AB481-ASA1,19,128 (b) The notification must include an itemized statement of the claim, a
9description of the goods subject to the lien, a demand for payment within a specified
10time not less than 10 days after receipt of the notification, and a conspicuous
11statement that unless the claim is paid within that time the goods will be advertised
12for sale and sold by auction at a specified time and place.
AB481-ASA1,19,1313 (c) The sale must conform to the terms of the notification.
AB481-ASA1,19,1514 (d) The sale must be held at the nearest suitable place to where the goods are
15held or stored.
AB481-ASA1,19,2316 (e) After the expiration of the time given in the notification, an advertisement
17of the sale must be published once a week for 2 weeks consecutively in a newspaper
18of general circulation where the sale is to be held. The advertisement must include
19a description of the goods, the name of the person on whose account the goods are
20being held, and the time and place of the sale. The sale must take place at least 15
21days after the first publication. If there is no newspaper of general circulation where
22the sale is to be held, the advertisement must be posted at least 10 days before the
23sale in not less than 6 conspicuous places in the neighborhood of the proposed sale.
AB481-ASA1,20,3 24(3) Before any sale pursuant to this section, any person claiming a right in the
25goods may pay the amount necessary to satisfy the lien and the reasonable expenses

1incurred in complying with this section. In that event, the goods may not be sold but
2must be retained by the warehouse subject to the terms of the receipt and this
3chapter.
AB481-ASA1,20,4 4(4) A warehouse may buy at any public sale held pursuant to this section.
AB481-ASA1,20,7 5(5) A purchaser in good faith of goods sold to enforce a warehouse's lien takes
6the goods free of any rights of persons against which the lien was valid, despite the
7warehouse's noncompliance with this section.
AB481-ASA1,20,10 8(6) A warehouse may satisfy its lien from the proceeds of any sale pursuant to
9this section but shall hold the balance, if any, for delivery on demand to any person
10to which the warehouse would have been bound to deliver the goods.
AB481-ASA1,20,12 11(7) The rights provided by this section are in addition to all other rights allowed
12by law to a creditor against a debtor.
AB481-ASA1,20,14 13(8) If a lien is on goods stored by a merchant in the course of its business, the
14lien may be enforced in accordance with sub. (1) or (2).
AB481-ASA1,20,17 15(9) A warehouse is liable for damages caused by failure to comply with the
16requirements for sale under this section and, in case of willful violation, is liable for
17conversion.
AB481-ASA1,20,1818 Subchapter III
AB481-ASA1,20,2019 Bills of lading: Special
20 provisions
AB481-ASA1,21,7 21407.301 Liability for nonreceipt or misdescription; "said to contain";
22"shipper's load and count"; improper handling.
(1) A consignee of a
23nonnegotiable bill of lading which has given value in good faith, or a holder to which
24a negotiable bill has been duly negotiated, relying upon the description of the goods
25in the bill or upon the date shown in the bill, may recover from the issuer damages

1caused by the misdating of the bill or the nonreceipt or misdescription of the goods,
2except to the extent that the document of title indicates that the issuer does not know
3whether any part or all of the goods in fact were received or conform to the
4description, such as in a case in which the description is in terms of marks or labels
5or kind, quantity, or condition or the receipt or description is qualified by "contents
6or condition of contents of packages unknown," "said to contain," "shipper's weight,
7load, and count," or words of similar import, if that indication is true.
AB481-ASA1,21,12 8(2) If goods are loaded by the issuer of the bill of lading, the issuer shall count
9the packages of goods if shipped in packages and ascertain the kind and quantity if
10shipped in bulk and words such as "shipper's weight, load, and count," or words of
11similar import indicating that the description was made by the shipper are
12ineffective except as to goods concealed by packages.
AB481-ASA1,21,17 13(3) If bulk goods are loaded by a shipper that makes available to the issuer of
14the bill of lading adequate facilities for weighing those goods, the issuer shall
15ascertain the kind and quantity within a reasonable time after receiving the
16shipper's request in a record to do so. In that case, "shipper's weight" or words of
17similar import are ineffective.
AB481-ASA1,21,22 18(4) The issuer, by including in the bill of lading the words "shipper's weight,
19load, and count," or words of similar import, may indicate that the goods were loaded
20by the shipper, and, if that statement is true, the issuer is not liable for damages
21caused by the improper loading. However, omission of such words does not imply
22liability for damages caused by improper loading.
AB481-ASA1,22,3 23(5) A shipper guarantees to the issuer the accuracy at the time of shipment of
24the description, marks, labels, number, kind, quantity, condition, and weight, as
25furnished by the shipper, and the shipper shall indemnify the issuer against damage

1caused by inaccuracies in those particulars. This right of the issuer to that indemnity
2does not limit its responsibility or liability under the contract of carriage to any
3person other than the shipper.
AB481-ASA1,22,12 4407.302 Through bills of lading and similar documents of title. (1) The
5issuer of a through bill of lading or other document of title embodying an undertaking
6to be performed in part by a person acting as its agent or by a performing carrier is
7liable to any person entitled to recover on the document for any breach by the other
8person or the performing carrier of its obligation under the document. However, to
9the extent that the bill covers an undertaking to be performed overseas or in territory
10not contiguous to the continental United States or an undertaking including matters
11other than transportation, this liability for breach by the other person or the
12performing carrier may be varied by agreement of the parties.
AB481-ASA1,22,19 13(2) If goods covered by a through bill of lading or other document of title
14embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person other than the issuer
15are received by that person, the person is subject, with respect to its own performance
16while the goods are in its possession, to the obligation of the issuer. The person's
17obligation is discharged by delivery of the goods to another person pursuant to the
18document and does not include liability for breach by any other person or by the
19issuer.
AB481-ASA1,22,23 20(3) The issuer of a through bill of lading or other document of title described
21in sub. (1) is entitled to recover from the performing carrier, or other person in
22possession of the goods when the breach of the obligation under the document
23occurred, all of the following:
AB481-ASA1,23,3
1(a) The amount it may be required to pay to any person entitled to recover on
2the document for the breach, as may be evidenced by any receipt, judgment, or
3transcript of judgment.
AB481-ASA1,23,64 (b) The amount of any expense reasonably incurred by the issuer in defending
5any action commenced by any person entitled to recover on the document for the
6breach.
AB481-ASA1,23,10 7407.303 Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions. (1) Unless
8the bill of lading otherwise provides, a carrier may deliver the goods to a person or
9destination other than that stated in the bill or may otherwise dispose of the goods,
10without liability for misdelivery, on instructions from any of the following:
AB481-ASA1,23,1111 (a) The holder of a negotiable bill.
AB481-ASA1,23,1312 (b) The consignor on a nonnegotiable bill even if the consignee has given
13contrary instructions.
AB481-ASA1,23,1614 (c) The consignee on a nonnegotiable bill in the absence of contrary instructions
15from the consignor, if the goods have arrived at the billed destination or if the
16consignee is in possession of the tangible bill or in control of the electronic bill.
AB481-ASA1,23,1817 (d) The consignee on a nonnegotiable bill, if the consignee is entitled as against
18the consignor to dispose of the goods.
AB481-ASA1,23,21 19(2) Unless instructions described in sub. (1) are included in a negotiable bill of
20lading, a person to which the bill is duly negotiated may hold the bailee according to
21the original terms.
AB481-ASA1,23,24 22407.304 Tangible bills of lading in a set. (1) Except as customary in
23international transportation, a tangible bill of lading may not be issued in a set of
24parts. The issuer is liable for damages caused by violation of this subsection.
AB481-ASA1,24,3
1(2) If a tangible bill of lading is lawfully issued in a set of parts, each of which
2contains an identification code and is expressed to be valid only if the goods have not
3been delivered against any other part, the whole of the parts constitutes one bill.
AB481-ASA1,24,8 4(3) If a tangible negotiable bill of lading is lawfully issued in a set of parts and
5different parts are negotiated to different persons, the title of the holder to which the
6first due negotiation is made prevails as to both the document of title and the goods
7even if any later holder may have received the goods from the carrier in good faith
8and discharged the carrier's obligation by surrendering its part.
AB481-ASA1,24,10 9(4) A person that negotiates or transfers a single part of a tangible bill of lading
10issued in a set is liable to holders of that part as if it were the whole set.
AB481-ASA1,24,13 11(5) The bailee is obliged to deliver in accordance with subch. IV against the first
12presented part of a tangible bill of lading lawfully issued in a set. Delivery in this
13manner discharges the bailee's obligation on the whole bill.
AB481-ASA1,24,17 14407.305 Destination bills. (1) Instead of issuing a bill of lading to the
15consignor at the place of shipment, a carrier, at the request of the consignor, may
16procure the bill to be issued at destination or at any other place designated in the
17request.
AB481-ASA1,24,21 18(2) Upon request of any person entitled as against a carrier to control the goods
19while in transit and on surrender of possession or control of any outstanding bill of
20lading or other receipt covering the goods, the issuer, subject to s. 407.105, may
21procure a substitute bill to be issued at any place designated in the request.
AB481-ASA1,24,23 22407.306 Altered bills of lading. An unauthorized alteration or filling in of
23a blank in a bill of lading leaves the bill enforceable according to its original tenor.
AB481-ASA1,25,6 24407.307 Lien of carrier. (1) A carrier has a lien on the goods covered by a
25bill of lading or on the proceeds thereof in its possession for charges after the date

1of the carrier's receipt of the goods for storage or transportation, including
2demurrage and terminal charges, and for expenses necessary for preservation of the
3goods incident to their transportation or reasonably incurred in their sale pursuant
4to law. However, against a purchaser for value of a negotiable bill of lading, a
5carrier's lien is limited to charges stated in the bill or the applicable tariffs or, if no
6charges are stated, a reasonable charge.
AB481-ASA1,25,13 7(2) A lien for charges and expenses under sub. (1) on goods that the carrier was
8required by law to receive for transportation is effective against the consignor or any
9person entitled to the goods unless the carrier had notice that the consignor lacked
10authority to subject the goods to those charges and expenses. Any other lien under
11sub. (1) is effective against the consignor and any person that permitted the bailor
12to have control or possession of the goods unless the carrier had notice that the bailor
13lacked authority.
AB481-ASA1,25,15 14(3) A carrier loses its lien on any goods that it voluntarily delivers or
15unjustifiably refuses to deliver.
AB481-ASA1,26,5 16407.308 Enforcement of carrier's lien. (1) A carrier's lien on goods may
17be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bulk or in packages, at any time
18or place and on any terms that are commercially reasonable, after notifying all
19persons known to claim an interest in the goods. The notification must include a
20statement of the amount due, the nature of the proposed sale, and the time and place
21of any public sale. The fact that a better price could have been obtained by a sale at
22a different time or in a different method from that selected by the carrier is not of
23itself sufficient to establish that the sale was not made in a commercially reasonable
24manner. The carrier has sold goods in a commercially reasonable manner if the
25carrier sells the goods in the usual manner in any recognized market therefor, sells

1at the price current in that market at the time of the sale, or has otherwise sold in
2conformity with commercially reasonable practices among dealers in the type of
3goods sold. A sale of more goods than apparently necessary to be offered to ensure
4satisfaction of the obligation is not commercially reasonable, except in cases covered
5by the preceding sentence.
AB481-ASA1,26,10 6(2) Before any sale pursuant to this section, any person claiming a right in the
7goods may pay the amount necessary to satisfy the lien and the reasonable expenses
8incurred in complying with this section. In that event, the goods may not be sold but
9must be retained by the carrier, subject to the terms of the bill of lading and this
10chapter.
AB481-ASA1,26,11 11(3) A carrier may buy at any public sale pursuant to this section.
AB481-ASA1,26,14 12(4) A purchaser in good faith of goods sold to enforce a carrier's lien takes the
13goods free of any rights of persons against which the lien was valid, despite the
14carrier's noncompliance with this section.
AB481-ASA1,26,17 15(5) A carrier may satisfy its lien from the proceeds of any sale pursuant to this
16section but shall hold the balance, if any, for delivery on demand to any person to
17which the carrier would have been bound to deliver the goods.
AB481-ASA1,26,19 18(6) The rights provided by this section are in addition to all other rights allowed
19by law to a creditor against a debtor.
AB481-ASA1,26,21 20(7) A carrier's lien may be enforced pursuant to either sub. (1) or the procedure
21set forth in s. 407.210 (2).
AB481-ASA1,26,24 22(8) A carrier is liable for damages caused by failure to comply with the
23requirements for sale under this section and, in case of willful violation, is liable for
24conversion.
AB481-ASA1,27,6
1407.309 Duty of care; contractual limitation of carrier's liability. (1)
2A carrier that issues a bill of lading, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable, shall
3exercise the degree of care in relation to the goods which a reasonably careful person
4would exercise under similar circumstances. This subsection does not affect any
5statute, regulation, or rule of law that imposes liability upon a common carrier for
6damages not caused by its negligence.
AB481-ASA1,27,12 7(2) Damages may be limited by a term in the bill of lading or in a transportation
8agreement that the carrier's liability may not exceed a value stated in the bill or
9transportation agreement if the carrier's rates are dependent upon value and the
10consignor is afforded an opportunity to declare a higher value and the consignor is
11advised of the opportunity. However, such a limitation is not effective with respect
12to the carrier's liability for conversion to its own use.
AB481-ASA1,27,15 13(3) Reasonable provisions as to the time and manner of presenting claims and
14commencing actions based on the shipment may be included in a bill of lading or a
15transportation agreement.
AB481-ASA1,27,1616 Subchapter Iv
AB481-ASA1,27,1817 warehouse receipts and bills of
18 lading: general obligations
AB481-ASA1,27,21 19407.401 Irregularities in issue of receipt or bill or conduct of issuer.
20The obligations imposed by this chapter on an issuer apply to a document of title even
21if any of the following are satisfied:
AB481-ASA1,27,23 22(1) The document does not comply with the requirements of this chapter or of
23any other statute, rule, or regulation regarding its issue, form, or content.
AB481-ASA1,27,24 24(2) The issuer violated laws regulating the conduct of its business.
AB481-ASA1,28,2
1(3) The goods covered by the document were owned by the bailee when the
2document was issued.
AB481-ASA1,28,4 3(4) The person issuing the document is not a warehouse but the document
4purports to be a warehouse receipt.
AB481-ASA1,28,11 5407.402 Duplicate document of title; overissue. A duplicate or any other
6document of title purporting to cover goods already represented by an outstanding
7document of the same issuer does not confer any right in the goods, except as
8provided in the case of tangible bills of lading in a set of parts, overissue of documents
9for fungible goods, substitutes for lost, stolen, or destroyed documents, or substitute
10documents issued pursuant to s. 407.105. The issuer is liable for damages caused by
11its overissue or failure to identify a duplicate document by a conspicuous notation.
AB481-ASA1,28,15 12407.403 Obligation of warehouse or carrier to deliver; excuse. (1) A
13bailee shall deliver the goods to a person entitled under a document of title if the
14person complies with subs. (2) and (3), unless and to the extent that the bailee
15establishes any of the following:
AB481-ASA1,28,1716 (a) Delivery of the goods to a person whose receipt was rightful as against the
17claimant.
AB481-ASA1,28,1918 (b) Damage to or delay, loss, or destruction of the goods for which the bailee is
19not liable.
AB481-ASA1,28,2120 (c) Previous sale or other disposition of the goods in lawful enforcement of a lien
21or on a warehouse's lawful termination of storage.
AB481-ASA1,28,2322 (d) The exercise by a seller of its right to stop delivery pursuant to s. 402.705
23or by a lessor of its right to stop delivery pursuant to s. 411.526.
AB481-ASA1,28,2424 (e) A diversion, reconsignment, or other disposition pursuant to s. 407.303.
AB481-ASA1,29,2
1(f) Release, satisfaction, or any other fact affording a personal defense against
2the claimant.
AB481-ASA1,29,33 (g) Any other lawful excuse.
AB481-ASA1,29,6 4(2) A person claiming goods covered by a document of title shall satisfy the
5bailee's lien if the bailee so requests or the bailee is prohibited by law from delivering
6the goods until the charges are paid.
AB481-ASA1,29,8 7(3) Unless a person claiming the goods is one against which the document of
8title does not confer a right under s. 407.503 (1), all of the following apply:
AB481-ASA1,29,119 (a) The person claiming under a document shall surrender possession or control
10of any outstanding negotiable document covering the goods for cancellation or
11indication of partial deliveries.
AB481-ASA1,29,1412 (b) The bailee shall cancel the document or conspicuously indicate in the
13document the partial delivery or be liable to any person to which the document is duly
14negotiated.
AB481-ASA1,29,18 15407.404 No liability for good faith delivery pursuant to document of
16title.
A bailee that in good faith has received goods and delivered or otherwise
17disposed of the goods according to the terms of a document of title or pursuant to this
18chapter is not liable for the goods even if any of the following apply:
AB481-ASA1,29,20 19(1) The person from which the bailee received the goods did not have authority
20to procure the document or to dispose of the goods.
AB481-ASA1,29,22 21(2) The person to which the bailee delivered the goods did not have authority
22to receive the goods.
AB481-ASA1,29,2323 Subchapter V
AB481-ASA1,29,2524 warehouse receipts and bills of
25 lading: negotiation and transfer
AB481-ASA1,30,2
1407.501 Form of negotiation and requirements of due negotiation. (1)
2The following rules apply to a negotiable tangible document of title:
AB481-ASA1,30,63 (a) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named person, the
4document is negotiated by the named person's endorsement and delivery. After the
5named person's endorsement in blank or to bearer, any person may negotiate the
6document by delivery alone.
AB481-ASA1,30,87 (b) If the document's original terms run to bearer, it is negotiated by delivery
8alone.
AB481-ASA1,30,119 (c) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named person and it
10is delivered to the named person, the effect is the same as if the document had been
11negotiated.
AB481-ASA1,30,1312 (d) Negotiation of the document after it has been endorsed to a named person
13requires endorsement by the named person as well as delivery.
AB481-ASA1,30,1814 (e) A document is duly negotiated if it is negotiated in the manner stated in this
15subsection to a holder that purchases it in good faith, without notice of any defense
16against or claim to it on the part of any person, and for value, unless it is established
17that the negotiation is not in the regular course of business or financing or involves
18receiving the document in settlement or payment of a monetary obligation.
AB481-ASA1,30,19 19(2) The following rules apply to a negotiable electronic document of title:
AB481-ASA1,30,2220 (a) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named person or to
21bearer, the document is negotiated by delivery of the document to another person.
22Endorsement by the named person is not required to negotiate the document.
AB481-ASA1,30,2523 (b) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named person and the
24named person has control of the document, the effect is the same as if the document
25had been negotiated.
AB481-ASA1,31,5
1(c) A document is duly negotiated if it is negotiated in the manner stated in this
2subsection to a holder that purchases it in good faith, without notice of any defense
3against or claim to it on the part of any person, and for value, unless it is established
4that the negotiation is not in the regular course of business or financing or involves
5taking delivery of the document in settlement or payment of a monetary obligation.
AB481-ASA1,31,7 6(3) Endorsement of a nonnegotiable document of title neither makes it
7negotiable nor adds to the transferee's rights.
AB481-ASA1,31,10 8(4) The naming in a negotiable bill of lading of a person to be notified of the
9arrival of the goods does not limit the negotiability of the bill or constitute notice to
10a purchaser of the bill of any interest of that person in the goods.
AB481-ASA1,31,13 11407.502 Rights acquired by due negotiation. (1) Subject to ss. 407.205
12and 407.503, a holder to which a negotiable document of title has been duly
13negotiated acquires thereby all of the following:
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