PSC 113.0701(1)
(1) “Flicker" or “voltage flicker" means a variation of input voltage sufficient in duration to allow visual observation of a change in electric light intensity.
PSC 113.0701(2)
(2) “Harmonic distortion" means the mathematical representation of the distortion of the pure sine waveform. Distortion of the pure sine waveform is typically caused by loads that draw current discontinuously or whose impedance varies during the cycle of the input ac voltage waveform.
PSC 113.0701(3)
(3) “Point of service" means the connection point between the customer electrical system and the utility electrical system.
PSC 113.0701(4)
(4) “Power quality" means the concept of powering and grounding sensitive electronic equipment in a manner that is suitable to the operation of that equipment.
PSC 113.0701(5)
(5) “Retail power service" means service furnished principally for electromotive or industrial purposes and may include service for lighting incidental thereto, as defined in the utility's rates and rules.
PSC 113.0701(6)
(6) “Sag" means an rms reduction in the ac voltage, at the power frequency, for durations from a half-cycle to a few seconds.
PSC 113.0701(7)
(7) “Swell" means an rms increase in the ac voltage, at the power frequency, for durations from a half-cycle to a few seconds.
PSC 113.0701(8)
(8) “Transient" means a subcycle disturbance in the ac waveform that is evidenced by a sharp but brief discontinuity of the wave form. A transient may be of either polarity and may be additive to or subtractive from the nominal waveform.
PSC 113.0701 Note
Note: The definitions used in subsections (1), (2), (4), (7), and (8) are based on the definitions in Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms-7
th Ed.
PSC 113.0701(9)
(9) “Steady state voltage" means the rms voltage after all sags, swells and transients have decayed to a negligible value.
PSC 113.0701(10)
(10) “Service voltage" means the steady state voltage at the point of service.
PSC 113.0701 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00; correction in (intro.) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats.,
Register, January, 2001, No. 541;
CR 02-027: am. (1), (2), (4) and (6) to (8),
Register December 2002 No. 564, eff. 1-1-03.
PSC 113.0702
PSC 113.0702 Standard and maintenance of a service voltage. Each utility shall adopt standard nominal service voltages for each of the several areas into which the distribution system or systems may be divided and shall file with the commission a statement of the standard voltages adopted. The service voltage shall be reasonably constant within the following limits:
PSC 113.0702(1)
(1) For all retail service, except retail power service, the service voltage shall not vary by more than 5% above or below the standard voltage.
PSC 113.0702(2)
(2) For retail power service furnished to customers having demands of 500 kilowatts or less, the service voltage shall be no more than 5% above or 10% below the standard nominal voltage.
PSC 113.0702(3)
(3) For retail power service furnished to customers having demands of more than 500 kilowatts, the service voltage shall not vary by more than 10% above or 10% below the standard nominal voltage.
PSC 113.0702(4)
(4) For polyphase voltage unbalance issues, ANSI C.84.1-1989 Appendix D is the reference that will be followed. The utility and its customers may agree to not be constrained to the reference if it is economically beneficial to the customer.
PSC 113.0702(5)
(5) For service rendered to public utilities and others for resale the standard nominal voltage shall be as mutually agreed upon by the parties concerned. If no formal agreement exists, the standard nominal voltage shall vary by no more than 10% above or below the secondary nominal voltage.
PSC 113.0702(6)
(6) The variation in service voltage referred to in subs.
(1) to
(3) inclusive shall refer to a steady state voltage.
PSC 113.0702(7)
(7) Upon customer request, the utility shall investigate line voltage variations and disturbances, associated with voltage sags, swells and transients, at the point of service. Requests for tests may be limited in availability, number or frequency for the same customer at the same location where previous tests have indicated that the variations and disturbances are within acceptable industry limits. The utility may establish rules for certain customers to decrease the incidents of these variations and disturbances as seen by other customers.
PSC 113.0702 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0703(1)(1)
Service interruptions, or voltage sags, swells and transients caused by the action of the elements, temporary separation of parts of the system from the main system, infrequent or unavoidable fluctuations of short duration, equipment failure, normal system operations necessary operations to safeguard employees or the general public, or other causes beyond the control of the utility shall not be considered a violation of these rules.
PSC 113.0703 Note
Note: Voltage fluctuations, transients, sags and swells may affect the performance of certain types of equipment or operations and should be considered by the customer. Customers having equipment or operations that are sensitive to such voltage fluctuations, or that require service other than that specified by these rules may find it necessary to install, at their own expense, power conditioning equipment or other modifications to protect, mitigate or otherwise provide the type of service needed.
PSC 113.0703(2)
(2) In order to limit the impact of voltage variations, utilities may establish starting and operating criteria for equipment on customer premises. Customer loads shall be sized and operated in accordance with such criteria.
PSC 113.0703(3)
(3) If procedures for voltage reduction during emergency operating conditions have been filed with and accepted or approved by the commission, variations of voltage in excess of those specified in ss.
PSC 113.0702 and
113.0703, resulting from implementation in accordance with the specified procedures, shall not be considered a violation of these rules.
PSC 113.0703 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0704
PSC 113.0704 Harmonics of 60 Hz voltage waves. Utilities shall make reasonable efforts to investigate equipment operating problems suspected to be associated with harmonic distortion of the 60 Hz voltage sinewave at the point of service. When the source of the harmonic distortion is determined to be equipment operated by a specific customer, the utility shall notify the customer and it shall be the customer's responsibility to correct the problem. When corrective action is necessary, the guideline to be used is the 1992 IEEE Standard 519.
PSC 113.0704 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0705
PSC 113.0705 Power quality diagnostic services. PSC 113.0705(1)(1)
Each utility shall own or otherwise arrange to have available when needed, suitable monitoring equipment for surveying its system and the electrical system of its customers at the point of service for power quality problems; such as harmonic distortion, voltage sags and swells, transients and flicker; that may adversely affect or interfere with the overall adequacy of service to its customers. If the source of the power quality problem is determined to be equipment operated by a specific customer, the utility shall notify the customer and it shall be the customer's responsibility to correct the problem. If the problem is caused by the utility delivery system operating outside the limits set forth in s.
PSC 113.0702 the responsible utility shall correct the problem.
PSC 113.0705(2)
(2) The utility and the affected and/or offending customer shall cooperate as necessary to promptly investigate, diagnose and resolve power quality complaints and problems. The utility shall share the results of its investigation with the affected and/or offending customer. If a utility offers power quality correction or mitigation services or equipment through a non-regulated affiliate or otherwise as a non-utility service, it may advise the customer of this option, but shall disclose the non-utility nature of this offering and that the customer is not obligated to take such services from the utility or its affiliate.
PSC 113.0705 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0706(1)(1)
Each utility shall submit to a public service commission-approved calibration facility once each year a portable digital standard watthour meter and once each 2 years a portable digital indicating voltmeter or multimeter, unless waived by the commission under the provisions of s.
PSC 113.0902 (1). Smaller Class C and D utilities, may be allowed to continue to use the older electromechanical portable watthour standard for a reasonable future time period, if so authorized by the commission.
PSC 113.0706 Note
Note: The rapid movement to the newer fully-electronic digital watthour standards by the measurement industry has limited a laboratory's ability to get replacement parts needed to maintain and calibrate the older electromechanical standards. All utilities have been advised of the need to acquire electronic/digital standards when it is reasonably feasible to replace the older obsolete electromechanical standards.
PSC 113.0706(2)
(2) Each utility shall be equipped with or otherwise arrange to have available when needed, portable digital indicating and recording voltmeters having internal memory channels of an accuracy and quantity sufficient to make a determination that the service voltage supplied to their customers complies with the requirements set forth in ch.
PSC 113. This instrument shall be maintained with an error no greater than 0.8% of full scale.
PSC 113.0706 Note
Note: (1) Caution should be exercised in using digital meters in areas of high electrical fields such as in close proximity to substations, high voltage lines, transformers, regulators, etc., as unstable or erroneous readings may result.
PSC 113.0706 Note
(2) Those utilities which operate standards laboratories will require primary or laboratory grade instruments of a higher accuracy class than required above.
PSC 113.0706(3)
(3) Each recording voltmeter shall be checked with an indicating voltmeter when it is placed in operation and when it is removed, or periodically if the instrument is in a permanent location. Notations for each record shall indicate when the registration began (time and date) and when the record was ended, as well as indicate the point where the voltage was taken. For non-digital recorders, also include the results of the check with an indicating voltmeter.
PSC 113.0706(4)
(4) Utilities with more than 1,000 customers shall have or otherwise arrange to have available when needed, one or more digital recording voltmeters with the appropriate programs to measure both the quality and quantity of the voltage and currents at the point of service. The meters shall be capable of storing the test results in such a manner as the records could be reviewed via a personal computer-based system.
PSC 113.0706(5)
(5) Upon customer request each utility shall make a sufficient number of voltage measurements at the point of service to verify its compliance with these rules. These voltage records, unless replaced by more recent records, shall be available for inspection by the commission for a period of 2 years
PSC 113.0706 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0707
PSC 113.0707 Radio and television interference. PSC 113.0707(1)(1)
Each utility shall own or otherwise arrange to have available when needed, suitable monitoring equipment for surveying its lines and equipment for possible radio and/or television interference.
PSC 113.0707(2)
(2) Each utility shall establish and routinely utilize in the course of regular operation, means whereby the presence of radio and/or television interference may be detected.
PSC 113.0707(3)
(3) Each utility shall, upon notification or detection of the presence of radio and/or television interference, survey its lines and equipment for possible sources of radio and television interference. When significant interference is found, reasonable measures shall be taken to locate the source and, if on the utility's system, to mitigate the interference. Where the magnitude and nature of the interference is found to be so small, intermittent or insignificant that it affects only a few customers or a particular, unique piece of customer equipment that may have limited capabilities to receive weak signals, it may be necessary to limit the utility's responsibility for mitigation to reasonable, cost-effective measures.
PSC 113.0707 Note
Note: In some cases, some interference from the utility's system may be detected, but found to be insignificant and inconsequential for the majority of customers. Its elimination or mitigation may still not result in adequate reception of some signals. In many areas, radio or television reception of some transmissions is normally inadequate due to frequency, weak signal strength, high ambient noise, distance from the source, terrain or other obstacles beyond the utility's control. The capabilities and limitations of the customer's receiver should also be evaluated and considered in determining the nature, extent and cost of the utility's mitigation activities. Also, other options may be available and more feasible, for example, applying the mitigation to the customer's equipment or substitution of cable television (CATV) or digital satellite service for local antenna systems.
PSC 113.0707(4)
(4) Where the source of interference is determined to be equipment owned by a specific customer, the customer shall be so advised and informed of his or her responsibility to correct the problem (see s.
PSC 113.0201).
PSC 113.0707 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0801
PSC 113.0801 Measuring energy on system. Where practical to do so, all electrical quantities required to be reported to the commission shall be metered. Quantities may be calculated when permitted by s.
PSC 113.0802.
PSC 113.0801 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0802(1)(1)
Except as provided in sub.
(2), all energy sold to customers shall be measured by commercially acceptable measuring devices owned and maintained by the utility. All other electrical quantities which the rates or utility's rules indicate are to be metered shall be metered by commercially acceptable instruments owned and maintained by the utility.
PSC 113.0802(2)
(2) For temporary or special installations where it is impractical to meter loads, such as certain highway or area lighting which may be billed at a flat rate based on lamp rating and use, the consumption may be calculated.
PSC 113.0802(3)
(3) The metering and wiring in nontransient, multi-dwelling-unit residential buildings, mobile home parks and commercial establishments where individual unit metering is provided, or required under the provisions of s.
PSC 113.0803, shall be so installed or arranged so that each customer or tenant is metered for his or her own consumption only. Energy used by common area loads, for example, hallway lighting and heating, shall be separately metered and billed as appropriate under the utility's filed tariff.
PSC 113.0802(4)
(4) Utilities shall inspect existing properties for jointly metered service where a tenant reasonably suspects that he or she is being billed for significant usage (e.g., furnace, water heater, etc.) that is serving more than one rental dwelling unit. The utility may bill the property owner for such an inspection. See s.
196.643, Stats.
PSC 113.0802 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0803
PSC 113.0803 Individual electric meters required for non-transient multi-dwelling unit residential buildings, mobile home parks and for commercial establishments. PSC 113.0803(1)(1)
Each dwelling in a multi-dwelling unit residential building and mobile home park constructed after March 1, 1980, shall have installed a separate electric meter for each such dwelling unit. Dwelling unit means a structure or that part of a structure which is used or intended to be used as a home, residence or a sleeping place by one or more persons maintaining a common household and shall exclude transient multi-dwelling buildings and mobile home parks: for example, hotels, motels, campgrounds, hospitals, community-based residential facilities, residential care apartment complexes or similar facilities, nursing homes, college dormitories, fraternities, and sororities.
PSC 113.0803(2)
(2) Each tenant space in a commercial building constructed after March 1, 1980 shall have installed a separate electric meter.
PSC 113.0803(3)
(3) Any existing building which undergoes alterations involving a change in type of occupancy or substantial remodeling shall have installed a separate electric meter for each separate tenant space.
PSC 113.0803(4)
(4) For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of sub.
(1), individual unit metering will not be required:
PSC 113.0803(4)(a)
(a) In commercial buildings where the commercial unit space requirements are subject to alteration, as evidenced by temporary versus permanent type of wall construction separating the commercial unit spaces. Examples of temporary wall construction are partition walls which do not extend through the ceiling and walls which do not constitute a code-required fire separation.
PSC 113.0803(4)(b)
(b) For electricity used in central heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems.
PSC 113.0803(4)(c)
(c) For electric back-up service to storage heating and cooling systems or when alternative renewable energy resources are utilized in connection with central heating ventilating and air conditioning systems.
PSC 113.0803(5)
(5) For reasonable cause shown, the commission may grant waivers of this rule on a case-by-case basis. Applications for a waiver must be submitted to the commission in writing and set forth the facts or reasons applicant believes justify a waiver. In cases involving multi-dwelling unit residential buildings, the applicant must show that the electric equipment under tenant control is substantially more efficient than required by applicable codes and that the overall electric usage under tenant control is minimal. Example cases which would not qualify for waiver are buildings which are electrically heated or buildings which have individual unit electric water heaters.
PSC 113.0803 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00;
CR 02-027: am. (1),
Register December 2002 No. 564, eff. 1-1-03.
PSC 113.0804
PSC 113.0804 One-point metering. Every reasonable effort shall be made to measure at one point all the electrical quantities necessary for billing a customer under a given rate.
PSC 113.0804 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0805
PSC 113.0805 Tamper-resistant equipment. Where electrical energy has been diverted or the utility's equipment for measuring the service or controlling a customer's load has been interfered with, the utility may require the customer to install entrance and service equipment to prevent current diversion or interference with the metering or control equipment.
PSC 113.0805 Note
Note: Care should be taken in determining the existence of diversion and amount of energy diverted. In case check-meters are used, the possibility of grounds between meters, normal meter inaccuracies and incorrect connections of meters should not be over-looked. The requirements of the Wisconsin state electrical code for entrances should effectively prevent such diversion. Attention is directed to ss.
939.32 and
943.20, Stats.
PSC 113.0805 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0806(1)(1)
Meters which are not direct reading shall have the multiplier plainly marked on the dial of the instrument or otherwise suitably marked and all charts taken from recording meters shall be marked with the date of the record, the meter number, customer and chart multiplier.
PSC 113.0806(2)
(2) The register ratio shall be marked on all meter registers.
PSC 113.0806(3)
(3) The watthour constant for the meter itself shall be placed on each watthour meter.
PSC 113.0806 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0807(1)(1)
Metering equipment shall not be set “fast" or “slow" to compensate for supply transformer or line losses.
PSC 113.0807(2)
(2) Loss compensators designed to be used with meters and which accurately add iron losses, copper losses, or both may be used. The compensator shall carry a tag identifying the compensation and shall be tested when the associated meter is tested and when the associated supply equipment on lines are changed.
PSC 113.0807 Note
Note: See s.
PSC 113.0917 which covers test requirements for transformer loss compensators.
PSC 113.0807 History
History: Cr.
Register, July, 2000, No. 535, eff. 8-1-00.
PSC 113.0808
PSC 113.0808 Sealing meters and service entrance equipment.
