62.50 Annotation
The finding of the City of Milwaukee Board of Fire and Police Commissioners was insufficient in failing to specify what particular wrongful acts the officers performed or why those acts constituted conduct unbecoming an officer under the circumstances, and in failing to make separate findings as to each officer, because in making its determination the board is required to state specific findings of fact and conclusions of law in the manner required of state agencies under this section. State ex rel. Heffernan v. Board, 247 Wis. 77, is overruled. Edmonds v. Board of Fire & Police Commrs.
66 Wis. 2d 337,
224 N.W.2d 575 (1975).
62.50 Annotation
An arbitrator exceeded his power by directing that the grievant be transferred when the contract reserved transfer authority to the city and chief of police. Milwaukee v. Milwaukee Police Association,
97 Wis. 2d 15,
292 N.W.2d 841 (1980).
62.50 Annotation
Discharges based solely on coerced confessions were improper. Oddsen v. Board of Fire & Police Commissioners,
108 Wis. 2d 143,
321 N.W.2d 161 (1982).
62.50 Annotation
A circuit court may
sua sponte address constitutional issues not presented by the parties, but must allow the parties to develop a factual record pursuant to sub. (21). Slawinski v. Milwaukee Fire & Police Commission,
212 Wis. 2d 777,
569 N.W.2d 740 (Ct. App. 1997),
96-1347.
62.50 Annotation
When multiple disciplinary charges and suspensions arise from a single transaction, the length of the suspension for purposes of sub. (13) must be measured by aggregating the suspensions. Parker v. Jones,
226 Wis. 2d 310,
595 N.W.2d 92 (Ct. App. 1999),
98-3218.
62.50 Annotation
It is unconstitutional to condition continued public employment upon a waiver of the privilege against self-incrimination. An employee may be required to answer questions in a disciplinary hearing when granted immunity from criminal prosecution. There is no immunity for uncoerced false statements made during a disciplinary investigation. There is no requirement for
Miranda-like warnings, which in their absence would require the suppression of all statements made in disciplinary proceedings. Herek v. Police & Fire Commission of Menomonee Falls,
226 Wis. 2d 504,
595 N.W.2d 113 (Ct. App. 1999),
98-1927.
62.50 Annotation
Sub. (9) only designates who must fill vacancies and new appointments in the department, not when the vacancies must be filled. It does not create a positive duty fill vacancies as they occur. If the chief determines that vacancies can be filled by promotion with safety to the department, the chief must fill these positions by promotion, but the chief is not required to fill those positions at any certain time. Pasko v. City of Milwaukee,
2002 WI 33,
252 Wis. 2d 1,
643 N.W.2d 72,
99-2355.
62.50 Annotation
The board of fire and police commissioners has express and implied authority to promulgate a rule implementing sub. (19) pertaining to complaints by aggrieved persons against a member. Under sub. (3) (a), the board may prescribe rules for the authoritative direction or control of its members. While sub. (19) affects how complaints from members of the general public will be processed, it also deals with the discipline of members. Sub. (19) implicitly conveys some powers to the board because it leaves open some of the methods by which the board should operate. Milwaukee Regional Medical Center v. City of Wauwatosa,
2007 WI 101,
304 Wis. 2d 53,
735 N.W.2d 156,
05-1160.
62.50 Annotation
Police officers who are discharged have a right to a trial before the board that comports with due process. The legitimacy of a discharge is not “disposed of by the board" under sub. (18) until the board provides such a trial. Milwaukee Police Association v. City of Milwaukee,
2008 WI App 119,
313 Wis. 2d 253,
757 N.W.2d 76,
07-2433.
62.50 Annotation
Subs. (11) to (19) require a just cause due process hearing only when a police officer or firefighter has been disciplined. There is nothing in the statute's language or context that suggests that this section applies to an officer placed on unpaid Family Medical Leave Act leave. Milwaukee Police Association v. Flynn,
2011 WI App 112,
335 Wis. 2d 495,
801 N.W.2d 466,
10-2254.
62.50 Annotation
Correcting a mistake of law is neither specifically authorized nor specifically prohibited, but compliance with the specific standards imposed on the board by statute is certainly expected by the legislature. The board is a quasi-judicial body and was functioning as such when it held hearings into the alleged infractions of the rules and regulations of the Milwaukee Police Department in this case. The authority to reconsider a decision based on an error was implicit in the grant of authority to the board as a quasi-judicial body. Schoen v. Board of Fire and Police Commissioners of the City of Milwaukee,
2015 WI App 95,
366 Wis. 2d 279,
873 N.W.2d 232,
14-2821.
62.50 Annotation
A board does not have original rule-making authority under sub. (23). A board can suspend rules prescribed by the chiefs of the fire and police departments and can enact rules to replace suspended rules.
71 Atty. Gen. 60.
62.50 Annotation
A property interest in employment with the police department is recognized in sub. (11), but there is no property interest in a particular job assignment. Without a protected interest there can be no violation of procedural due process rights in the making of a job assignment. Gustafson v. Jones,
117 F.3d 1015 (1997).
62.50 Annotation
Discharge or suspension of a Milwaukee police officer has two distinct phases: 1) discharge or suspension by the chief, which must be for cause, as embodied in sub. (11); and 2) trial and appeal of discharge or suspension, as provided in subs. (14) to (17). The second phase occurs if requested by the discharged or suspended officer under sub. (13). An officer discharged for cause is guaranteed an opportunity to reclaim his or her property interest in employment on appeal after a trial. Sub. (18) provides that “salary or wages for the period of time ... preceding an investigation or trial" are owed only to suspended officers, not those discharged. Milwaukee Police Association v. Flynn,
863 F.3d 636 (2017).
62.50 Annotation
A city rule that provided that the chief of police could discharge an appointee during a probationary period if the appointee proved unfit for the position could be harmonized with this section by interpreting the phrase “member of the police force" to exclude those individuals who had not satisfied the requirements of the rule. Milwaukee Police Association v. Board of Fire & Police Commissioners,
787 F. Supp. 2d 888 (2011).
62.50 Annotation
This section directs that officers discharged by the chief but who await trial before the board of police and fire commissioners are not to receive pay during that period. Milwaukee Police Association v. Flynn,
213 F. Supp. 3d 1113 (2016).
62.51
62.51
Mayoral appointments in 1st class cities. 62.51(1)(a)
(a) “Public office" means the following positions or their equivalent: city engineer; city purchasing agent; commissioner of building inspection, of city development, of health or of public works; director of administration, of budget and management, of community development agency, of employee relations, of office of telecommunications, or of safety; emergency management coordinator; employee benefits administrator; executive director of the commission on community relations; municipal port director; commissioner of assessments; director of liaison; city personnel director; executive director of the retirement board; executive director of the city board of election commissioners; city librarian; city labor negotiator; executive secretary of the board of fire and police commissioners; and supervisor of the central electronics board.
62.51(1)(b)
(b) “Public official" means a person appointed to a public office under this section.
62.51(2)
(2) In any 1st class city, the mayor shall appoint, subject to confirmation of the common council, a person to serve in the unclassified service in each public office. A public official serves at the pleasure of the mayor until the end of the mayoral term of office during which the public official is appointed unless reappointed and reconfirmed or until a successor is appointed and confirmed, whichever is later. The mayor shall make appointments under this subsection within 90 days after taking office or within 90 days after a vacancy in the public office occurs, whichever is later. The common council shall vote on confirmation of any appointment under this subsection within 45 days after that appointment.
62.51(3)
(3) If a 1st class city authorizes the position of deputy for a public office, the public official in that office shall appoint a person to serve in the unclassified service as deputy. That deputy shall serve at the pleasure of the public official, but not longer than the public official's term of office unless reappointed.
62.51(4)
(4) This section does not affect the authority of a 1st class city to abolish, consolidate or create a public office or other position.
62.51 History
History: 1987 a. 289,
382;
1989 a. 31;
1991 a. 156;
1995 a. 247;
1999 a. 150 s.
302; Stats. 1999 s. 62.51.
62.53
62.53
Real property used for school purposes; 1st class cities. Beginning on July 14, 2015, the lessor of any lease entered into between a 1st class city and a school district operating under subch.
I of ch. 119 and involving the use of city-owned real property for school purposes shall do the following:
62.53(1)
(1) Provide for the superintendent of schools, on behalf of the superintendent of schools opportunity schools and partnership program under s.
119.33, to be an agent of the board of school directors in charge of the public schools under ch.
119 upon transfer under s.
119.33 (2) (c) of the school using the land, buildings, and facilities to the superintendent of schools opportunity schools and partnership program under s.
119.33.
62.53(2)
(2) Provide for the commissioner of the opportunity schools and partnership program under subch.
II of ch. 119 to be an agent of the board of school directors in charge of the public schools under ch.
119 upon transfer under s.
119.9002 (3) of the school using the land, buildings, and facilities to the opportunity schools and partnership program under subch.
II of ch. 119.
62.53 History
History: 2015 a. 55.
62.55
62.55
Requirements for surety bonds of officers and employees in 1st class cities. If an office or position in the service of a 1st class city involves fiduciary responsibility or the handling of money, the appointing officer may require the appointee to furnish a bond or other security to the officer and the city for the faithful performance of the appointee's duty. The amount of the bond or security shall be fixed by the appointing officer, with the approval of the mayor. Notice of the mayor's approval shall be given to the city clerk by the mayor. Each bond shall be approved by the city attorney as to form and execution and by the common council as to sufficiency of sureties. Any surety company, the bonds of which are accepted by the judge of any court of record in this state, or which is approved by the comptroller of the city, is sufficient security on the bond. The premium on a bond under this section, within the limits fixed by law, shall be paid out of the city treasury. The appointing officer shall immediately after the execution of the bond file the bond with the city clerk. The city clerk shall require compliance with the terms of this section requiring the filing of bonds with the city clerk by officers and employees. Bonds of city officers and employees under this section, duly witnessed and acknowledged, after being approved by the common council, shall be delivered to the city comptroller, who shall have them recorded in the office of the register of deeds. After the bonds are recorded, the bonds shall be returned to the city clerk, who shall keep them on file in the city clerk's office; except that after the recording of the bond of the city clerk by the city comptroller, that bond shall remain on file in the office of the city comptroller. Each bond filed by any surety company shall be accompanied by a duplicate of the bond. The duplicate shall be filed by the clerk with the city comptroller.
62.55 History
History: 1991 a. 316;
1999 a. 150 s.
301; Stats. 1999 s. 62.55.
62.57
62.57
Uniform salaries in 1st class cities. The common council of a 1st class city may at any regular or special meeting adopt a uniform and comprehensive salary or wage ordinance, or both, based on a classification of officers, employments and positions in the city service, whether previously so classified or not, if provision has been made in the budget of the current year for the total sum of money required for the payment of the salaries and wages and a tax levied to fund the wages and salaries. Wages under this section may be fixed by resolution. The common council may, at any time, determine a cost-of-living increment or deduction, to be paid in addition to wages or salaries under this section, based on a proper finding of the United States bureau of labor statistics. The common council may provide for overtime pay and compensatory time under s.
103.025 for employees who work in excess of 40 hours per week.
62.57 History
History: 1993 a. 144;
1999 a. 150 s.
498; Stats. 1999 s. 62.57.
62.59
62.59
Police authority to alderpersons in 1st class cities repealed. No common council in a 1st class city by ordinance may give alderpersons the powers of city police officers.
62.59 History
History: 1983 a. 210;
1993 a. 184;
1999 a. 150 s.
308; Stats. 1999 s. 62.59.
62.61
62.61
Health insurance; 1st class cities. The common council of a 1st class city may, by ordinance or resolution, provide for, including the payment of premiums of, general hospital, surgical and group insurance for both active and retired city officers and city employees and their respective dependents in private companies, or may, by ordinance or resolution, elect to offer to all of its employees a health care coverage plan through a program offered by the group insurance board under ch.
40. Municipalities which elect to participate under s.
40.51 (7) are subject to the applicable sections of ch.
40 instead of this section. Contracts for insurance under this section may be entered into for active officers and employees separately from contracts for retired officers and employees. Appropriations may be made for the purpose of financing insurance under this section. Moneys accruing to a fund to finance insurance under this section, by investment or otherwise, may not be diverted for any other purpose than those for which the fund was set up or to defray management expenses of the fund or to partially pay premiums to reduce costs to the city or to persons covered by the insurance, or both.
62.61 History
History: 1985 a. 29;
1999 a. 150 s.
307; Stats. 1999 s. 62.61.
62.62
62.62
Appropriation bonds for payment of employee retirement system liability in 1st class cities. 62.62(1)(1)
Definitions. In this section:
62.62(1)(a)
(a) “Appropriation bond" means a bond issued by a city to evidence its obligation to repay a certain amount of borrowed money that is payable from all of the following:
62.62(1)(a)1.
1. Moneys annually appropriated by law for debt service due with respect to such appropriation bond in that year.
62.62(1)(a)2.
2. Proceeds of the sale of such appropriation bonds.
62.62(1)(a)3.
3. Payments received for that purpose under agreements and ancillary arrangements described in s.
62.621.
62.62(1)(b)
(b) “Bond" means any bond, note, or other obligation of a city issued under this section.
62.62(1)(d)
(d) “Common Council" means the common council of a city.
62.62(1)(e)
(e) “Refunding bond" means an appropriation bond issued to fund or refund all or any part of one or more outstanding pension-related bonds.
62.62(1m)
(1m) Legislative finding and determination. Recognizing that a city, by prepaying part or all of the city's unfunded prior service liability with respect to an employee retirement system of the city, may reduce its costs and better ensure the timely and full payment of retirement benefits to participants and their beneficiaries under the employee retirement system, the legislature finds and determines that it is in the public interest for the city to issue appropriation bonds to obtain proceeds to pay its unfunded prior service liability.
62.62(2)
(2) Authorization of appropriation bonds. 62.62(2)(a)(a) A common council shall have all powers necessary and convenient to carry out its duties, and to exercise its authority, under this section.
62.62(2)(b)
(b) Subject to pars.
(c) and
(d), a common council may issue appropriation bonds under this section to pay all or any part of the city's unfunded prior service liability with respect to an employee retirement system of the city, or to fund or refund outstanding appropriation bonds issued under this section. A city may use proceeds of appropriation bonds to pay issuance or administrative expenses, to make deposits to reserve funds, to pay accrued or funded interest, to pay the costs of credit enhancement, to make payments under other agreements entered into under s.
62.621, or to make deposits to stabilization funds established under s.
62.621.
62.62(2)(c)
(c) Other than refunding bonds issued under sub.
(6), all bonds must be issued simultaneously.
62.62(2)(d)1.1. Before a city may issue appropriation bonds under par.
(b), its common council shall enact an ordinance that establishes a 5-year strategic and financial plan related to the payment of all or any part of the city's unfunded prior service liability with respect to an employee retirement system of the city. The strategic and financial plan shall provide that future annual pension liabilities are funded on a current basis. The strategic and financial plan shall contain quantifiable benchmarks to measure compliance with the plan. The common council shall make a determination that the ordinance meets the requirements of this subdivision and, absent manifest error, the common council's determination shall be conclusive. The common council shall submit to the governor and to the chief clerk of each house of the legislature, for distribution to the legislature under s.
13.172 (2), a copy of the strategic and financial plan.
62.62(2)(d)2.
2. Annually, the city shall submit to the governor, the department of revenue, and the department of administration, and to the chief clerk of each house of the legislature, for distribution to the legislature under s.
13.172 (2), a report that includes all of the following:
62.62(2)(d)2.a.
a. The city's progress in meeting the benchmarks in the strategic and financial plan.
62.62(2)(d)2.d.
d. The most current actuarial report related to the city's employee retirement system.
62.62(2)(d)2.e.
e. The amount, if any, by which the city's contributions to the employee retirement system for the prior year is less than the normal cost contribution for that year as specified in the initial actuarial report for the city's employee retirement system for that year.
62.62(2)(d)2.f.
f. The amount that the actuary determines is the city's required contribution to the employee retirement system for that year.
62.62(2m)
(2m) Penalty for inadequate contribution. If the city's contributions to the employee retirement system for the prior year is less than the lower of the required contribution for that year, as described in sub.
(2) (d) 2. f., or the normal cost for that year, the department of revenue shall reduce and withhold the amount of the shared revenue payments to the city under subch.
I of ch. 79, in the following year, by an amount equal to the difference between the required cost contribution for that prior year and the city's actual contribution in that prior year. The department of revenue shall deposit the amount of the reduced and withheld shared revenue payment into the city's employee retirement system.
62.62(3)(a)
(a) A city may borrow moneys and issue appropriation bonds in evidence of the borrowing pursuant to one or more written authorizing resolutions under sub.
(4). Unless otherwise provided in an authorizing resolution, the city may issue appropriation bonds at any time, in any specific amounts, at any rates of interest, for any term, payable at any intervals, at any place, in any manner, and having any other terms or conditions that the common council considers necessary or desirable. Appropriation bonds may bear interest at variable or fixed rates, bear no interest, or bear interest payable only at maturity or upon redemption prior to maturity.
62.62(3)(b)
(b) The common council may authorize appropriation bonds having any provisions for prepayment the common council considers necessary or desirable, including the payment of any premium.
62.62(3)(c)
(c) Interest shall cease to accrue on an appropriation bond on the date that the appropriation bond becomes due for payment if payment is made or duly provided for.
62.62(3)(d)
(d) All moneys borrowed by a city that is evidenced by appropriation bonds issued under this section shall be lawful money of the United States, and all appropriation bonds shall be payable in such money.
62.62(3)(e)
(e) All appropriation bonds owned or held by a fund of the city are outstanding in all respects, and the common council or other governing body controlling the fund shall have the same rights with respect to an appropriation bond as a private party, but if any sinking fund acquires appropriation bonds that gave rise to such fund, the appropriation bonds are considered paid for all purposes and no longer outstanding and shall be canceled as provided in sub.
(7) (d).
62.62(3)(f)
(f) A city shall not be generally liable on appropriation bonds, and appropriation bonds shall not be a debt of the city for any purpose whatsoever. Appropriation bonds, including the principal thereof and interest thereon, shall be payable only from amounts that the common council may, from year to year, appropriate for the payment thereof.
62.62(4)(a)
(a) No appropriation bonds may be issued by a city unless the issuance is pursuant to a written authorizing resolution adopted by a majority of a quorum of the common council. The resolution may be in the form of a resolution or trust indenture, and shall set forth the aggregate principal amount of appropriation bonds authorized thereby, the manner of their sale, and the form and terms thereof. The resolution or trust indenture may establish such funds and accounts, including a reserve fund, as the common council determines.
62.62(4)(b)
(b) Appropriation bonds may be sold at either public or private sale and may be sold at any price or percentage of par value. All appropriation bonds sold at public sale shall be noticed as provided in the authorizing resolution. Any bid received at public sale may be rejected.
62.62(5)(a)
(a) As determined by the common council, appropriation bonds may be issued in book-entry form or in certificated form. Notwithstanding s.
403.104 (1), every evidence of appropriation bond is a negotiable instrument.
62.62(5)(b)
(b) Every appropriation bond shall be executed in the name of and for the city by the president of the common council and city clerk, and shall be sealed with the seal of the city, if any. Facsimile signatures of either officer may be imprinted in lieu of manual signatures, but the signature of at least one such officer shall be manual. An appropriation bond bearing the manual or facsimile signature of a person in office at the same time the signature was signed or imprinted shall be fully valid notwithstanding that before or after the delivery of such appropriation bond the person ceased to hold such office.
62.62(5)(c)
(c) Every appropriation bond shall be dated not later than the date it is issued, shall contain a reference by date to the appropriate authorizing resolution, shall state the limitation established in sub.
(3) (f), and shall be in accordance with the appropriate authorizing resolution in all respects.
62.62(5)(d)
(d) An appropriation bond shall be substantially in such form and contain such statements or terms as determined by the common council, and may not conflict with law or with the appropriate authorizing resolution.
62.62(6)(a)1.1. A common council may authorize the issuance of refunding appropriation bonds. Refunding appropriation bonds may be issued, subject to any contract rights vested in owners of the appropriation bonds being refunded, to refund all or any part of one or more issues of appropriation bonds notwithstanding that the appropriation bonds may have been issued at different times or issues of general obligation promissory notes under s.
67.12 (12) were issued to pay unfunded prior service liability with respect to an employee retirement system. The principal amount of the refunding appropriation bonds may not exceed the sum of: the principal amount of the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded; applicable redemption premiums; unpaid interest on the refunded appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes to the date of delivery or exchange of the refunding appropriation bonds; in the event the proceeds are to be deposited in trust as provided in par.
(c), interest to accrue on the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes to be refunded from the date of delivery to the date of maturity or to the redemption date selected by the common council, whichever is earlier; and the expenses incurred in the issuance of the refunding appropriation bonds and the payment of the refunded appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes.
62.62(6)(b)
(b) If a common council determines to exchange refunding appropriation bonds, they may be exchanged privately for, and in payment and discharge of, any of the outstanding appropriation bonds being refunded. Refunding appropriation bonds may be exchanged for such principal amount of the appropriation bonds being exchanged therefor as may be determined by the common council to be necessary or desirable. The owners of the appropriation bonds being refunded who elect to exchange need not pay accrued interest on the refunding appropriation bonds if and to the extent that interest is accrued and unpaid on the appropriation bonds being refunded and to be surrendered. If any of the appropriation bonds to be refunded are to be called for redemption, the common council shall determine which redemption dates are to be used, if more than one date is applicable and shall, prior to the issuance of the refunding appropriation bonds, provide for notice of redemption to be given in the manner and at the times required by the resolution authorizing the appropriation bonds to be refunded.
62.62(6)(c)1.1. The principal proceeds from the sale of any refunding appropriation bonds shall be applied either to the immediate payment and retirement of the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded or, if the bonds or general obligation promissory notes have not matured and are not presently redeemable, to the creation of a trust for, and shall be pledged to the payment of, the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded.
62.62(6)(c)2.
2. If a trust is created, a separate deposit shall be made for each issue of appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded. Each deposit shall be with a bank or trust company authorized by the laws of the United States or of a state in which it is located to conduct banking or trust company business. If the total amount of any deposit, including moneys other than sale proceeds but legally available for such purpose, is less than the principal amount of the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded and for the payment of which the deposit has been created and pledged, together with applicable redemption premiums and interest accrued and to accrue to maturity or to the date of redemption, then the application of the sale proceeds shall be legally sufficient only if the moneys deposited are invested in securities issued by the United States or one of its agencies, or securities fully guaranteed by the United States, and only if the principal amount of the securities at maturity and the income therefrom to maturity will be sufficient and available, without the need for any further investment or reinvestment, to pay at maturity or upon redemption the principal amount of the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded together with applicable redemption premiums and interest accrued and to accrue to maturity or to the date of redemption. The income from the principal proceeds of the securities shall be applied solely to the payment of the principal of and interest and redemption premiums on the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded, but provision may be made for the pledging and disposition of any surplus.
62.62(6)(c)3.
3. Nothing in this paragraph may be construed as a limitation on the duration of any deposit in trust for the retirement of appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded that have not matured and that are not presently redeemable. Nothing in this paragraph may be constructed to prohibit reinvestment of the income of a trust if the reinvestments will mature at such times that sufficient moneys will be available to pay interest, applicable premiums, and principal on the appropriation bonds or general obligation promissory notes being refunded.
62.62(7)(a)
(a) All appropriation bonds shall be registered by the city clerk or city treasurer of the city issuing the appropriation bonds, or such other officers or agents, including fiscal agents, as the common council may determine. After registration, no transfer of an appropriation bond is valid unless made by the registered owner's duly authorized attorney, on the records of the city and similarly noted on the appropriation bond. The city may treat the registered owner as the owner of the appropriation bond for all purposes. Payments of principal and interest shall be by electronic funds transfer, check, share draft, or other draft to the registered owner at the owner's address as it appears on the register, unless the common council has otherwise provided. Information in the register is not available for inspection and copying under s.
19.35 (1). The common council may make any other provision respecting registration as it considers necessary or desirable.
