AB291: Bill Text

AB291,12,10 939.74 (1) Except as provided in sub. subs. (2), and (2d) and s. 946.88 (1), prosecution for a felony must be commenced within 6 years and prosecution for a misdemeanor or for adultery within 3 years after the commission thereof. Within the meaning of this section, a prosecution has commenced when a warrant or summons is issued, an indictment is found, or an information is filed.

AB291, s. 20 Section 20. 939.74 (2) (c) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,12,15 939.74 (2) (c) A prosecution for violation of s. 948.02, 948.025, 948.03 (2) (a), 948.05, 948.06, 948.07 (1), (2), (3) or (4), 948.08 or 948.095 shall be commenced before the victim reaches the age of 31 years or be barred, except as provided in sub. (2d) (c).

AB291, s. 21 Section 21. 939.74 (2d) of the statutes is created to read:

AB291,12,19 939.74 (2d) (a) In this subsection, "deoxyribonucleic acid profile" means an individual's patterned chemical structure of genetic information identified by analyzing biological material that contains the individual's deoxyribonucleic acid.

AB291,13,4 (b) If before the time limitation under sub. (1) expired, the state collected biological material that is evidence of the identity of the person who committed a violation of s. 940.225 (1) or (2), the state identified a deoxyribonucleic acid profile from the biological material, and comparisons of that deoxyribonucleic acid profile to deoxyribonucleic acid profiles of known persons did not result in a probable identification of the person who is the source of the biological material, the state may commence prosecution of the person who is the source of the biological material for violation of s. 940.225 (1) or (2) within 12 months after comparison of the deoxyribonucleic acid profile relating to the violation results in a probable identification of the person.

AB291,13,14 (c) If before the time limitation under sub. (2) (c) expired, the state collected biological material that is evidence of the identity of the person who committed a violation of s. 948.02 (1) or (2) or 948.025, the state identified a deoxyribonucleic acid profile from the biological material, and comparisons of that deoxyribonucleic acid profile to deoxyribonucleic acid profiles of known persons did not result in a probable identification of the person who is the source of the biological material, the state may commence prosecution of the person who is the source of the biological material for violation of s. 948.02 (1) or (2) or 948.025 within 12 months after comparison of the deoxyribonucleic acid profile relating to the violation results in a probable identification of the person.

AB291, s. 22 Section 22. 950.04 (1v) (s) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,13,21 950.04 (1v) (s) To have any stolen or other personal property expeditiously returned by law enforcement agencies when no longer needed as evidence , subject to s. 968.205. If feasible, all such property, except weapons, currency, contraband, property subject to evidentiary analysis, property subject to preservation under s. 968.205, and property the ownership of which is disputed, shall be returned to the person within 10 days of being taken.

AB291, s. 23 Section 23. 950.04 (1v) (yd) of the statutes is created to read:

AB291,14,2 950.04 (1v) (yd) To have the appropriate clerk of court make a reasonable attempt to send the victim a copy of a motion made under s. 974.07 (2) for postconviction deoxyribonucleic acid testing of certain evidence and notification of any hearing on that motion, as provided under s. 974.07 (4).

AB291, s. 24 Section 24. 968.20 (1) (intro.) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,14,12 968.20 (1) (intro.) Any person claiming the right to possession of property seized pursuant to a search warrant or seized without a search warrant may apply for its return to the circuit court for the county in which the property was seized or where the search warrant was returned. The court shall order such notice as it deems adequate to be given the district attorney and all persons who have or may have an interest in the property and shall hold a hearing to hear all claims to its true ownership. If the right to possession is proved to the court's satisfaction, it shall order the property, other than contraband or property covered under sub. (1m) or (1r) or s. 173.12 or, 173.21 (4), or 968.205, returned if:

AB291, s. 25 Section 25. 968.20 (2) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,14,17 968.20 (2) Property not required for evidence or use in further investigation, unless contraband or property covered under sub. (1m) or (1r) or s. 173.12 or 968.205, may be returned by the officer to the person from whom it was seized without the requirement of a hearing.

AB291, s. 26 Section 26. 968.20 (4) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,15,3 968.20 (4) Any property seized, other than property covered under s. 968.205, which that poses a danger to life or other property in storage, transportation or use and which that is not required for evidence or further investigation shall be safely disposed of upon command of the person in whose custody they are committed. The city, village, town or county shall by ordinance or resolution establish disposal procedures. Procedures may include provisions authorizing an attempt to return to the rightful owner substances which have a commercial value in normal business usage and do not pose an immediate threat to life or property. If enacted, any such provision shall include a presumption that if the substance appears to be or is reported stolen an attempt will be made to return the substance to the rightful owner.

AB291, s. 27 Section 27. 968.205 of the statutes is created to read:

AB291,15,5 968.205 Preservation of certain evidence. (1) In this section:

AB291,15,13 (a) "Custody" means actual custody of a person under a sentence of imprisonment, custody of a probationer, parolee, or person on extended supervision by the department of corrections, actual or constructive custody of a person pursuant to a dispositional order under ch. 938, supervision of a person, whether in institutional care or on conditional release, pursuant to a commitment order under s. 971.17 and supervision of a person under ch. 980, whether in detention before trial or while in institutional care or on supervised release pursuant to a commitment order.

AB291,15,18 (b) "Discharge date" means the date on which a person is released or discharged from custody that resulted from a criminal action, a delinquency proceeding under ch. 938, or a commitment proceeding under s. 971.17 or ch. 980 or, if the person is serving consecutive sentences of imprisonment, the date on which the person is released or discharged from custody under all of the sentences.

AB291,15,25 (2) Except as provided in sub. (3), if physical evidence that is in the possession of a law enforcement agency includes any biological material that was collected in connection with a criminal investigation that resulted in a criminal conviction, delinquency adjudication, or commitment under s. 971.17 or 980.06, the law enforcement agency shall preserve the physical evidence until every person in custody as a result of the conviction, adjudication, or commitment has reached his or her discharge date.

AB291,16,3 (3) Subject to sub. (5), a law enforcement agency may destroy biological material before the expiration of the time period specified in sub. (2) if all of the following apply:

AB291,16,7 (a) The law enforcement agency sends a notice of its intent to destroy the biological material to all persons who remain in custody as a result of the criminal conviction, delinquency adjudication, or commitment, and to either the attorney of record for each person in custody or the state public defender.

AB291,16,9 (b) No person who is notified under par. (a) does either of the following within 90 days after the date on which the person received the notice:

AB291,16,10 1. Files a motion for testing of the biological material under s. 974.07 (2).

AB291,16,12 2. Submits a written request to preserve the biological material to the law enforcement agency or district attorney.

AB291,16,14 (c) No other provision of federal or state law requires the law enforcement agency to preserve the biological material.

AB291,16,19 (4) A notice provided under sub. (3) (a) shall clearly inform the recipient that the biological material will be destroyed unless, within 90 days after the date on which the person receives the notice, either a motion for testing of the material is filed under s. 974.07 (2) or a written request to preserve the material is submitted to the law enforcement agency.

AB291,16,25 (5) If, after providing notice under sub. (3) (a) of its intent to destroy biological material, a law enforcement agency receives a written request to preserve the material, the law enforcement agency shall preserve the material until the discharge date of the person who made the request or on whose behalf the request was made, subject to a court order issued under s. 974.07 (7), (9) (a), or (10) (a) 5., unless the court authorizes destruction of the biological material under s. 974.07 (9) (b) or (10) (a) 5.

AB291, s. 28 Section 28. 971.04 (3) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,17,18 971.04 (3) If the defendant is present at the beginning of the trial and thereafter, during the progress of the trial or before the verdict of the jury has been returned into court, voluntarily absents himself or herself from the presence of the court without leave of the court, the trial or return of verdict of the jury in the case shall not thereby be postponed or delayed, but the trial or submission of said case to the jury for verdict and the return of verdict thereon, if required, shall proceed in all respects as though the defendant were present in court at all times. A defendant need not be present at the pronouncement or entry of an order granting or denying relief under s. 974.02 or, 974.06, or 974.07. If the defendant is not present, the time for appeal from any order under ss. 974.02 and, 974.06, and 974.07 shall commence after a copy has been served upon the attorney representing the defendant, or upon the defendant if he or she appeared without counsel. Service of such an order shall be complete upon mailing. A defendant appearing without counsel shall supply the court with his or her current mailing address. If the defendant fails to supply the court with a current and accurate mailing address, failure to receive a copy of the order granting or denying relief shall not be a ground for tolling the time in which an appeal must be taken.

AB291, s. 29 Section 29. 971.23 (1) (e) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,18,2 971.23 (1) (e) Any relevant written or recorded statements of a witness named on a list under par. (d), including any videotaped oral statement of a child under s. 908.08, any reports or statements of experts made in connection with the case or, if an expert does not prepare a report or statement, a written summary of the expert's findings or the subject matter of his or her testimony, and the results of any physical or mental examination, scientific test, experiment or comparison that the district attorney intends to offer in evidence at trial. This paragraph does not apply to reports subject to disclosure under s. 972.11 (5).

AB291, s. 30 Section 30. 971.23 (2m) (am) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,18,11 971.23 (2m) (am) Any relevant written or recorded statements of a witness named on a list under par. (a), including any reports or statements of experts made in connection with the case or, if an expert does not prepare a report or statement, a written summary of the expert's findings or the subject matter of his or her testimony, and including the results of any physical or mental examination, scientific test, experiment or comparison that the defendant intends to offer in evidence at trial. This paragraph does not apply to reports subject to disclosure under s. 972.11 (5).

AB291, s. 31 Section 31. 971.23 (9) of the statutes is created to read:

AB291,18,14 971.23 (9) Deoxyribonucleic acid evidence. (a) In this subsection "deoxyribonucleic acid profile" has the meaning given in s. 939.74 (2d) (a).

AB291,18,21 (b) Notwithstanding sub. (1) (e) or (2m) (am), if either party intends to submit deoxyribonucleic acid profile evidence at a trial to prove or disprove the identity of a person, the party seeking to introduce the evidence shall notify the other party of the intent to introduce the evidence in writing by mail at least 45 days before the date set for trial; and shall provide the other party, within 15 days of request, the material identified under sub. (1) (e), or par. (2m) (am), whichever is appropriate, that relates to the evidence.

AB291,19,2 (c) The court shall exclude deoxyribonucleic acid profile evidence at trial, if the notice and production deadlines under par. (b) are not met, except the court may waive the 45 day notice requirement or may extend the 15 day production requirement upon stipulation of the parties, or for good cause, if the court finds that no party will be prejudiced by the waiver or extension. The court may in appropriate cases grant the opposing party a recess or continuance.

AB291, s. 32 Section 32. 972.11 (1) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,19,9 972.11 (1) Except as provided in subs. (2) to (5) (4), the rules of evidence and practice in civil actions shall be applicable in all criminal proceedings unless the context of a section or rule manifestly requires a different construction. No guardian ad litem need be appointed for a defendant in a criminal action. Chapters 885 to 895, except ss. 804.02 to 804.07 and 887.23 to 887.26, shall apply in all criminal proceedings.

AB291, s. 33 Section 33. 972.11 (5) of the statutes is repealed.

AB291, s. 34 Section 34. 974.02 (1) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,19,20 974.02 (1) A motion for postconviction relief other than under s. 974.06 or 974.07 (2) by the defendant in a criminal case shall be made in the time and manner provided in ss. 809.30 and 809.40. An appeal by the defendant in a criminal case from a judgment of conviction or from an order denying a postconviction motion or from both shall be taken in the time and manner provided in ss. 808.04 (3), 809.30 and 809.40. An appeal of an order or judgment on habeas corpus remanding to custody a prisoner committed for trial under s. 970.03 shall be taken under ss. 808.03 (2) and 809.50, with notice to the attorney general and the district attorney and opportunity for them to be heard.

AB291, s. 35 Section 35. 974.05 (1) (b) of the statutes is amended to read:

AB291,19,23 974.05 (1) (b) Order granting postconviction relief under s. 974.02 or, 974.06 or 974.07.

AB291, s. 36 Section 36. 974.07 of the statutes is created to read:

AB291,20,2 974.07 Motion for postconviction deoxyribonucleic acid testing of certain evidence. (1) In this section:

AB291,20,3 (a) "Movant" means a person who makes a motion under sub. (2).

AB291,20,5 (b) "Government agency" means any department, agency, or court of the federal government, of this state, or of a city, village, town, or county in this state.

AB291,20,10 (2) At any time after being convicted of a crime, adjudicated delinquent, or found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, a person may make a motion in the court in which he or she was convicted, adjudicated delinquent, or found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect for an order requiring forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing of evidence to which all of the following apply:

AB291,20,13 (a) The evidence is relevant to the investigation or prosecution that resulted in the conviction, adjudication, or finding of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect.

AB291,20,15 (b) The evidence is in the actual or constructive possession of a government agency.

AB291,20,20 (c) The evidence has not previously been subjected to forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing or, if the evidence has previously been tested, it may now be subjected to another test using a scientific technique that was not available or was not utilized at the time of the previous testing and that provides a reasonable likelihood of more accurate and probative results.

AB291,21,4 (3) A movant or, if applicable, his or her attorney shall serve a copy of the motion made under sub. (2) on the district attorney's office that prosecuted the case that resulted in the conviction, adjudication, or finding of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect. The court in which the motion is made shall also notify the appropriate district attorney's office that a motion has been made under sub. (2) and shall give the district attorney an opportunity to respond to the motion. Failure by a movant to serve a copy of the motion on the appropriate district attorney's office does not deprive the court of jurisdiction and is not grounds for dismissal of the motion.

AB291,21,12 (4) (a) The clerk of the circuit court in which a motion under sub. (2) is made shall send a copy of the motion and, if a hearing on the motion is scheduled, a notice of the hearing to the victim of the crime or delinquent act committed by the movant, if the clerk is able to determine an address for the victim. The clerk of the circuit court shall make a reasonable attempt to send the copy of the motion to the address of the victim within 7 days of the date on which the motion is filed and shall make a reasonable attempt to send a notice of hearing, if a hearing is scheduled, to the address of the victim, postmarked at least 10 days before the date of the hearing.

AB291,21,19 (b) Notwithstanding the limitation on the disclosure of mailing addresses from completed information cards submitted by victims under ss. 51.37 (10) (dx), 301.046 (4) (d), 301.048 (4m) (d), 301.38 (4), 302.115 (4), 304.06 (1) (f), 304.063 (4), 938.51 (2), 971.17 (6m) (d), and 980.11 (4), the department of corrections, the parole commission, and the department of health and family services shall, upon request, assist clerks of court in obtaining information regarding the mailing address of victims for the purpose of sending copies of motions and notices of hearings under par. (a).

AB291,21,25 (5) Upon receiving under sub. (3) a copy of a motion made under sub. (2) or notice from a court that a motion has been made, whichever occurs first, the district attorney shall take all actions necessary to ensure that all biological material that was collected in connection with the investigation or prosecution of the case and that remains in the actual or constructive custody of a government agency is preserved pending completion of the proceedings under this section.

AB291,22,3 (6) (a) Upon demand the district attorney shall disclose to the movant or his or her attorney whether biological material has been tested and shall make available to the movant or his or her attorney the following material:

AB291,22,4 1. Findings based on testing of biological materials.

AB291,22,7 2. Physical evidence that is in the actual or constructive possession of a government agency and that contains biological material or on which there is biological material.

AB291,22,10 (b) Upon demand the movant or his or her attorney shall disclose to the district attorney whether biological material has been tested and shall make available to the district attorney the following material:

AB291,22,11 1. Findings based on testing of biological materials.

AB291,22,12 2. The movant's biological specimen.

AB291,22,15 (c) Upon motion of the district attorney or the movant, the court may impose reasonable conditions on availability of material requested under pars. (a) 2. and (b) 2. in order to protect the integrity of the evidence.

AB291,22,18 (d) This subsection does not apply unless the information being disclosed or the material being made available is relevant to the movant's claim of innocence at issue in the motion made under sub. (2).

AB291,22,20 (7) (a) A court in which a motion under sub. (2) is filed shall order forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing if all of the following apply:

AB291,22,25 1. It is reasonably probable that the movant would not have been prosecuted, convicted, found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, or adjudicated delinquent for the offense at issue in the motion under sub. (2), if exculpatory deoxyribonucleic acid testing results had been available before the prosecution, conviction, finding of not guilty, or adjudication for the offense.

AB291,23,2 2. The evidence is in the actual or constructive possession of a government agency.

AB291,23,6 3. The chain of custody of the evidence to be tested establishes that the evidence has not been tampered with, replaced, or altered in any material respect or, if the chain of custody does not establish the integrity of the evidence, the testing itself can establish the integrity of the evidence.

AB291,23,11 4. The evidence has not previously been subjected to forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing or, if the evidence has previously been tested, it may now be subjected to another test using a scientific technique that was not available or was not utilized at the time of the previous testing and that provides a reasonable likelihood of more accurate and probative results.

AB291,23,13 (b) A court in which a motion under sub. (2) is filed may order forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing if all of the following apply:

AB291,23,19 1. The conviction or sentence in a criminal proceeding, the finding of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, the commitment under s. 971.17, or the adjudication or disposition in a proceeding under ch. 938, would have been more favorable to the movant if the results of deoxyribonucleic acid testing had been available before he or she was prosecuted, convicted, found not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, or adjudicated delinquent for the offense.

AB291,23,21 2. The evidence is in the actual or constructive possession of a government agency.

AB291,23,25 3. The chain of custody of the evidence to be tested establishes that the evidence has not been tampered with, replaced, or altered in any material respect or, if the chain of custody does not establish the integrity of the evidence, the testing itself can establish the integrity of the evidence.

AB291,24,5 4. The evidence has not previously been subjected to forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing or, if the evidence has previously been tested, it may now be subjected to another test using a scientific technique that was not available or was not utilized at the time of the previous testing and that provides a reasonable likelihood of more accurate and probative results.

AB291,24,10 (8) The court may impose reasonable conditions on any testing ordered under this section in order to protect the integrity of the evidence and the testing process. If appropriate and if stipulated to by the movant and the district attorney, the court may order the state crime laboratories to perform the testing as provided under s. 165.77 (2m).

AB291,24,15 (9) If a court in which a motion under sub. (2) is filed does not order forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing, or if the results of forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing ordered under this section are not supportive of the movant's innocence claim, the court shall determine the disposition of the evidence specified in the motion subject to the following:

AB291,24,23 (a) If a person other than the movant is in custody, as defined in s. 968.205 (1) (a), the evidence is relevant to the criminal, delinquency, or commitment proceeding that resulted in the person being in custody, the person has not been denied deoxyribonucleic acid testing or postconviction relief under this section, and the person has not waived his or her right to preserve the evidence under s. 165.81 (3), 757.54 (2), 968.205, or 978.08, the court shall order the evidence preserved until all persons entitled to have the evidence preserved are released from custody, and the court shall designate who shall preserve the evidence.

AB291,25,2 (b) If the conditions in par. (a) are not present, the court shall determine the disposition of the evidence, and, if the evidence is to be preserved, by whom and for how long. The court shall issue appropriate orders concerning the disposition of the evidence based on its determinations.

AB291,25,8 (10) (a) If the results of forensic deoxyribonucleic acid testing ordered under this section support the movant's claim of innocence, the court shall schedule a hearing to determine the appropriate relief to be granted to the movant. After the hearing, and based on the results of the testing and any evidence or other matter presented at the hearing, the court shall enter any order that serves the interests of justice, including any of the following:

AB291,25,11 1. An order setting aside or vacating the movant's judgment of conviction, judgment of not guilty by reason of mental disease or defect, or adjudication of delinquency.

AB291,25,12 2. An order granting the movant a new trial or fact-finding hearing.

AB291,25,14 3. An order granting the movant a new sentencing hearing, commitment hearing, or dispositional hearing.

AB291,25,16 4. An order discharging the movant from custody, as defined in s. 968.205 (1) (a), if the movant is in custody.

AB291,25,18 5. An order specifying the disposition of any evidence that remains after the completion of the testing, subject to sub. (9) (a) and (b).

AB291,25,20 (b) A court may order a new trial under par. (a) without making the findings specified in s. 805.15 (3) (a) and (b).

AB291,25,24 (11) A court considering a motion made under sub. (2) by a movant who is not represented by counsel shall, if the movant claims or appears to be indigent, refer the movant to the state public defender for determination of indigency and appointment of counsel under s. 977.05 (4) (j).