285.33(2)(b)
(b) The rules under
par. (a) shall establish reasonable limits on the direct and indirect expenses that an employer may be required to incur to comply with the rules. The rules shall specify a limit for each of the following:
285.33(2)(b)1.
1. The maximum annual expenses for each worksite subject to the rules.
285.33(2)(b)2.
2. The maximum annual expenses for each employe subject to the rules at a worksite.
285.33(3)(a)(a) Except as provided under
sub. (4) or
(5), if an employer is located in an area that is described before November 15, 1993, by the department under
sub. (1) (a) or
(b) and is subject to the rules promulgated under
sub. (2), the employer shall submit to the department, no later than November 15, 1994, a plan that demonstrates that the employer will comply with the rules no later than November 15, 1996.
285.33(3)(b)
(b) The department may not require as a condition of approving a compliance plan that an employer incur annual expenses greater than the limits established under
sub. (2) (b).
285.33(3)(c)
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, an employer is considered to meet the requirements of this section if the employer's compliance plan is approved by the department and the employer makes reasonable efforts to implement the compliance plan.
285.33(4)(a)(a) Instead of submitting a compliance plan under
sub. (3) (a), an employer may submit to the department a plan for an alternate control program that provides for any of the following:
285.33(4)(a)1.
1. Air quality benefits similar to a compliance plan under
sub. (3) (a), as determined by the department.
285.33(4)(a)2.
2. A reduction of emissions of volatile organic compounds, achieved after August 31, 1995, in the areas described under
sub. (1) (a) or
(b) that is at least 1.3 times the reduction of the emissions of volatile organic compounds that would be achieved under a compliance plan under
sub. (3) (a).
285.33(4)(a)3.
3. A reduction of emissions of volatile organic compounds, achieved after August 31, 1995, in the areas described under
sub. (1) (a) or
(b) that is equal to or greater than the reduction of the emissions of volatile organic compounds that would be achieved under a compliance plan under
sub. (3) (a), if the emissions reduction is included in an operation permit under
s. 285.60 or another document that is enforceable by the federal government.
285.33(4)(b)
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, an employer with an alternate control plan under
par. (a) 1. or
2. that is approved by the department is considered to meet the requirements of this section if the employer makes reasonable efforts to implement the alternate control plan.
285.33(5)(a)(a) If the secretary determines that the requirement for an employe trip reduction program under
42 USC 7511a (d) (1) (B) is suspended or terminated, the secretary may suspend the program under this section.
285.33(5)(b)
(b) If the U.S. congress has passed and the president has signed legislation that eliminates or suspends the requirement for an employe trip reduction program under
42 USC 7511a (d) (1) (B), the governor may suspend the program under this section.
285.33 History
History: 1991 a. 302;
1995 a. 52;
1995 a. 227 s.
464; Stats. 1995 s. 285.33.
285.35
285.35
Clean fuel fleet program. 285.35(2)(a)(a) The department shall issue documents that describe the areas of the state in which clean-fuel vehicle programs are required under
42 USC 7511a (c) (4) (A).
285.35(2)(b)
(b) The department may, by rule, determine areas of the state, other than areas described under
par. (a), in which the department will require clean-fuel vehicle programs. The department may not require a clean-fuel vehicle program in an area unless that requirement is authorized under
s. 285.11 (6).
285.35(3)
(3) Requirements. The department shall promulgate by rule requirements for the use of clean-fuel vehicles and clean alternative fuels by operators of covered fleets in areas identified under
sub. (2) (a) or
(b). The rules shall be in accordance with the requirements applicable to covered fleets under
42 USC 7586 and regulations promulgated under that provision.
285.35 History
History: 1991 a. 302;
1995 a. 227 s.
465; Stats. 1995 s. 285.35.
285.37
285.37
Reformulated gasoline. 285.37(1)
(1)
Definitions. In this section, "reformulated gasoline" means gasoline formulated to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds and toxic air pollutants as provided in
42 USC 7545 (k) (1) to (3).
285.37(2)(a)(a) The department shall issue documents that describe the areas of the state in which the use of reformulated gasoline is required under
42 USC 7545 (k) (5).
285.37(2)(b)
(b) The department shall issue documents that describe areas of the state, other than areas described under
par. (a) or
(c), in which the use of reformulated gasoline is required, if the governor designates the areas in an application under
42 USC 7545 (k) (6) that is approved by the administrator of the federal environmental protection agency.
285.37(2)(c)
(c) The department may, by rule, determine areas of the state, other than areas described under
par. (a) or
(b), in which the department will require the use of reformulated gasoline. The department may not require the use of reformulated gasoline in an area unless that requirement is authorized under
s. 285.11 (6).
285.37(3)(a)(a) Except as provided in
par. (b), beginning on January 1, 1995, no person may sell gasoline in an area described under
sub. (2) (a),
(b) or
(c) unless the gasoline satisfies the minimum specifications for reformulated gasoline under
s. 168.04.
285.37(3)(b)
(b) The secretary, with the approval of the administrator of the federal environmental protection agency, may grant temporary waivers from the prohibition under
par. (a) if fuel that satisfies the minimum specifications for reformulated gasoline is unavailable.
285.37 History
History: 1991 a. 302;
1995 a. 227 s.
466,
467; Stats. 1995 s. 285.37.
285.39
285.39
Volatile organic compounds growth accommodation and replenishment. 285.39(1)
(1)
Growth accommodation calculation. 285.39(1)(a)(a) The growth accommodation for any specified year, as calculated by the department, is the predicted emissions specified in
par. (b) minus the sum of:
285.39(1)(b)
(b) Predicted emissions are the total predicted annual emissions of volatile organic compounds in the volatile organic compound accommodation area necessary to attain and maintain the ambient air quality standard for ozone for the year 2 years before the specified year, as set forth in the plan approved by the U.S. environmental protection agency under
42 USC 7502 (a).
285.39(1)(c)
(c) Net actual emissions are the total actual annual emissions of all volatile organic compounds in the volatile organic compound accommodation area for the year 2 years before the specified year as reported under
sub. (2) (a) minus:
285.39(1)(c)1.
1. The sum of the annual emissions of volatile organic compounds attributable to shutdowns of facilities in the volatile organic accommodation area during the previous year; and
285.39(1)(c)2.
2. If a rule has been promulgated under
sub. (3), the sum of the annual emissions reductions of volatile organic compounds attributable to the sources subject to the rule promulgated under
sub. (3) during the previous year.
285.39(1)(d)
(d) Net certified accommodation credits are the sum of all volatile organic compound growth accommodation credits certified to date under
s. 285.63 (7) or
(8) minus the sum of the actual annual emissions of volatile organic compounds for the year 2 years before the specified year attributable to the sources receiving volatile organic compound growth accommodation credits certified to date under
s. 285.63 (7) or
(8).
285.39(1)(e)
(e) Net offset credits are the sum of all allowable emissions of volatile organic compounds authorized to date attributable to sources subject to an annual volatile organic compounds emission limitation that is specified in an air pollution control permit to operate under an emission reduction option or specified as an emission credit under a plan approved by the U.S. environmental protection agency under
42 USC 7502 (a) or in reports submitted to the U.S. environmental protection agency under the plan minus the sum of the actual annual emissions of volatile organic compounds for the year 2 years before the specified year attributable to sources subject to an annual volatile organic compounds emission limitation that is specified in an air pollution control permit to operate under an emission reduction option or specified as an emission credit under a plan approved by the U.S. environmental protection agency under
42 USC 7502 (a) or in reports submitted to the U.S. environmental protection agency under the plan.
285.39(1)(f)1.
1. Fifteen percent of the annual emissions of volatile organic compounds attributable to shutdowns of facilities in the volatile organic compound accommodation area since January 1, 1987; and
285.39(1)(f)2.
2. If a rule has been promulgated under
sub. (3), 15% of the sum of the annual emissions reductions of volatile organic compounds attributable, since January 1, 1987, to the sources subject to the rule promulgated under
sub. (3).
285.39(2)
(2) Annual reports. The department shall prepare an annual report by January 15, which may be combined with other reports published by the department, that:
285.39(2)(a)
(a) States, on a calendar year basis, the total annual emissions, for the year 2 years before the year in which the report is prepared, of all volatile organic compounds in the volatile organic compound accommodation area, except methylene chloride and methyl chloroform and other volatile organic compounds that the department determines by rule to be compounds that do not contribute to the formation of ozone in the troposphere.
285.39(2)(b)
(b) Includes an annual plan for the management of the volatile organic compounds growth accommodation and replenishment and the growth accommodation replenishment grant program. At a minimum, the plan shall:
285.39(2)(b)1.
1. Indicate the amount of the growth accommodation at the beginning of the year.
285.39(2)(b)2.
2. Indicate the likely amount of the growth accommodation at the end of the year.
285.39(2)(b)3.
3. Report the status of the development and implementation of plans or rules under
subs. (3) to
(5).
285.39(2)(b)4.
4. Report if, during the prior year, the replenishment implementation period has expired.
285.39(3)
(3) Growth accommodation replenishment. The department shall:
285.39(3)(a)
(a) Promulgate rules under
s. 285.30 (6) (e), relating to the inspection of vehicles for tampering with air pollution control equipment.
285.39(3)(b)
(b) Promulgate rules restricting the amount of volatile organic compounds that may be contained in architectural coatings sold at retail in the volatile organic compound accommodation area or for use by a service provider in the volatile organic compound accommodation area. The department may exempt from a rule under this paragraph one or more categories of architectural coatings, based upon the type of coating or the use to which a coating is put, if it would be technically impractical to prohibit a category of architectural coating. The proposed rules shall include a provision to allow for the limited sale and use of the supplies of prohibited architectural coatings that retailers and suppliers in the volatile organic compound area already have in stock at the time of promulgation of the rules.
285.39(3)(c)
(c) Promulgate rules requiring persons who refinish auto bodies in the volatile organic compound accommodation area to use compounds, as solvents to clean painting and related equipment, that do not react to form ozone in the troposphere. The proposed rules shall allow the use of cleaning solvents containing volatile organic compounds that were purchased before the effective date of the proposed rules.
285.39(4)
(4) Report on new replenishment mechanisms. After expiration of the replenishment implementation period, if the department reports under
sub. (2) (b) 1. or determines at any other time that the growth accommodation is less than 3,500 tons, the department shall, with the advice of the department of commerce, submit a report to the chief clerk of each house of the legislature for distribution to the appropriate standing committees of the legislature under
s. 13.172 (3) on how to most effectively and equitably replenish the growth accommodation. The report shall review existing studies and data to evaluate the accuracy of this state's state implementation plan with respect to the effect of emissions from inside and outside the volatile organic compound accommodation area on the ambient air quality within the area.
285.39(5)
(5) Contingent restrictions on existing sources. If at any time the department finds that the growth accommodation is less than 2,500 tons and determines that it is unlikely that the growth accommodation will exceed 2,500 tons in the report under
sub. (2) (b) 1. for the following year because of the inadequacy of replenishment activities at the time or because of facility shutdowns, the department shall implement the rules that specify emission limitations for emissions of volatile organic compounds from stationary sources located in the volatile organic compound accommodation area that were required to report their emissions under
s. 299.15 during calendar year 1987. The emission limitations shall be designed to ensure that the growth accommodation in the subsequent year is not less than 2,500 tons. The emission limitations may not be more restrictive than the lowest achievable emission rate. The department shall implement the emission limitations by source category. For the purpose of this section, the department shall determine a source category according to the type and level of emissions. The department may also use other characteristics which relate to air pollution to determine source categories. The department shall implement the emission limitations based upon ease of implementation, cost-effectiveness and the relative equity of imposing a limitation upon a source category, given any prior limitations of emissions imposed upon that source category. To the extent feasible, the emission limitations shall provide affected sources the opportunity to choose to be subject to either an annual emission limitation or a more restrictive applicable reasonably available control technology rule than was in effect in 1987.
285.39 History
History: 1987 a. 27,
399;
1991 a. 302;
1995 a. 27 s.
9116 (5);
1995 a. 227 s.
500; Stats. 1995 s. 285.39.
SULFUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSION RATES AND GOALS
285.41
285.41
Sulfur dioxide emission rates after 1992; major utilities. 285.41(1)(a)
(a) "Annual emissions" means the number of pounds of sulfur dioxide emissions from all boilers under the ownership or control of a major utility in a given year.
285.41(1)(b)
(b) "Annual heat input" means the heat input, measured in millions of British thermal units, from all boilers under the ownership or control of a major utility in a given year.
285.41(1)(d)
(d) "Commission" means the public service commission.
285.41(1)(e)
(e) "Environmental dispatching" means the operation of the various units under the ownership or control of a major utility in a manner that minimizes the discharge of sulfur dioxide emissions rather than minimizing the cost of operation.
285.41(1)(f)
(f) "Major utility" means a Class A utility, as defined under
s. 199.03 (4), which generates electricity or an electrical cooperative association organized under
ch. 185, if the total sulfur dioxide emissions from all stationary air contaminant sources in this state under the ownership or control of the utility or association exceeded 5,000 tons in any year after 1979.
285.41(1)(g)
(g) "Traded emissions" means the pounds of sulfur dioxide emissions in a given year that a major utility which is the grantor in an agreement under
sub. (2) (b) 1. makes available to the major utility which is the grantee in the agreement.
285.41(2)
(2) Corporate emission rate; trading. 285.41(2)(a)(a) Except as provided under
sub. (4), beginning with 1993, the average number of pounds of sulfur dioxide emissions per million British thermal units of heat input from all boilers under the ownership or control of a major utility for any year may not exceed 1.20.
285.41(2)(b)1.1. Two major utilities may enter into an agreement for trading emissions unless the sum of the proposed traded emissions and the projected annual emissions of the grantor major utility for the year to which the agreement will apply would exceed the actual annual emissions of the grantor major utility in 1985.
285.41(2)(b)2.
2. To determine whether the major utility that is the grantor in an agreement under
subd. 1. is in compliance with
par. (a) in a given year, the department shall add the traded emissions and the grantor's annual emissions and divide the sum by the annual heat input of the grantor.
285.41(2)(b)3.
3. To determine whether the major utility that is the grantee in an agreement under
subd. 1. is in compliance with
par. (a) in a given year, the department shall subtract the traded emissions from the grantee's annual emissions and divide the difference by the annual heat input of the grantee.
285.41(3)
(3) Annual compliance plan required. 285.41(3)(a)(a)
Submission; contents. On or before October 1 of each year beginning with 1992, each major utility shall submit to the department and the commission a plan for achieving compliance with the emission rate under
sub. (2) (a). The plan shall include, at a minimum:
