48.347(5)(a)(a) If the report prepared under
s. 48.33 (1) recommends that the adult expectant mother is in need of treatment for the use or abuse of alcohol beverages, controlled substances or controlled substance analogs and its medical, personal, family or social effects, the court may order the adult expectant mother to enter an outpatient alcohol and other drug abuse treatment program at an approved treatment facility. The approved treatment facility shall, under the terms of a service agreement between the approved treatment facility and the county in a county having a population of less than 500,000 or the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or with the written informed consent of the adult expectant mother, report to the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the adult expectant mother as to whether the adult expectant mother is cooperating with the treatment and whether the treatment appears to be effective.
48.347(5)(b)
(b) If the report prepared under
s. 48.33 (1) recommends that the adult expectant mother is in need of education relating to the use of alcohol beverages, controlled substances or controlled substance analogs, the court may order the adult expectant mother to participate in an alcohol or other drug abuse education program approved by the court. The person or agency that provides the education program shall, under the terms of a service agreement between the education program and the county in a county having a population of less than 500,000 or the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or with the written informed consent of the adult expectant mother, report to the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the adult expectant mother about the adult expectant mother's attendance at the program.
48.347(5)(c)
(c) Payment for any treatment or education ordered under this subsection in counties that have an alcohol and other drug abuse program under
s. 48.547 shall be in accordance with
s. 48.361.
48.347(6)
(6) Inpatient alcohol or drug treatment. 48.347(6)(a)(a) If, based on an evaluation under
s. 48.295 and the report under
s. 48.33, the judge finds that the adult expectant mother is in need of inpatient treatment for her habitual lack of self-control in the use of alcohol, controlled substances or controlled substance analogs, exhibited to a severe degree, that inpatient treatment is appropriate for the adult expectant mother's needs and that inpatient treatment is the least restrictive treatment consistent with the adult expectant mother's needs, the judge may order the adult expectant mother to enter an inpatient alcohol or other drug abuse treatment program at an inpatient facility, as defined in
s. 51.01 (10). The inpatient facility shall, under the terms of a service agreement between the inpatient facility and the county in a county having a population of less than 500,000 or the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or with the written and informed consent of the adult expectant mother, report to the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the adult expectant mother as to whether the adult expectant mother is cooperating with the treatment and whether the treatment appears to be effective.
48.347(7)
(7) Services for child when born. If it appears that the unborn child may be born during the period of the dispositional order, the judge may order that the child, when born, be provided any services or care that may be ordered for a child in need of protection or services under
s. 48.345.
48.347 History
History: 1997 a. 292.
48.35
48.35
Effect of judgment and disposition. 48.35(1)(a)(a) The judge shall enter a judgment setting forth his or her findings and disposition in the proceeding.
48.35(1)(b)
(b) The disposition of a child or an unborn child, and any record of evidence given in a hearing in court, shall not be admissible as evidence against the child or the expectant mother of the unborn child in any case or proceeding in any other court except for the following:
48.35(1)(b)1.
1. In sentencing proceedings after the child or expectant mother has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor and then only for the purpose of a presentence investigation.
48.35(1)(b)2.
2. In a proceeding in any court assigned to exercise jurisdiction under this chapter and
ch. 938.
48.35(1)(b)3.
3. In a court of civil or criminal jurisdiction while it is exercising jurisdiction over an action affecting the family and is considering the custody of a child.
48.35(2)
(2) Except as specifically provided in
sub. (1), this section does not preclude the court from disclosing information to qualified persons if the court considers the disclosure to be in the best interests of the child or unborn child or of the administration of justice.
48.355
48.355
Dispositional orders. 48.355(1)
(1)
Intent. In any order under
s. 48.345 or
48.347 the judge shall decide on a placement and treatment finding based on evidence submitted to the judge. The disposition shall employ those means necessary to maintain and protect the well-being of the child or unborn child which are the least restrictive of the rights of the parent and child, of the rights of the parent and child expectant mother or of the rights of the adult expectant mother, and which assure the care, treatment or rehabilitation of the child and the family, of the child expectant mother, the unborn child and the family or of the adult expectant mother and the unborn child, consistent with the protection of the public. When appropriate, and, in cases of child abuse or neglect or unborn child abuse, when it is consistent with the best interest of the child or unborn child in terms of physical safety and physical health, the family unit shall be preserved and there shall be a policy of transferring custody of a child from the parent or of placing an expectant mother outside of her home only when there is no less drastic alternative. If there is no less drastic alternative for a child than transferring custody from the parent, the judge shall consider transferring custody to a relative whenever possible.
48.355(2)
(2) Content of order; copy to parent. 48.355(2)(a)(a) In addition to the order, the judge shall make written findings of fact and conclusions of law based on the evidence presented to the judge to support the disposition ordered, including findings as to the condition and need for special treatment or care of the child or expectant mother if an examination or assessment was conducted under
s. 48.295. A finding may not include a finding that a child or an expectant mother is in need of psychotropic medications.
48.355(2)(b)
(b) The court order shall be in writing and shall contain:
48.355(2)(b)1.
1. The specific services or continuum of services to be provided to the child and family, to the child expectant mother and family or to the adult expectant mother, the identity of the agencies which are to be primarily responsible for the provision of the services ordered by the judge, the identity of the person or agency who will provide case management or coordination of services, if any, and, if custody of the child is to be transferred to effect the treatment plan, the identity of the legal custodian.
48.355(2)(b)1m.
1m. A notice that the child's parent, guardian or legal custodian, the child, if 14 years of age or over, the expectant mother, if 14 years of age or over, or the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem may request an agency that is providing care or services for the child or expectant mother or that has legal custody of the child to disclose to, or make available for inspection by, the parent, guardian, legal custodian, child, expectant mother or unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem the contents of any record kept or information received by the agency about the child or expectant mother as provided in
s. 48.78 (2) (ag) and
(aj).
48.355(2)(b)2.
2. If the child is placed outside the home, the name of the place or facility, including transitional placements, where the child shall be cared for or treated, except that if the placement is a foster home or treatment foster home and the name and address of the foster parent or treatment foster parent is not available at the time of the order, the name and address of the foster parent or treatment foster parent shall be furnished to the court and the parent within 21 days of the order. If, after a hearing on the issue with due notice to the parent or guardian, the judge finds that disclosure of the identity of the foster parent or treatment foster parent would result in imminent danger to the child, the foster parent or the treatment foster parent, the judge may order the name and address of the prospective foster parents or treatment foster parents withheld from the parent or guardian.
48.355(2)(b)2m.
2m. If the adult expectant mother is placed outside her home, the name of the place or facility, including transitional placements, where the expectant mother shall be treated.
48.355(2)(b)4.
4. If the child is placed outside the child's home, a designation of the amount of support, if any, to be paid by the child's parent, guardian or trustee, specifying that the support obligation begins on the date of the placement, or a referral to the county child support agency under
s. 59.53 (5) for establishment of child support.
48.355(2)(b)5.
5. For a child placed outside his or her home pursuant to an order under
s. 48.345, a permanency plan under
s. 48.38 if one has been prepared.
48.355(2)(b)6.
6. If the child is placed outside the home, a finding that continued placement of the child in his or her home would be contrary to the health, safety and welfare of the child and, if
sub. (2d) does not apply, a finding as to whether the county department, the department, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for providing services under a court order has made reasonable efforts to prevent the removal of the child from the home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns, or, if applicable, a finding as to whether the agency primarily responsible for providing services under a court order has made reasonable efforts to make it possible for the child to return safely to his or her home.
48.355(2)(b)7.
7. A statement of the conditions with which the child or expectant mother is required to comply.
48.355(2)(c)
(c) If school attendance is a condition of an order under
par. (b) 7., the order shall specify what constitutes a violation of the condition and shall direct the school board of the school district, or the governing body of the private school, in which the child is enrolled to notify the county department that is responsible for supervising the child or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department within 5 days after any violation of the condition by the child.
48.355(2)(d)
(d) The court shall provide a copy of a dispositional order relating to a child in need of protection or services to the child's parent, guardian or trustee. The court shall provide a copy of a dispositional order relating to an unborn child in need of protection or services to the expectant mother, to the unborn child through the unborn child's guardian ad litem and, if the expectant mother is a child, to her parent, guardian or trustee.
48.355(2b)
(2b) Concurrent reasonable efforts permitted. A county department, the department, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for providing services to a child under a court order may, at the same time as the county department, department or agency is making the reasonable efforts required under
sub. (2) (b) 6., work with the department, a county department under
s. 48.57 (1) (e) or
(hm) or a child welfare agency licensed under
s. 48.61 (5) in making reasonable efforts to place the child for adoption, with a guardian or in some other alternative permanent placement.
48.355(2c)(a)(a) When a court makes a finding under
sub. (2) (b) 6. as to whether the county department, the department, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the child under a court order has made reasonable efforts to prevent the removal of the child from his or her home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns, the court's consideration of reasonable efforts shall include, but not be limited to, whether:
48.355(2c)(a)1.
1. A comprehensive assessment of the family's situation was completed, including a determination of the likelihood of protecting the child's health, safety and welfare effectively in the home.
48.355(2c)(a)2.
2. Financial assistance, if applicable, was provided to the family.
48.355(2c)(a)3.
3. Services were offered or provided to the family, if applicable, and whether any assistance was provided to the family to enable the family to utilize the services. Examples of the types of services that may have been offered include:
48.355(2c)(a)3.c.
c. Community support services, such as day care, parent skills training, housing assistance, employment training and emergency mental health services.
48.355(2c)(a)4.
4. Monitoring of client progress and client participation in services was provided.
48.355(2c)(a)5.
5. A consideration of alternative ways of addressing the family's needs was provided, if services did not exist or existing services were not available to the family.
48.355(2c)(b)
(b) When a court makes a finding under
sub. (2) (b) 6. as to whether the agency primarily responsible for providing services to the child under a court order has made reasonable efforts to make it possible for the child to return safely to his or her home, the court's consideration of reasonable efforts shall include, but not be limited to, the considerations listed under
par. (a) 1. to
5. and whether visitation schedules between the child and his or her parents were implemented, unless visitation was denied or limited by the court.
48.355(2d)(a)1.
1. "Aggravated circumstances" include abandonment in violation of
s. 948.20 or in violation of the law of any other state or federal law if that violation would be a violation of
s. 948.20 if committed in this state, torture, chronic abuse and sexual abuse.
48.355(2d)(a)2.
2. "Sexual abuse" means a violation of
s. 940.225,
944.30,
948.02,
948.025,
948.05,
948.055,
948.06,
948.09 or
948.10 or a violation of the law of any other state or federal law if that violation would be a violation of
s. 940.225,
944.30,
948.02,
948.025,
948.05,
948.055,
948.06,
948.09 or
948.10 if committed in this state.
48.355(2d)(b)
(b) Notwithstanding
sub. (2) (b) 6., the court need not include in a dispositional order a finding as to whether the county department, the department, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for providing services under a court order has made reasonable efforts with respect to a parent of a child to prevent the removal of the child from the home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns, or, if applicable, a finding as to whether the agency primarily responsible for providing services under a court order has made reasonable efforts with respect to a parent of a child to make it possible for the child to return safely to his or her home, if the court finds, as evidenced by a final judgment of conviction, any of the following:
48.355(2d)(b)1.
1. That the parent has subjected the child to aggravated circumstances.
48.355(2d)(b)2.
2. That the parent has committed, has aided or abetted the commission of, or has solicited, conspired or attempted to commit, a violation of
s. 940.01,
940.02,
940.03 or
940.05 or a violation of the law of any other state or federal law, if that violation would be a violation of
s. 940.01,
940.02,
940.03 or
940.05 if committed in this state, and that the victim of that violation is a child of the parent.
48.355(2d)(b)3.
3. That the parent has committed a violation of
s. 940.19 (2),
(3),
(4) or
(5),
940.225 (1) or
(2),
948.02 (1) or
(2),
948.025 or
948.03 (2) (a) or
(3) (a) or a violation of the law of any other state or federal law, if that violation would be a violation of
s. 940.19 (2),
(3),
(4) or
(5),
940.225 (1) or
(2),
948.02 (1) or
(2),
948.025 or
948.03 (2) (a) or
(3) (a) if committed in this state, and that the violation resulted in great bodily harm, as defined in
s. 939.22 (14), or in substantial bodily harm, as defined in
s. 939.22 (38), to the child or another child of the parent.
48.355(2d)(b)4.
4. That the parental rights of the parent to another child have been involuntarily terminated.
48.355(2d)(c)
(c) If the court makes a finding specified in
par. (b) 1.,
2.,
3. or
4., the court shall hold a hearing within 30 days after the date of that finding to determine the permanency plan for the child. If a hearing is held under this paragraph, the agency responsible for preparing the permanency plan shall file the permanency plan with the court not less than 5 days before the date of the hearing.
48.355(2e)
(2e) Permanency plans; filing; amended orders; copies. 48.355(2e)(a)(a) If a permanency plan has not been prepared at the time the dispositional order is entered, or if the court orders a disposition that is not consistent with the permanency plan, the agency responsible for preparing the plan shall prepare a permanency plan that is consistent with the order or revise the permanency plan to conform to the order and shall file the plan with the court within the time specified in
s. 48.38 (3). A permanency plan filed under this paragraph shall be made a part of the dispositional order.
48.355(2e)(b)
(b) Each time a child's placement is changed under
s. 48.357 or a dispositional order is revised under
s. 48.363 or extended under
s. 48.365, the agency that prepared the permanency plan shall revise the plan to conform to the order and shall file a copy of the revised plan with the court. Each plan filed under this paragraph shall be made a part of the court order.
48.355(2e)(c)
(c) Either the court or the agency that prepared the permanency plan shall furnish a copy of the original plan and each revised plan to the child's parent or guardian, to the child or the child's counsel or guardian ad litem and to the person representing the interests of the public.
48.355(2m)
(2m) Transitional placements. The court order may include the name of transitional placements, but may not designate a specific time when transitions are to take place. The procedures of
ss. 48.357 and
48.363 shall govern when such transitions take place. However, the court may place specific time limitations on interim arrangements made for the care of the child or for the treatment of the expectant mother pending the availability of the dispositional placement.
48.355(3)
(3) Parental visitation. If, after a hearing on the issue with due notice to the parent or guardian, the judge finds that it would be in the best interest of the child, the judge may set reasonable rules of parental visitation.
48.355(4)
(4) Termination of orders. Except as provided under
s. 48.368, all orders under this section shall terminate at the end of one year unless the judge specifies a shorter period of time. Except if
s. 48.368 applies, extensions or revisions shall terminate at the end of one year unless the judge specifies a shorter period of time. Any order made before the child reaches the age of majority or before the unborn child is born shall be effective for a time up to one year after its entry unless the judge specifies a shorter period of time.
48.355(5)
(5) Effect of court order. Any party, person or agency who provides services for the child or the expectant mother under this section shall be bound by the court order.
48.355(7)
(7) Orders applicable to parents, guardians, legal custodians, expectant mothers and other adults. In addition to any dispositional order entered under
s. 48.345 or
48.347, the court may enter an order applicable to the parent, guardian or legal custodian of a child, to a family member of an adult expectant mother or to another adult as provided under
s. 48.45.
48.355 History
History: 1977 c. 354;
1979 c. 295,
300,
359;
1983 a. 27,
102,
399,
538;
1985 a. 29;
1987 a. 27,
339,
383;
1989 a. 31,
41,
86,
107,
121,
359;
1991 a. 39;
1993 a. 98,
334,
377,
385,
395,
446,
481,
491;
1995 a. 27,
77,
201,
225,
275;
1997 a. 27,
205,
237,
292.
48.355 Annotation
Mandatory time limits affect a trial court's competency to act, but an objection must be raised before the trial court to avoid waiver. In Interest of L.M.C. 146 W (2d) 377, 430 NW (2d) 352 (Ct. App. 1988).
48.356
48.356
Duty of court to warn. 48.356(1)
(1) Whenever the court orders a child to be placed outside his or her home, orders an expectant mother of an unborn child to be placed outside of her home or denies a parent visitation because the child or unborn child has been adjudged to be in need of protection or services under
s. 48.345,
48.347 48.357,
48.363 or
48.365, the court shall orally inform the parent or parents who appear in court or the expectant mother who appears in court of any grounds for termination of parental rights under
s. 48.415 which may be applicable and of the conditions necessary for the child or expectant mother to be returned to the home or for the parent to be granted visitation.
48.356(2)
(2) In addition to the notice required under
sub. (1), any written order which places a child or an expectant mother outside the home or denies visitation under
sub. (1) shall notify the parent or parents or expectant mother of the information specified under
sub. (1).
48.356 Annotation
Substantial compliance is not adequate to meet the sub. (2) notice provision; oral, rather than written, notice is insufficient. In re D.F. 147 W (2d) 486, 433 NW (2d) 609 (Ct. App. 1988).
48.356 Annotation
Dismissal of termination proceedings on the grounds of abandonment because only 2 of 6 dispositional orders contained statutory warnings was overturned. The warning is only required on one order. In Interest of K.K. 162 W (2d) 431, 469 NW (2d) 881 (Ct. App. 1991).
48.356 Annotation
To comply with sub. (2), the written order needs to contain the same information as the oral notice under sub. (1); that the notice contained more does not mean sub. (2) was violated. In Interest of Jamie L. 172 W (2d) 218, 493 NW (2d) 56 (1992).
48.356 Annotation
When the grounds for potential termination of parental rights is under s. 48.415 (8) for murdering the other parent, no notice under sub. (1) of the conditions necessary for the return of the child is necessary as the grounds for termination, the murder, cannot be remedied. Winnebago County DSS v. Darrell A. 194 W (2d) 628, 534 NW (2d) 907 (Ct. App. 1995).
48.356 Annotation
It was a denial of due process to terminate parental rights on grounds substantially different from those which the parent was warned of under s. 48.356. State v. Patricia A.P. 195 W (2d) 855, 537 NW (2d) 47 (Ct. App. 1995).
48.356 Annotation
The written warning under sub. (2) applies only to orders removing children from placement with their parents or denying parental visitation. Temporary physical custody orders or extensions of those orders may not lead to a loss of parental rights and do not require the written warning. Marinette County v. Tammy C. 219 W (2d) 206, 579 NW (2d) 635 (1998).
48.357
48.357
Change in placement. 48.357(1)
(1) The person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, the district attorney or the corporation counsel may request a change in the placement of the child or expectant mother, whether or not the change requested is authorized in the dispositional order and shall cause written notice to be sent to the child, the parent, guardian and legal custodian of the child, any foster parent, treatment foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) of the child, and, if the child is the expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem. If the expectant mother is an adult, written notice shall be sent to the adult expectant mother and the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem. The notice shall contain the name and address of the new placement, the reasons for the change in placement, a statement describing why the new placement is preferable to the present placement and a statement of how the new placement satisfies objectives of the treatment plan ordered by the court. Any person receiving the notice under this subsection or notice of a specific placement under
s. 48.355 (2) (b) 2. may obtain a hearing on the matter by filing an objection with the court within 10 days after receipt of the notice. Placements may not be changed until 10 days after that notice is sent to the court unless the parent, guardian or legal custodian and the child, if 12 years of age or over, or the child expectant mother, if 12 years of age or over, her parent, guardian or legal custodian and the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem, or the adult expectant mother and the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem, sign written waivers of objection, except that placement changes which were authorized in the dispositional order may be made immediately if notice is given as required in this subsection. In addition, a hearing is not required for placement changes authorized in the dispositional order except when an objection filed by a person who received notice alleges that new information is available which affects the advisability of the court's dispositional order.
48.357(2)
(2) If emergency conditions necessitate an immediate change in the placement of a child or expectant mother placed outside the home, the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order may remove the child or expectant mother to a new placement, whether or not authorized by the existing dispositional order, without the prior notice provided in
sub. (1). The notice shall, however, be sent within 48 hours after the emergency change in placement. Any party receiving notice may demand a hearing under
sub. (1). In emergency situations, a child may be placed in a licensed public or private shelter care facility as a transitional placement for not more than 20 days, as well as in any placement authorized under
s. 48.345 (3).
48.357(2m)
(2m) The child, the parent, guardian or legal custodian of the child, the expectant mother, the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian at litem or any person or agency primarily bound by the dispositional order, other than the person or agency responsible for implementing the order, may request a change in placement under this subsection. The request shall contain the name and address of the place of the new placement requested and shall state what new information is available which affects the advisability of the current placement. This request shall be submitted to the court. In addition, the court may propose a change in placement on its own motion. The court shall hold a hearing on the matter prior to ordering any change in placement under this subsection if the request states that new information is available which affects the advisability of the current placement, unless written waivers of objection to the proposed change in placement are signed by all parties entitled to receive notice under
sub. (1) and the court approves. If a hearing is scheduled, the court shall notify the child, the parent, guardian and legal custodian of the child, any foster parent, treatment foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) of the child, all parties who are bound by the dispositional order and, if the child is the expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem, or shall notify the adult expectant mother, the unborn child by the unborn child's guardian ad litem and all parties who are bound by the dispositional order, at least 3 days prior to the hearing. A copy of the request or proposal for the change in placement shall be attached to the notice. If all the parties consent, the court may proceed immediately with the hearing.
48.357(2r)
(2r) If a hearing is held under
sub. (1) or
(2m) and the change in placement would remove a child from a foster home, treatment foster home or other placement with a physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2), the court shall give the foster parent, treatment foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) an opportunity to be heard at the hearing by permitting the foster parent, treatment foster parent or other physical custodian to make a written or oral statement during the hearing or to submit a written statement prior to the hearing, relating to the child and the requested change in placement. Any written or oral statement made under this subsection shall be made under oath or affirmation. A foster parent, treatment foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) who receives notice of a hearing under
sub. (1) or
(2m) and an opportunity to be heard under this subsection does not become a party to the proceeding on which the hearing is held solely on the basis of receiving that notice and opportunity to be heard.
48.357(5m)
(5m) If a proposed change in placement changes a child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the court shall order the child's parent to provide a statement of income, assets, debts and living expenses to the court or the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order by a date specified by the court. The clerk of court shall provide, without charge, to any parent ordered to provide a statement of income, assets, debts and living expenses a document setting forth the percentage standard established by the department of workforce development under
s. 49.22 (9) and the manner of its application established by the department of health and family services under
s. 46.247 and listing the factors that a court may consider under
s. 46.10 (14) (c). If the child is placed outside the child's home, the court shall determine the liability of the parent in the manner provided in
s. 46.10 (14).
48.357(5r)
(5r) The court may not change the placement of an expectant mother of an unborn child in need of protection or services from a placement in the expectant mother's home to a placement outside of the expectant mother's home unless the court finds that the expectant mother is refusing or has refused to accept any alcohol or other drug abuse services offered to her or is not making or has not made a good faith effort to participate in any alcohol or other drug abuse services offered to her.
48.357(6)
(6) No change in placement may extend the expiration date of the original order.
48.357 History
History: 1977 c. 354;
1979 c. 300;
1987 a. 27;
1989 a. 31,
107;
1993 a. 16,
385,
395,
446,
481,
491;
1995 a. 27,
77,
275,
404;
1997 a. 3,
35,
80,
237,
292.
48.357 Annotation
A foster parent is entitled to hearing under s. 48.64 (4) (a) regarding the person's interest as a foster parent even where placement of the child cannot be affected by the hearing outcome. Bingenheimer v. DHSS, 129 W (2d) 100, 383 NW (2d) 898.
48.36
48.36
Payment for services.
