71.65 Filing returns or reports.
71.66 Employe exemption certificates.
71.67 General provisions.
SUBCHAPTER XI
INFORMATION RETURNS
71.69 Capital stock transfers.
71.70 Rents or royalties.
71.72 Statement of nonwage payments.
71.73 General provisions.
SUBCHAPTER XII
ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO ALL ENTITIES
71.74 Department audits, additional assessments and refunds.
71.76 Internal revenue service and other state adjustments.
71.77 Statutes of limitations, assessments and refunds; when permitted.
71.78 Confidentiality provisions.
71.80 General administrative provisions.
SUBCHAPTER XIII
INTEREST AND PENALTIES
71.84 Addition to the tax.
71.85 General provisions.
SUBCHAPTER XIV
APPEALS
71.88 Time for filing an appeal.
71.90 Depositing contested amounts.
SUBCHAPTER XV
COLLECTION OF DELINQUENT TAXES AND STATE AGENCY DEBTS
71.91 Collection provisions.
71.93 Setoffs for other state agencies.
71.935 Setoffs for municipalities and counties.
TAXATION OF INDIVIDUALS AND FIDUCIARIES
71.01
71.01
Definitions. In this chapter in regard to natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds:
71.01(1)
(1) "Adjusted gross income", when not preceded by the word "federal", means Wisconsin adjusted gross income, unless otherwise defined or the context plainly requires otherwise.
71.01(2)
(2) "Entertainer" means a nonresident natural person who, for consideration, furnishes amusement, entertainment or public speaking services, or performs in one or more sporting events in this state and includes both employes and independent contractors.
71.01(3)
(3) "Federal net operating loss" of persons other than corporations means net operating loss as determined by the taxpayer under the internal revenue code, or if redetermined by the department, as determined by the department under such code or as may be determined on final appeal therefrom.
71.01(4)
(4) "Federal taxable income" and "federal adjusted gross income" of natural persons and fiduciaries mean taxable income or adjusted gross income as determined under the internal revenue code or, if redetermined by the department, as determined by the department under the internal revenue code or as may be determined on final appeal therefrom.
71.01(5)
(5) "Fiduciary", "income" and "person" and all other terms not otherwise defined, have the same meaning as in the internal revenue code unless otherwise defined or the context requires otherwise.
71.01(5m)
(5m) "Head of household" has the meaning given in section
2 (b) and (c) of the internal revenue code, except that "head of household" includes surviving spouse, as defined in section
2 (a) of the internal revenue code.
71.01(6)(d)(d) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1988, and before January 1, 1990, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1988, and as amended by
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-194,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508, 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1988, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1988, and before January 1, 1990, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-194,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 and changes that indirectly affect the federal internal revenue code made by
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(e)
(e) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1989, and before January 1, 1991, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1989, and as amended by
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1989, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1989, and before January 1, 1991, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 and changes that indirectly affect the federal internal revenue code made by
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-227 and
P.L. 103-66 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(f)
(f) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1990, and before January 1, 1992, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1990, and as amended by
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66 and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1990, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1990, and before January 1, 1992, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66 and changes that indirectly affect the federal internal revenue code made by
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(g)
(g) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1991, and before January 1, 1993, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1991, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227, and as amended by
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13101 (a) and (c) 1, 13171 and 13174 of
P.L. 103-66, and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13101 (a) and (c) 1, 13171 and 13174 of
P.L. 103-66. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1991, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1991, and before January 1, 1993, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66 and changes that indirectly affect the provisions applicable to this subchapter made by
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(h)
(h) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1992, and before January 1, 1994, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1992, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227, and as amended by
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13101 (a) and (c) 1, 13113, 13150, 13171, 13174 and 13203 of
P.L. 103-66, and
P.L. 103-465 and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13101 (a) and (c) 1, 13113, 13150, 13171, 13174 and 13203 of
P.L. 103-66. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1992, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1992, and before January 1, 1994, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 103-66 and
P.L. 103-465 and changes that indirectly affect the provisions applicable to this subchapter made by
P.L. 103-66 and
P.L. 103-465 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(i)
(i) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1993, and before January 1, 1995, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1993, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227 and sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174, 13203 (d) and 13215 of
P.L. 103-66 and as amended by
P.L. 103-296,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465 and
P.L. 104-7, excluding section 1 of
P.L. 104-7, and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486,
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174, 13203 (d) and 13215 of
P.L. 103-66,
P.L. 103-296,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465 and
P.L. 104-7, excluding section 1 of
P.L. 104-7. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1993, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1993, and before January 1, 1995, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 103-296,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465 and
P.L. 104-7, excluding section 1 of
P.L. 104-7, and changes that indirectly affect the provisions applicable to this subchapter made by
P.L. 103-276,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465 and
P.L. 104-7, excluding section 1 of
P.L. 104-7, apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(j)
(j) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1994, and before January 1, 1996, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1994, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227 and sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174 and 13203 (d) of
P.L. 103-66, and as amended by
P.L. 104-7 and
P.L. 104-117 and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486 and
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174 and 13203 (d) of
P.L. 103-66,
P.L. 103-296,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465,
P.L. 104-7 and
P.L. 104-117. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1994, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1994, and before January 1, 1996, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 104-7 and
P.L. 104-117 and changes that indirectly affect the provisions applicable to this subchapter made by
P.L. 104-7 and
P.L. 104-117 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(6)(k)
(k) For taxable years that begin after December 31, 1995, for natural persons and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds, "internal revenue code" means the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1995, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227 and sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174 and 13203 (d) of
P.L. 103-66, and as amended by
P.L. 104-117, and as indirectly affected by
P.L. 99-514,
P.L. 100-203,
P.L. 100-647,
P.L. 101-73,
P.L. 101-140,
P.L. 101-179,
P.L. 101-239,
P.L. 101-280,
P.L. 101-508,
P.L. 102-90,
P.L. 102-227, excluding sections 103, 104 and 110 of
P.L. 102-227,
P.L. 102-318,
P.L. 102-486,
P.L. 103-66, excluding sections 13113, 13150 (d), 13171 (d), 13174 and 13203 (d) of
P.L. 103-66,
P.L. 103-296,
P.L. 103-337,
P.L. 103-465,
P.L. 104-7 and
P.L. 104-117. The internal revenue code applies for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes. Amendments to the federal internal revenue code enacted after December 31, 1995, do not apply to this paragraph with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1995, except that changes to the internal revenue code made by
P.L. 104-117 and changes that indirectly affect the provisions applicable to this subchapter made by
P.L. 104-117 apply for Wisconsin purposes at the same time as for federal purposes.
71.01(7)
(7) Notwithstanding
sub. (6), for natural persons, fiduciaries, trusts and estates, at the taxpayer's option, "internal revenue code", for taxable year 1986 and subsequent taxable years, includes any revisions to the federal internal revenue code adopted after January 1, 1986, that relate to the taxation of income derived from any source as a direct consequence of participation in the milk production termination program created by section 101 of
P.L. 99-198.
71.01(7m)
(7m) Notwithstanding
sub. (6), for natural persons, fiduciaries, trusts and estates, at the taxpayer's option, "internal revenue code" for taxable years beginning after December 31, 1987, includes any revisions to section
67 (c) of the internal revenue code adopted after January 1, 1988, that relate to the indirect expenses of regulated investment companies.
71.01(7r)
(7r) Notwithstanding
sub. (6), for purposes of computing amortization or depreciation, "internal revenue code" means either the federal internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1995, or the federal internal revenue code in effect for the taxable year for which the return is filed, except that property that, under s.
71.02 (2) (d) 12., 1985 stats., is required to be depreciated for taxable year 1986 under the internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1980, shall continue to be depreciated under the internal revenue code as amended to December 31, 1980.
71.01(7u)
(7u) "Last day prescribed by law" has the meaning given in
s. 71.738, except that in
s. 71.03 (2) (e) 1. and
2. "last day prescribed by law" includes extensions.
71.01(8)
(8) "Married person" or "spouse" means a person determined under section
7703 (a) of the internal revenue code to be married, unless the context requires otherwise. A decree of divorce, annulment or legal separation terminates the marriage and the application of
ch. 766 to property of the spouses after the date of the decree, unless the decree provides otherwise.
71.01(8g)
(8g) "Member" does not include a member of a limited liability company treated as a corporation under
s. 71.22 (1).
71.01(8m)
(8m) "Partner" does not include a partner of a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation under
s. 71.22 (1).
71.01(9)
(9) "Person" includes natural persons and fiduciaries, unless the context requires otherwise.
71.01(10)
(10) "Small business stock" means an equity security that the taxpayer has held for at least 5 years and that is issued by a corporation that, on the December 31 before acquisition by the taxpayer, or, for a corporation which was incorporated during the calendar year in which the stock is issued, as of the date of the acquisition of the stock, fulfills all of the following requirements and so certifies to the taxpayer upon acquisitions:
71.01(10)(a)
(a) Has at least 50% of its property and at least 50% of its payroll, both as computed under
s. 71.25, in this state.
71.01(10)(b)
(b) Has no more than 500 employes covered by Wisconsin unemployment insurance, including employes of any corporation that owns more than 50% of the stock of the issuing corporation.
71.01(10)(c)
(c) Derives no more than 25% of its gross receipts from rents, interest, dividends and sales of intangible investment assets combined unless the corporation derives less than $3,000 of that income and has not been incorporated for more than 2 calendar years.
71.01(10)(d)
(d) Has not issued stock that is listed on the New York stock exchange, the American stock exchange or the national association of securities dealers automated quotation system.
71.01(10)(e)
(e) Has not liquidated its assets in whole or in part for tax purposes only in order to fulfill the requirements under this subsection and then reorganized.
71.01(11)
(11) "Taxable income" when not preceded by the word "federal" means Wisconsin taxable income unless otherwise defined or the context plainly requires otherwise.
71.01(12)
(12) "Taxable year" means the taxable period upon the basis of which the taxable income of the taxpayer is computed for federal income tax purposes. The taxable year of a taxpayer who keeps his or her accounting records on the basis of a 52-53 week period ends on the last day of the month closest to the end of the 52-53 week period.
71.01(13)
(13) "Wisconsin adjusted gross income" means federal adjusted gross income, with the modifications prescribed in
s. 71.05 (6) to
(12),
(19) and
(20).
71.01(14)
(14) "Wisconsin net operating loss" of persons other than corporations means "federal net operating loss" adjusted as prescribed in
s. 71.05 (6) (a) and
(b),
(7) to
(12) and
(19) to
(21), except
s. 71.05 (6) (b) 9., except that no deductions allowable on schedule A for federal income tax purposes are allowable.
71.01(15)
(15) "Wisconsin taxable income" of estates and trusts means federal taxable income with the modifications prescribed in
s. 71.05 (6) to
(12),
(19) and
(20).
71.01(16)
(16) "Wisconsin taxable income" of natural persons means Wisconsin adjusted gross income less the Wisconsin standard deduction, with losses, depreciation, recapture of benefits, offsets, depletion, deductions, penalties, expenses and other negative income items determined according to the manner that income is or would be allocated, except that the negative income items on individual or separate returns for net rents and other net returns which are marital property attributable to the investment, rental, licensing or other use of nonmarital property shall be allocated to the owner of the property.
71.01 History
History: 1987 a. 312;
1987 a. 411 ss.
6 to
8,
26,
27,
31;
1989 a. 31,
100,
336;
1991 a. 39,
269;
1993 a. 16,
112,
437;
1995 a. 27,
380,
428.
71.02
71.02
Imposition of tax. 71.02(1)(1) For the purpose of raising revenue for the state and the counties, cities, villages and towns, there shall be assessed, levied, collected and paid a tax on all net incomes of individuals and fiduciaries, except fiduciaries of nuclear decommissioning trust or reserve funds subject to the tax under
s. 71.23 (2), by every natural person residing within the state or by his or her personal representative in case of death, and trusts administered within the state; by every nonresident natural person and trust of this state, upon such income as is derived from property located or business transacted within the state including, but not limited by enumeration, income derived from a limited partner's distributive share of partnership income, income derived from a limited liability company member's distributive share of limited liability company income, the state lottery under
ch. 565, any multistate lottery under
ch. 565 if the winning lottery ticket or lottery share was purchased from a retailer, as defined in
s. 565.01 (6), located in this state or from the department and pari-mutuel wager winnings or purses under
ch. 562, and also by every nonresident natural person upon such income as is derived from the performance of personal services within the state, except as exempted under
s. 71.05 (1) to
(3). Every natural person domiciled in the state shall be deemed to be residing within the state for the purposes of determining liability for income taxes and surtaxes.
71.02(2)
(2) In determining whether or not an individual resides within this state for purposes of this section, the following are not relevant:
71.02(2)(a)
(a) Contributions made to charitable organizations in this state.
71.02(2)(b)
(b) Directorships in corporations operating in this state.
71.02(2)(d)
(d) Corpuses of trusts, in which the individual is a trustee or a beneficiary, located in this state.
71.02(2)(e)
(e) Retention of professional services of brokers, as defined in
s. 408.303, and of attorneys and accountants located in this state.
71.02(3)
(3) This section shall not be construed to prevent or affect the correction of errors or omissions in the assessments of income for former years under
s. 71.74 (1) and
(2).
71.03
71.03
Filing returns; certain claims.
