SB391-SSA1,60,128 (a) An individual who obtains or consents to a final decree or judgment of
9divorce from the decedent or an annulment of their marriage, if the decree or
10judgment is not recognized as valid in this state, unless the 2 subsequently
11participated in a marriage ceremony purporting to marry each other or they
12subsequently held themselves out as husband and wife.
SB391-SSA1,60,1513 (b) An individual who, following an invalid decree or judgment of divorce or
14annulment obtained by the decedent, participates in a marriage ceremony with a 3rd
15individual.
SB391-SSA1,60,1716 (c) An individual who was party to a valid proceeding concluded by an order
17purporting to terminate all property rights based on the marriage with the decedent.
SB391-SSA1,60,21 18(38) "Will" includes a codicil and any document incorporated by reference in a
19testamentary document under s. 853.32 (1) or (2). "Will" does not include a copy,
20unless the copy has been proven as a will under s. 856.17, but "will" does include a
21properly executed duplicate original.
SB391-SSA1,60,2322 subchapter II
23 appointment of guardian
SB391-SSA1,61,3
154.10 Appointment of guardian. (1) A court may appoint a guardian of the
2person or a guardian of the estate, or both, for an individual if the court determines
3that the individual is a minor.
SB391-SSA1,61,6 4(2) (a) A court may appoint a guardian of the estate for an individual if the court
5finds by clear and convincing evidence that the individual is aged at least 18 years
6and is a spendthrift.
SB391-SSA1,61,97 (b) In appointing a guardian of the estate under this subsection or determining
8what powers are appropriate for the guardian of the estate to exercise under s. 54.18
9or 54.20, the court shall consider all of the following:
SB391-SSA1,61,1010 1. The report of the guardian ad litem, as required in s. 54.40 (4).
SB391-SSA1,61,1311 2. The medical or psychological report provided under s. 54.36 (1) and any
12additional medical, psychological, or other evaluation ordered by the court under s.
1354.40 (4) (e) or offered by a party and received by the court.
SB391-SSA1,61,1714 3. Whether other reliable resources are available to provide for the individual's
15personal needs or property management, and whether appointment of a guardian of
16the estate is the least restrictive means to provide for the individual's need for a
17substitute decision maker.
SB391-SSA1,61,1918 4. The preferences, desires, and values of the individual with regard to personal
19needs or property management.
SB391-SSA1,61,2120 5. The nature and extent of the individual's care and treatment needs and
21property and financial affairs.
SB391-SSA1,61,2322 6. Whether the individual's situation places him or her at risk of abuse,
23exploitation, neglect, or violation of rights.
SB391-SSA1,61,2524 7. The extent of the demands placed on the individual by his or her personal
25needs and by the nature and extent of his or her property and financial affairs.
SB391-SSA1,62,2
18. Any mental disability, alcoholism, or other drug dependence of the individual
2and the prognosis of the mental disability, alcoholism, or other drug dependence.
SB391-SSA1,62,53 9. Whether the effect on the individual's evaluative capacity is likely to be
4temporary or long term, and whether the effect may be ameliorated by appropriate
5treatment.
SB391-SSA1,62,66 10. Other relevant evidence.
SB391-SSA1,62,117 (c) Before appointing a guardian of the estate under this subsection or
8determining what powers are appropriate for the guardian of the estate to exercise
9under s. 54.18 or 54.20, the court shall determine if additional medical,
10psychological, social, vocational, or educational evaluation is necessary for the court
11to make an informed decision respecting the individual.
SB391-SSA1,62,1612 (d) In appointing a guardian of the estate under this subsection, the court shall
13authorize the guardian of the estate to exercise only those powers under ss. 54.18 and
1454.20 that are necessary to provide for the individual's personal needs and property
15management and to exercise the powers in a manner that is appropriate to the
16individual and that constitutes the least restrictive form of intervention.
SB391-SSA1,62,19 17(3) (a) A court may appoint a guardian of the person or a guardian of the estate,
18or both, for an individual based on a finding that the individual is incompetent only
19if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that all of the following are true:
SB391-SSA1,62,2020 1. The individual is aged at least 17 years and 9 months.
SB391-SSA1,62,2421 2. For purposes of appointment of a guardian of the person, because of an
22impairment, the individual is unable effectively to receive and evaluate information
23or to make or communicate decisions to such an extent that the individual is unable
24to meet the essential requirements for his or her physical health and safety.
SB391-SSA1,63,4
13. For purposes of appointment of a guardian of the estate, because of an
2impairment, the individual is unable effectively to receive and evaluate information
3or to make or communicate decisions related to management of his or her property
4or financial affairs, to the extent that any of the following applies:
SB391-SSA1,63,55 a. The individual has property that will be dissipated in whole or in part.
SB391-SSA1,63,66 b. The individual is unable to provide for his or her support.
SB391-SSA1,63,77 c. The individual is unable to prevent financial exploitation.
SB391-SSA1,63,118 4. The individual's need for assistance in decision making or communication
9is unable to be met effectively and less restrictively through appropriate and
10reasonably available training, education, support services, health care, assistive
11devices, or other means that the individual will accept.
SB391-SSA1,63,1412 (b) Unless the proposed ward is unable to communicate decisions effectively in
13any way, the determination under par. (a) may not be based on mere old age,
14eccentricity, poor judgment, or physical disability.
SB391-SSA1,63,1815 (c) In appointing a guardian under this subsection, declaring incompetence to
16exercise a right under s. 54.25 (2) (c), or determining what powers are appropriate
17for the guardian to exercise under s. 54.18, 54.20, or 54.25 (2) (d), the court shall
18consider all of the following:
SB391-SSA1,63,1919 1. The report of the guardian ad litem, as required in s. 54.40 (4).
SB391-SSA1,63,2220 2. The medical or psychological report provided under s. 54.36 (1) and any
21additional medical, psychological, or other evaluation ordered by the court under s.
2254.40 (4) (e) or offered by a party and received by the court.
SB391-SSA1,64,223 3. Whether the proposed ward has engaged in any advance planning for
24financial and health care decision making that would avoid guardianship, including

1by executing a durable power of attorney under ch. 243, a power of attorney for health
2care, as defined in s. 155.01 (10), a trust, or a jointly held account.
SB391-SSA1,64,63 4. Whether other reliable resources are available to provide for the individual's
4personal needs or property management, and whether appointment of a guardian is
5the least restrictive means to provide for the individual's need for a substitute
6decision maker.
SB391-SSA1,64,87 5. The preferences, desires, and values of the individual with regard to personal
8needs or property management.
SB391-SSA1,64,109 6. The nature and extent of the individual's care and treatment needs and
10property and financial affairs.
SB391-SSA1,64,1211 7. Whether the individual's situation places him or her at risk of abuse,
12exploitation, neglect, or violation of rights.
SB391-SSA1,64,1413 8. Whether the individual can adequately understand and appreciate the
14nature and consequences of his or her impairment.
SB391-SSA1,64,1515 9. The individual's management of the activities of daily living.
SB391-SSA1,64,1816 10. The individual's understanding and appreciation of the nature and
17consequences of any inability he or she may have with regard to personal needs or
18property management.
SB391-SSA1,64,2019 11. The extent of the demands placed on the individual by his or her personal
20needs and by the nature and extent of his or her property and financial affairs.
SB391-SSA1,64,2121 12. Any physical illness of the individual and the prognosis of the individual.
SB391-SSA1,64,2422 13. Any mental disability, alcoholism, or other drug dependence of the
23individual and the prognosis of the mental disability, alcoholism, or other drug
24dependence.
SB391-SSA1,65,2
114. Any medication with which the individual is being treated and the
2medication's effect on the individual's behavior, cognition, and judgment.
SB391-SSA1,65,53 15. Whether the effect on the individual's evaluative capacity is likely to be
4temporary or long term, and whether the effect may be ameliorated by appropriate
5treatment.
SB391-SSA1,65,66 16. Other relevant evidence.
SB391-SSA1,65,147 (d) Before appointing a guardian under this subsection, declaring
8incompetence to exercise a right under s. 54.25 (2) (c), or determining what powers
9are appropriate for the guardian to exercise under s. 54.18, 54.20, or 54.25 (2) (d), the
10court shall determine if additional medical, psychological, social, vocational, or
11educational evaluation is necessary for the court to make an informed decision
12respecting the individual's competency to exercise legal rights and may obtain
13assistance in the manner provided in s. 55.06 (8) whether or not protective placement
14is made.
SB391-SSA1,65,1915 (e) In appointing a guardian under this subsection, the court shall authorize
16the guardian to exercise only those powers under ss. 54.18, 54.20, and 54.25 (2) (d)
17that are necessary to provide for the individual's personal needs and property
18management and to exercise the powers in a manner that is appropriate to the
19individual and that constitutes the least restrictive form of intervention.
SB391-SSA1,65,23 20(4) If the court appoints both a guardian of the person and a guardian of the
21estate for an individual other than an individual found to be a spendthrift, the court
22may appoint separate persons to be guardian of the person and of the estate, or may
23appoint one person to act as both.
SB391-SSA1,65,25 24(5) The court may appoint coguardians of the person or coguardians of the
25estate, subject to any conditions that the court imposes.
SB391-SSA1,66,2
154.12 (1) (e) Make payment to the agent under a durable power of attorney of
2the ward.
SB391-SSA1,66,33 (f) Make payment to the trustee of any trust created for the benefit of the ward.
SB391-SSA1,66,64 subchapter III
5 nomination of guardian;
6 powers and duties; limitations
SB391-SSA1,66,77 54.15 (1m) Potential conflicts of interest.
SB391-SSA1,66,11 8(2) Agent under durable power of attorney. The court shall appoint as
9guardian of the estate an agent under a proposed ward's durable power of attorney,
10unless the court finds that the appointment of an agent is not in the best interests
11of the proposed ward.
SB391-SSA1,66,15 12(3) Agent under a power of attorney for health care. The court shall appoint
13as guardian of the person the agent under a proposed ward's power of attorney for
14health care, unless the court finds that the appointment of the agent is not in the best
15interests of the proposed ward.
SB391-SSA1,66,16 16(4) Person nominated by proposed ward.
SB391-SSA1,66,19 17(8) Statement of acts by proposed guardian. (a) At least 96 hours before the
18hearing under s. 54.44, the proposed guardian shall submit to the court a sworn and
19notarized statement as to whether any of the following is true:
SB391-SSA1,66,2120 1. The proposed guardian is currently charged with or has been convicted of a
21crime, as defined in s. 939.12.
SB391-SSA1,66,2322 2. The proposed guardian has filed for or received protection under the federal
23bankruptcy laws.
SB391-SSA1,67,3
13. Any license, certificate, permit, or registration of the proposed guardian that
2is required under chs. 440 to 480 or by the laws of another state for the practice of
3a profession or occupation has been suspended or revoked.
SB391-SSA1,67,44 4. The proposed guardian is listed under s. 146.40 (4g) (a) 2.
SB391-SSA1,67,75 (b) If par. (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4. applies to the proposed guardian, he or she shall
6include in the sworn and notarized statement a description of the circumstances
7surrounding the applicable event under par. (a) 1., 2., 3., or 4.
SB391-SSA1,67,14 854.18 General duties and powers of guardian; limitations; immunity.
9(1) A ward retains all his or her rights that are not assigned to the guardian or
10otherwise limited by statute. A guardian acting on behalf of a ward may exercise only
11those powers that the guardian is authorized to exercise by statute or court order.
12A guardian may be granted only those powers necessary to provide for the personal
13needs or property management of the ward in a manner that is appropriate to the
14ward and that constitutes the least restrictive form of intervention.
SB391-SSA1,67,15 15(2) A guardian shall do all of the following:
SB391-SSA1,67,1716 (a) Exercise the degree of care, diligence, and good faith when acting on behalf
17of a ward that an ordinarily prudent person exercises in his or her own affairs.
SB391-SSA1,67,2018 (b) Advocate for the ward's best interests, including, if the ward is protectively
19placed under ch. 55 and if applicable, advocating for the ward's applicable rights
20under ss. 50.09 and 51.61.
SB391-SSA1,67,2221 (c) Exhibit the utmost degree of trustworthiness, loyalty, and fidelity in relation
22to the ward.
SB391-SSA1,67,2323 (d) Notify the court of any change of address of the guardian or ward.
SB391-SSA1,67,24 24(3) No guardian may do any of the following:
SB391-SSA1,68,2
1(b) Lend funds of the ward to another individual or to an entity, unless the court
2first approves the terms, rate of interest, and any requirement for security.
SB391-SSA1,68,10 354.19 Duties of guardian of the estate. Subject to s. 54.18 (1) and except
4as specifically limited in the order of appointment, the guardian of the estate shall,
5following any applicable procedures of s. 54.22, do all of the following in order to
6provide a ward with the greatest amount of independence and self-determination
7with respect to property management in light of the ward's functional level,
8understanding, and appreciation of his or her functional limitations and the ward's
9personal wishes and preferences with regard to managing the activities of daily
10living:
SB391-SSA1,68,12 11(2) Retain, expend, distribute, sell, or invest the ward's property, rents, income,
12benefits, and proceeds and account for all of them, subject to chs. 786 and 881.
SB391-SSA1,68,15 13(3) Determine, if the ward has executed a will, the will's location, determine
14the appropriate persons to be notified in the event of the ward's death, and, if the
15death occurs, notify those persons.
SB391-SSA1,68,17 16(4) Use the ward's income and property to maintain and support the ward and
17any dependents of the ward.
SB391-SSA1,68,18 18(5) Prepare and file an annual account as specified in s. 54.62.
SB391-SSA1,68,20 19(6) At the termination of the guardianship, deliver the ward's assets to the
20persons entitled to them.
SB391-SSA1,68,25 21(8) File, with the register of deeds of any county in which the ward possesses
22real property of which the guardian has actual knowledge, a sworn and notarized
23statement that specifies the legal description of the property, the date that the ward
24is determined to be an incompetent, and the name, address, and telephone number
25of the ward's guardian and any surety on the guardian's bond.
SB391-SSA1,69,3
1(9) For a ward who receives governmental benefits for which a representative
2payee is appropriate, if no representative payee is appointed, apply to be appointed
3the ward's representative payee, or ensure that a representative payee is appointed.
SB391-SSA1,69,4 4(10) Perform any other duty required by the court order.
SB391-SSA1,69,7 554.20 Powers of guardian of the estate. (1) (a) The ward's understanding
6of the harm that he or she is likely to suffer as the result of his or her inability to
7manage property and financial affairs.
SB391-SSA1,69,98 (b) The ward's personal preferences and desires with regard to managing his
9or her activities of daily living.
SB391-SSA1,69,1010 (c) The least restrictive form of intervention for the ward.
SB391-SSA1,69,14 11(2) Powers requiring court approval. The guardian of the estate may do any
12of the following with respect to the ward's income and assets only with the court's
13prior written approval following any petition and upon any notice and hearing that
14the court requires:
SB391-SSA1,69,1615 (a) Make gifts, under the terms, including the frequency, amount, and donees
16specified by the court in approval of a petition under s. 54.21.
SB391-SSA1,69,1817(c) Establish a trust as specified under 42 USC 1396p (d) (4) and transfer assets
18into the trust.
SB391-SSA1,69,2119 (d) Purchase an annuity or insurance contract and exercise rights to elect
20options or change beneficiaries under insurance and annuity policies and to
21surrender the policies for their cash value.
SB391-SSA1,69,2322 (e) Ascertain, establish, and exercise any rights available to the ward under a
23retirement plan or account.
SB391-SSA1,69,2524 (f) Exercise any elective rights that accrue to the ward as the result of the death
25of the ward's spouse or parent.
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