (4m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,8,10 767.325 (4m) Denial of physical placement for killing other parent. (a) Notwithstanding subs. (1) to (4), upon petition, motion or order to show cause by a party or on its own motion, a court shall modify a physical placement order by denying a parent physical placement with a child if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,8,14 (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have physical placement with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that physical placement with the parent would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 16 Section 16. 880.155 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,8,25 880.155 (2) If one or both parents of a minor child are deceased and the child is in the custody of the surviving parent or any other person, a grandparent or stepparent of the child may petition for visitation privileges with respect to the child, whether or not the person with custody is married. The grandparent or stepparent may file the petition in a guardianship or temporary guardianship proceeding under this chapter that affects the minor child or may file the petition to commence an independent action under this chapter. The Except as provided in sub. (3m), the court may grant reasonable visitation privileges to the grandparent or stepparent if the surviving parent or other person who has custody of the child has notice of the hearing and if the court determines that visitation is in the best interest of the child.

SB433, s. 17 Section 17. 880.155 (3m) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,9,6 880.155 (3m) (a) Except as provided in par. (b), the court may not grant visitation privileges to a grandparent or stepparent under this section if the grandparent or stepparent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,9,10 (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation with the grandparent or stepparent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 18 Section 18. 880.157 of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,9,18 880.157 Prohibiting visitation or physical placement if a parent kills other parent. (1) Except as provided in sub. (2), in an action under this chapter that affects a minor child, a court may not grant to a parent of the child visitation or physical placement rights with the child if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,9,22 (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the court determines that the child desires to have visitation or periods of physical placement with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that visitation or periods of physical placement would be in the best interests of the child.

SB433, s. 19 Section 19. 938.34 (3) (a) of the statutes is amended to read:

SB433,9,25 938.34 (3) (a) The home of a parent or other relative of the juvenile, except that the court may not designate the home of a parent or other relative of the juvenile as the juvenile's placement if the parent or other relative has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the juvenile, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated, unless the court determines that the juvenile desires to be placed in the home of the parent or other relative and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the placement would be in the best interests of the juvenile.

SB433, s. 20 Section 20. 938.355 (3) of the statutes is renumbered 938.355 (3) (a) and amended to read:

SB433,10,12 938.355 (3) (a) If Except as provided in par. (b), if, after a hearing on the issue with due notice to the parent or guardian, the court finds that it would be in the best interest of the juvenile, the court may set reasonable rules of parental visitation.

SB433, s. 21 Section 21. 938.355 (3) (b) of the statutes is created to read:

SB433,10,18 938.355 (3) (b) 1. Except as provided in subd. 2., the court may not grant visitation under par. (a) to a parent of a juvenile if the parent has been convicted under s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the juvenile's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.

SB433,10,21 2. Subdivision 1. does not apply if the court determines that the juvenile desires to have visitation with the parent and is sufficiently mature to make such a decision and that the visitation would be in the best interests of the juvenile.