111.70(4)(jm)8.
8. Within 30 days after the close of the hearing, the arbitrator shall issue a written decision determining the terms of the agreement between the parties which were not the subject of mutual agreement and on which the parties negotiated in good faith to impasse, as determined by the commission, and which were the subject of the hearing under this paragraph. The arbitrator shall state reasons for each determination. Each proposition or fact accepted by the arbitrator must be established by a preponderance of the evidence.
111.70(4)(jm)9.
9. Subject to
subds. 11. and
12., within 14 days of the arbitrator's decision, the parties shall reduce to writing the total agreement composed of those items mutually agreed to between the parties and the determinations of the arbitrator. The document shall be signed by the arbitrator and the parties, unless either party seeks judicial review of the determination pursuant to
subd. 11.
111.70(4)(jm)10.
10. All costs of the arbitration hearing, including the arbitrator's fee, shall be borne equally by the parties.
111.70(4)(jm)11.
11. Within 60 days of the arbitrator's decision, either party may petition the circuit court for Milwaukee county to set aside or enforce the arbitrator's decision. If the decision was within the subject matter jurisdiction of the arbitrator as set forth in
subd. 4., the court must enforce the decision, unless the court finds by a clear preponderance of the evidence that the decision was procured by fraud, bribery or collusion. The court may not review the sufficiency of the evidence supporting the arbitrator's determination of the terms of the agreement.
111.70(4)(jm)12.
12. Within 30 days of a final court judgment, the parties shall reduce the agreement to writing and with the arbitrator execute the agreement pursuant to
subd. 9.
111.70(4)(jm)13.
13. Subsequent to the filing of a petition before the commission pursuant to
subd. 1. and prior to the execution of an agreement pursuant to
subd. 9., neither party may unilaterally alter any term of the wages, hours and working conditions of the members of the police department or any other matter subject to arbitration under
subd. 4.
111.70(4)(L)
(L)
Strikes prohibited. Except as authorized under
par. (cm) 5. and
6. c., nothing contained in this subchapter constitutes a grant of the right to strike by any municipal employe or labor organization, and such strikes are hereby expressly prohibited.
Paragraph (cm) does not authorize any strike after an injunction has been issued against such strike under
sub. (7m).
111.70(4)(m)
(m)
Prohibited subjects of bargaining. In a school district, the municipal employer is prohibited from bargaining collectively with respect to:
111.70(4)(m)1.
1. Reassignment of municipal employes who perform services for a board of school directors under
ch. 119, with or without regard to seniority, as a result of a decision of the board of school directors to contract with an individual or group to operate a school as a charter school, as defined in
s. 115.001 (1), or to convert a school to a charter school, or the impact of any such reassignment on the wages, hours or conditions of employment of the municipal employes who perform those services.
111.70(4)(m)2.
2. Reassignment of municipal employes who perform services for a board of school directors, with or without regard to seniority, as a result of the decision of the board to close or reopen a school under
s. 119.18 (23), or the impact of any such reassignment on the wages, hours or conditions of employment of the municipal employes who perform those services.
111.70(4)(m)4.
4. Any decision of a board of school directors to contract with a school or agency to provide educational programs under
s. 119.235, or the impact of any such decision on the wages, hours or conditions of employment of the municipal employes who perform services for the board.
111.70(4)(m)6.
6. Solicitation of sealed bids for the provision of group health care benefits for school district professional employes as provided in
s. 120.12 (24).
111.70(4)(n)1.1. Except as provided in
subd. 2., the municipal employer is prohibited from bargaining collectively with respect to compliance with the health benefit plan requirements under
ss. 632.745,
632.747 and
632.749.
111.70(4)(n)2.
2. If a municipal employer offers its employes a health care coverage plan through a program offered by the group insurance board under
s. 40.51 (7), the municipal employer is prohibited from bargaining collectively with respect to compliance with the health benefit plan requirements under
ss. 632.745 (1) to
(3) and
(5) and
632.747 with respect to the health care coverage plan.
111.70(5)
(5) Procedures. Municipal employers, jointly or individually, may employ a qualified person to discharge the duties of labor negotiator and to represent such municipal employers, jointly or individually, in conferences and negotiations under this section. In cities of the 1st, 2nd or 3rd class any member of the city council, including the mayor, who resigns therefrom may, during the term for which the member is elected, be eligible to the position of labor negotiator under this subsection, which position during said term has been created by or the selection to which is vested in such city council, and
s. 66.11 (2) shall be deemed inapplicable thereto.
111.70(6)
(6) Declaration of policy. The public policy of the state as to labor disputes arising in municipal employment is to encourage voluntary settlement through the procedures of collective bargaining. Accordingly, it is in the public interest that municipal employes so desiring be given an opportunity to bargain collectively with the municipal employer through a labor organization or other representative of the employes' own choice. If such procedures fail, the parties should have available to them a fair, speedy, effective and, above all, peaceful procedure for settlement as provided in this subchapter.
111.70(7)(a)(a) Whoever violates
sub. (4) (L) after an injunction against such a strike has been issued shall be fined $10. After the injunction has been issued, any employe who is absent from work because of purported illness shall be presumed to be on strike unless the illness is verified by a written report from a physician to the employer. Each day of continued violation constitutes a separate offense. The court shall order that any fine imposed under this subsection be paid by means of a salary deduction at a rate to be determined by the court.
111.70(7)(b)
(b) This subsection applies only to municipal employes who are engaged in law enforcement or fire fighting functions.
111.70(7m)
(7m) Injunctive relief; penalties; civil liability. 111.70(7m)(a)(a) Injunction; prohibited strike. At any time after the commencement of a strike which is prohibited under
sub. (4) (L), the municipal employer or any citizen directly affected by such strike may petition the circuit court for an injunction to immediately terminate the strike. If the court determines that the strike is prohibited under
sub. (4) (L), it shall issue an order immediately enjoining the strike, and in addition shall impose the penalties provided in
par. (c).
111.70(7m)(b)
(b) Injunction; threat to public health or safety. At any time after a labor organization gives advance notice of a strike under
sub. (4) (cm) which is expressly authorized under
sub. (4) (cm), the municipal employer or any citizen directly affected by such strike may petition the circuit court to enjoin the strike. If the court finds that the strike poses an imminent threat to the public health or safety, the court shall, within 48 hours after the receipt of the petition but after notice to the parties and after holding a hearing, issue an order immediately enjoining the strike, and in addition shall order the parties to submit a new final offer on all disputed issues to the commission for final and binding arbitration as provided in
sub. (4) (cm). The commission, upon receipt of the final offers of the parties, shall transmit them to the arbitrator or a successor designated by the commission. The arbitrator shall omit preliminary steps and shall commence immediately to arbitrate the dispute.
111.70(7m)(c)1.a.a. Any labor organization which violates
sub. (4) (L) shall be penalized by the suspension of any dues check-off agreement and fair-share agreement between the municipal employer and such labor organization for a period of one year. At the end of the period of suspension, any such agreement shall be reinstated unless the labor organization is no longer authorized to represent the municipal employes covered by such dues check-off or fair-share agreement or the agreement is no longer in effect.
111.70(7m)(c)1.b.
b. Any labor organization which violates
sub. (4) (L) after an injunction has been issued shall be required to forfeit $2 per member per day, but not more than $10,000 per day. Each day of continued violation constitutes a separate offense.
111.70(7m)(c)2.
2. `Individuals.' Any individual who violates
sub. (4) (L) after an injunction against a strike has been issued shall be fined $10. Each day of continued violation constitutes a separate offense. After the injunction has been issued, any municipal employe who is absent from work because of purported illness is presumed to be on strike unless the illness is verified by a written report from a physician to the municipal employer. The court shall order that any fine imposed under this subdivision be paid by means of a salary deduction at a rate to be determined by the court.
111.70(7m)(c)3.
3. `Strike in violation of award.' Any person who authorizes or otherwise participates in a strike after the issuance of any final and binding arbitration award or decision under
sub. (4) (cm) and prior to the end of the term of the agreement which the award or decision amends or creates shall forfeit not less than $15. Each day of continued violation constitutes a separate offense.
111.70(7m)(c)4.
4. `Contempt of court.' The penalties provided in this paragraph do not preclude the imposition by the court of any penalty for contempt provided by law.
111.70(7m)(d)
(d)
Compensation forfeited. No municipal employe may be paid wages or salaries by the municipal employer for the period during which he or she engages in any strike.
111.70(7m)(e)
(e)
Civil liability. Any party refusing to include an arbitration award or decision under
sub. (4) (cm) in a written collective bargaining agreement or failing to implement the award or decision, unless good cause is shown, shall be liable for attorney fees, interest on delayed monetary benefits, and other costs incurred in any action by the nonoffending party to enforce the award or decision.
111.70(7m)(f)
(f) Application. This subsection does not apply to strikes involving municipal employes who are engaged in law enforcement or fire fighting functions.
111.70(8)(a)(a) This section, except
subs. (1) (nm),
(4) (cm) and
(7m), applies to law enforcement supervisors employed by a 1st class city. This section, except
subs. (1) (nm),
(4) (cm) and
(jm) and
(7m), applies to law enforcement supervisors employed by a county having a population of 500,000 or more. For purposes of such application, the term "municipal employe" includes such a supervisor.
111.70(8)(b)
(b) This subchapter does not preclude law enforcement supervisors employed by municipal employers other than 1st class cities and counties having a population of 500,000 or more or fire fighting supervisors from organizing in separate units of supervisors for the purpose of negotiating with their municipal employers.
111.70(8)(c)
(c) The commission shall by rule establish procedures for certification of such units of supervisors and the levels of supervisors to be included in the units. Supervisors may not be members of the same bargaining unit of which their subordinates are members. The commission may require that the representative of any supervisory unit shall be an organization that is a separate local entity from the representative of the nonsupervisory municipal employes, but such requirement does not prevent affiliation by a supervisory representative with the same parent state or national organization as the nonsupervisory municipal employe representative.
111.70(9)
(9) Powers of chief of police. Nothing in
s. 62.50 grants the chief of police in cities of the 1st class any authority which diminishes or in any other manner affects the rights of municipal employes who are members of a police department employed by a city of the 1st class under this section or under any collective bargaining agreement which is entered into between a city of the 1st class and a labor organization representing the members of its police department.
111.70 History
History: 1971 c. 124,
246,
247,
307,
336;
1973 c. 64,
65;
1977 c. 178,
186,
272,
442,
449;
1979 c. 32 s.
92 (15);
1981 c. 20,
112,
187;
1983 a. 189,
192;
1985 a. 29;
1985 a. 182 s.
57;
1985 a. 318;
1987 a. 153,
399;
1991 a. 136;
1993 a. 16,
429,
492;
1995 a. 27,
225,
289.
111.70 Annotation
A collective bargaining provision which releases only teacher members of a majority union from in-service days to attend, with pay, a state convention of the union is discriminatory, but the school board can deny compensation to minority union members who attend a regional convention of their union if they do so in good faith. Bd. of Education v. WERC, 52 W (2d) 625, 191 NW (2d) 242.
111.70 Annotation
A school district may discharge teachers who engage in a strike. Hortonville Ed. Asso. v. Jt. Sch. Dist. No. 1, 66 W (2d) 469, 225 NW (2d) 658.
111.70 Annotation
During the course of a representation election among municipal employes, the municipal employer committed a prohibited labor practice in violation of (3) (a) 1., when a letter to employes signed by the city mayor and aldermen coercively and erroneously warned employes that all fringe benefits would cease if union representation were accepted, and "benign generalities" contained elsewhere in the letter were insufficient to overcome its specific threats. A 2nd letter sent to employes just prior to the representation election predicting a relative loss in benefits if the union were approved, citing the cost of union dues, the possibility of loss of freedom of action, and emphasizing wage rates and fringe benefits, also constituted a prohibited labor practice, since an employer may not camouflage threats under the guise of predictions, and the statements in context were intended as threats and accepted as such by the employes. WERC v. Evansville, 69 W (2d) 140, 230 NW (2d) 688.
111.70 Annotation
Although employes seeking to enforce the terms of a collective bargaining agreement are bound by the remedial provisions therein, plaintiffs were not required to exhaust contractual remedies prior to filing their action in court. Browne v. Milwaukee Bd. of School Directors, 69 W (2d) 169, 230 NW (2d) 704.
111.70 Annotation
The board committed a prohibited labor practice when it allowed a representative of an ad hoc minority teacher group at a regular public meeting to speak concerning a fair-share agreement which was then a subject of negotiation between board and organization. Madison Jt. Sch. Dist. No. 8 v. WERC, 69 W (2d) 200, 231 NW (2d) 206.
111.70 Annotation
The board of education of a city school district was a proper party and had the capacity to maintain an action to enjoin a strike by district teachers. Joint School v. Wisconsin Rapids Ed. Asso. 70 W (2d) 292, 234 NW (2d) 289.
111.70 Annotation
Sub. (7), providing a $10 per day fine for whoever violates an injunction against a strike by municipal employes, with the fine to be paid by salary deduction, is inapplicable to a labor association composed of such employes. Kenosha Unified Sch. Dist. v. Kenosha Ed. Asso. 70 W (2d) 325, 234 NW (2d) 311.
111.70 Annotation
Managerial employes are those who participate in the formulation, determination and implementation of management policy or possess effective authority to commit employer's resources. Milwaukee v. WERC, 71 W (2d) 709, 239 NW (2d) 63.
111.70 Annotation
WERC order under (4) (d) 2. a. determining the voting unit and directing an election be held is not reviewable under ch. 227. West Allis v. WERC, 72 W (2d) 268, 240 NW (2d) 416.
111.70 Annotation
Mandatory subjects of collective bargaining under sub. (1) (d), 1981 stats. [now sub. (1) (a)] between teachers' association and school board discussed. Beloit Education Asso. v. WERC, 73 W (2d) 43, 242 NW (2d) 231.
111.70 Annotation
See note to 788.10, citing Jt. School Dist. No. 10 v. Jefferson Ed. Asso. 78 W (2d) 94, 253 NW (2d) 536.
111.70 Annotation
Collective bargaining is required regarding decisions primarily related to wages, hours and conditions of employment; it is not mandatory where decision is primarily related to formulation or management of public policy. Unified S.D. No. 1 of Racine County v. WERC, 81 W (2d) 89, 259 NW (2d) 724.
111.70 Annotation
See note to 62.13, citing Glendale Prof. Policemen's Asso. v. Glendale, 83 W (2d) 90, 264 NW (2d) 594 (1978).
111.70 Annotation
In applying doctrine of primary jurisdiction, trial court did not abuse discretion by transferring case involving prohibited practice under (3) (a) 1. to the commission after all constitutional issues had been resolved. Browne v. Milwaukee Bd. of School Directors, 83 W (2d) 316, 265 NW (2d) 559 (1978).
111.70 Annotation
Under (3) (a) 6., municipal employer may deduct union dues from paycheck of minority union member. Milw. Fed. of Teachers, Local No. 252 v. WERC, 83 W (2d) 588, 266 NW (2d) 314 (1978).
111.70 Annotation
See note to 788.10, citing Madison Metropolitan School Dist. v. WERC, 86 W (2d) 249, 272 NW (2d) 314 (Ct. App. 1978).
111.70 Annotation
Lay off of public employes due to budget cut was not a mandatory subject of bargaining. City of Brookfield v. WERC, 87 W (2d) 819, 275 NW (2d) 723 (1979).
111.70 Annotation
Primary jurisdiction rule discussed. McEwen v. Pierce County, 90 W (2d) 256, 279 NW (2d) 469 (1979).
111.70 Annotation
Under (3) (a) 6, a fair-share provision of successor collective bargaining agreement was applied retroactively to hiatus between agreements. Berns v. Wisconsin Employment Relations Comm. 94 W (2d) 214, 287 NW (2d) 829 (Ct. App. 1979); aff'd. 99 W (2d) 252, 299 NW (2d) 248 (1980).
111.70 Annotation
Arbitrators appointed pursuant to grievance procedure contained in collective bargaining agreement properly held de novo factual hearing to determine whether just cause existed for school board to terminate teacher. Arbitration Between West Salem & Fortney, 108 W (2d) 167, 321 NW (2d) 255 (1982).
111.70 Annotation
See note to Art. IV, sec. 1, citing Milwaukee County v. District Council 48, 109 W (2d) 14, 325 NW (2d) 350 (Ct. App. 1982).
111.70 Annotation
Contract provision stating that teacher speaking or writing as citizen shall be free from administrative and school censorship and discipline, was primarily related to employment conditions, and as such was mandatory subject of collective bargaining. Blackhawk Teachers' Federation v. WERC, 109 W (2d) 415, 326 NW (2d) 247 (Ct. App. 1982).
111.70 Annotation
Sub. (4) (jm) is constitutional. Brennan v. Employment Relations Commission, 112 W (2d) 38, 331 NW (2d) 667 (Ct. App. 1983).
111.70 Annotation
See note to 227.57, citing Arrowhead United Teachers v. ERC, 116 W (2d) 580, 342 NW (2d) 709 (1984).
111.70 Annotation
Board's anti-nepotism policy was mandatory subject of collective bargaining. School Dist. of Drummond v. ERC, 121 W (2d) 126, 358 NW (2d) 285 (1984).
111.70 Annotation
Because school supervisors are not subject to this section, fair-share deduction from paychecks of nonunion supervisors was not authorized. Perry v. Milwaukee School Board, 131 W (2d) 380, 388 NW (2d) 638 (Ct. App. 1986).
111.70 Annotation
Provision in union's constitution which required local to forfeit treasury upon vote of disaffiliation was void as against public policy. Wells v. Waukesha Marine Bank, 135 W (2d) 519, 401 NW (2d) 18 (Ct. App. 1986).
111.70 Annotation
See note to 109.11, citing Employees Local 1901 v. Brown County, 146 W (2d) 728, 432 NW (2d) 571 (1988).
111.70 Annotation
Three-year limitation on term of agreement under (3) (a) 4. does not limit scope of deferred compensation proposals. City of Brookfield v. WERC, 153 W (2d) 238, 450 NW (2d) 495 (Ct. App. 1989).
111.70 Annotation
Interest arbitration provisions in (4) (cm) 6. apply during negotiation of wages, hours and conditions of employment for positions newly accreted to bargaining unit. Wausau Sch. Dist. Maintenance Union v. WERC, 157 W (2d) 315, 459 NW (2d) 861 (Ct. App 1990).
111.70 Annotation
County's decision to sell health care center was not mandatory subject of bargaining. Local 2236, AFSCME, AFL-CIO v. WERC, 157 W (2d) 708, 461 NW (2d) 286 (Ct. App. 1990).
111.70 Annotation
Whether subject is mandatory, permissive or prohibited subject of bargaining, including finding particular contract provision constitutionally prohibited, is for determination of WERC. Milw. Board of School Directors v. WERC, 163 W (2d) 739, 472 W (2d) 553 (Ct. App. 1991).
111.70 Annotation
"Arbitration decision" as used in (3) (a) 7, encompasses all items incorporated into resultant collective bargaining agreement, including those not in dispute. Sauk County v. WERC, 165 W (2d) 406, 477 NW (2d) 267 (1991).
111.70 Annotation
Failure to implement an "arbitration decision" under (3) (a) 7., arises when employer fails to incorporate specific terms of award into resultant agreement or to give retroactive effect to economic items in retroactive contract. Sauk County v. WERC, 165 W (2d) 406, 477 NW (2d) 267 (1991).
111.70 Annotation
Whether payments under arbitration award are due from the entry of the award depends on the overall circumstances. Kenosha Fire Fighters v. City of Kenosha, 168 W (2d) 658, 484 NW (2d) 152 (1992).
111.70 Annotation
Discussion of chargeability to nonunion municipal employes of union activities under fair share agreement and procedural safeguards necessary for collection. Browne v. WERC, 169 W (2d) 79, 485 NW (2d) 376 (1992).
111.70 Annotation
No bright-line test exists for determining whether a register in probate, probate register or probate commissioner is subject to s. 111.70 and eligible for union membership; factors considered include budget and administrative duties assigned to that person. Manitowoc County v. Local 986A, 170 W (2d) 692, 489 NW (2d) 722 (Ct. App. 1992). See also Iowa County v. Iowa County Courthouse, 166 W (2d) 614, 480 NW (2d) 499 (1992).
111.70 Annotation
Where a collective bargaining agreement could cover a dispute, and there is no provision which specifically excludes the dispute, the agreement's grievance and arbitration provisions apply. Racine Education Ass'n. v. Racine Unified School Dist. 176 W (2d) 273, NW (2d) (Ct. App. 1993).
111.70 Annotation
A union request that the county make pension contributions for jailers equal in amount to those for its "protective occupation participants" under s. 40.02 (48) did not require reclassification of the jailers as "POPS", is allowed under s. 40.05 (2) (g) 1. and is a mandatory subject of bargaining under sub. (1) (a). County of LaCrosse v. WERC, 180 W (2d) 100, 508 NW (2d) 9 (1993).
111.70 Annotation
School board's unilateral change in rules governing the use of sick leave after the expiration of a collective bargaining agreement changed the status quo and was impermissible. "Zipper" clause in the expired agreement providing that the agreement superceded all previous agreements did not prevent the examination of past practice in determining the status quo. St. Croix Falls School Dist. v. WERC, 186 W (2d) 671, 522 NW (2d) 507 (Ct. App. 1994).
111.70 Annotation
The status quo to be maintained during negotiations is dynamic. Where history shows changes in compensation upon employe attainment of specified experience levels, the employer is required to continue the practice during negotiations. Jefferson County v. WERC, 187 W (2d) 646, 523 NW (2d) 172 (Ct. App. 1994).
111.70 Annotation
A proposal to make the suspension of a police officer subject to arbitration rather than review under s. 62.13 is not a mandatory subject of bargaining and is in irreconcilable conflict with s. 62.13. City of Janesville V. WERC, 193 W (2d) 492, 535 NW (2d) 34 (Ct. App. 1995).
111.70 Annotation
The phrase "consisting of school district professional employes" in sub. (4) (cm) 5s. means consisting exclusively of that group. Madison Teachers, Inc. v. Madison Metropolitan School District, 197 W (2d) 731, 541 NW (2d) 786 (Ct. App. 1995).
111.70 Annotation
Sub. (4) (d) deals with the rights of an employe or minority group of employes to participate in collective bargaining and not with the rights of an employe to proceed directly against an employer for a breach of the collective bargaining agreement. Gray v. Marinette County, 200 W (2d) 426, 546 NW (2d) 553 (Ct. App. 1996).
111.70 Annotation
A municipal employer may agree to pay the employes' portion of retirement contributions to the state fund. 59 Atty. Gen. 186.
111.70 Annotation
A county ordinance implementing a collective bargaining agreement providing for the payment to county employes, upon their leaving government employment, compensation for accumulated sick leave, earned both before and after the effective date of the ordinance is valid. 59.07, 59.15, and 111.70 discussed. Applicability of 39 OAG 314 limited. 59 Atty. Gen. 209.
111.70 Annotation
See note to 118.21, citing 63 Atty. Gen. 16.
111.70 Annotation
Attorney general declines to render an opinion on what is subject to collective bargaining in view of a preferred legislative intent that under (4) (b) such questions be resolved through the declaratory judgment procedure before the Wisconsin employment relations commission subject to judicial review. 63 Atty. Gen. 590.
111.70 Annotation
Milwaukee school board is authorized by s. 111.70 to contract for a retirement system supplementary to the one under subch. II of ch. 42. 67 Atty. Gen. 153.
