1995-1996 Wisconsin Legislature, September 1995 Special Session

Assembly Bill 1

Relating to: creating a local professional baseball park district in certain jurisdictions; giving a local professional baseball park district the authority to issue bonds and granting income tax exemptions for interest income on bonds issued by the district; making a state moral obligation pledge with respect to bonds issued by a local professional baseball park district; giving a local professional baseball park district the authority to impose a room tax, a sales tax and a use tax; creating an income and franchise tax exemption for a local professional baseball park district; creating an exception for a local professional baseball park district from certain landlord-tenant provisions; authorizing state expenditures for state highway rehabilitation; increasing a limitation on certain economic development bonding by the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority; making appropriations; and providing a penalty. (FE) relating to: creating a local professional baseball park district in certain jurisdictions; giving a local professional baseball park district the authority to issue bonds and granting income tax exemptions for interest income on bonds issued by the district; making a state moral obligation pledge with respect to bonds issued by a local professional baseball park district; giving a local professional baseball park district the authority to impose a room tax, a sales tax and a use tax; creating an income and franchise tax exemption for a local professional baseball park district; creating an exception for a local professional baseball park district from certain landlord-tenant provisions; authorizing state expenditures for state highway rehabilitation; increasing a limitation on certain economic development bonding by the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority; making appropriations; and providing a penalty. (FE)

Important Actions (newest first)

Date / House Action Journal
10/12/1995 Asm.Report approved by the Governor with partial veto on 10-12-95. 1995 Wisconsin Act 56. Published. 591
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 32 concurred in, Ayes 61, Noes 37 573
10/5/1995 Sen.Concurred in as amended, Ayes 16, Noes 15 390

History

Date / House Action Journal
9/5/1995 Asm.Introduced by committee on ASSEMBLY ORGANIZATION, by request of Governor Tommy G. Thompson.  
9/5/1995 Asm.Read first time and referred to joint survey committee on Tax Exemptions 431
9/7/1995 Asm.Executive action taken.  
9/12/1995 Asm.Report of joint survey committee on Tax Exemptions received 444
9/12/1995 Asm.Referred to select committee on Milwaukee Baseball Stadium 444
9/14/1995 Asm.Public hearing held.  
9/19/1995 Asm.Rules suspended to withdraw from select committee on Milwaukee Baseball Stadium and refer to joint committee on Finance 464
9/22/1995 Asm.Fiscal estimate received.  
9/22/1995 Asm.Fiscal estimate received.  
9/22/1995 Asm.LRB correction.  
9/22/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 offered by Representatives Prosser, Hubler, Jensen, Vrakas, Lehman, Bock, Coggs and Ziegelbauer 486
9/22/1995 Asm.Executive action taken.  
9/22/1995 Asm.Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by committee on Finance joint committee on Finance 498
9/27/1995 Asm.Report Assembly substitute amendment 1 adoption recommended by joint committee on Finance, Ayes 9, Noes 7 498
9/27/1995 Asm.Report passage as amended recommended by joint committee on Finance, Ayes 9, Noes 7 498
9/27/1995 Asm.Referred to calendar 498
9/27/1995 Asm.Read a second time 499
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 499
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 54, Noes 45 499
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 2 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 499
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 2 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 52, Noes 47 499
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 3 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 3 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 52, Noes 47 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 4 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 4 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 74, Noes 25 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 5 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Ladwig and Porter 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 5 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 6 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 6 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 7 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Williams 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 7 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 8 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Morris-Tatum 500
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 8 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 89, Noes 10 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 9 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Ladwig, Ainsworth and Porter 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 9 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 placed after Assembly amendment 19 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 10 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Ziegelbauer 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 10 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 58, Noes 41 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 11 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Gunderson 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 11 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 12 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 12 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 placed after Assembly amendment 17 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 13 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 501
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 13 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 52, Noes 47 502
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 14 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 502
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 14 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 53, Noes 46 502
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 15 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 502
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 15 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 62, Noes 37 502
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 16 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 16 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 17 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 to Assembly amendment 17 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Carpenter 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 to Assembly amendment 17 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 17 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 56, Noes 43 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 12 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 18 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Ward and Brancel 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 18 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 19 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Hubler, Kunicki, Prosser, Wood, Ziegelbauer, Bock and Brancel 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 19 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 99, Noes 0 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 9 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 99, Noes 0 503
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 20 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Wood 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 20 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 21 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Plache, Turner and Ladwig 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 21 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 61, Noes 38 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 22 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Kreuser 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 22 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 56, Noes 43 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 23 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Black, Gronemus, La Fave, Williams, Morris-Tatum, Turner, Carpenter, Baldwin, L. Young, Baldus, Wilder, R. Young and Springer 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Point of order raised by Representative Foti that Assembly amendment 23 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 not germane 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Point of order taken under advisement by the Chair 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 24 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Coggs, Williams, Morris-Tatum and L. Young 504
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 24 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 25 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Grothman 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 25 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 26 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Brancel, Hubler, Wilder and Ziegelbauer 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 26 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 27 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Robson 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 27 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 placed after Assembly amendment 34 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 28 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Black and Williams 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 28 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 59, Noes 40 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 29 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Coggs, Williams, Riley, Morris-Tatum and L. Young 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 29 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 94, Noes 5 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 30 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Coggs and Carpenter 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 30 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 31 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Robson 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 31 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 withdrawn and returned to author 505
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 32 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Carpenter, Vrakas and Ward 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 32 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 97, Noes 2 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 33 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Carpenter and Prosser 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 33 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 96, Noes 3 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 34 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representatives Robson and Morris-Tatum 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Refused to table Assembly amendment 34 to Assembly substitute amendment 1, Ayes 47, Noes 52 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 34 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 76, Noes 23 506
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 27 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 75, Noes 24 507
9/27/1995 Asm.Chair ruled well taken the point of order that Assembly amendment 23 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 not germane 507
9/27/1995 Asm.Decision of the Chair appealed by Representative Black 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Decision of the Chair upheld, Ayes 51, Noes 48 507
9/27/1995 Asm.Refused to suspend the rules to take up Assembly amendment 23 to Assembly substitute amendment 1, Ayes 48, Noes 51 507
9/27/1995 Asm.Point of order raised by Representative Plache that Assembly substitute amendment 1 not germane 507
9/27/1995 Asm.Chair ruled point of order not well taken 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Decision of the Chair appealed by Representative Plache 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Decision of the Chair upheld, Ayes 52, Noes 47 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 35 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 offered by Representative Black 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 35 to Assembly substitute amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 50, Noes 49 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Assembly substitute amendment 1 adopted, Ayes 79, Noes 20 508
9/27/1995 Asm.Ordered to a third reading 509
9/27/1995 Asm.Rules suspended 509
9/27/1995 Asm.Read a third time and passed, Ayes 52, Noes 47 509
9/27/1995 Asm.Ordered immediately messaged 509
9/28/1995 Sen.Received from Assembly 364
9/28/1995 Sen.Read first time and referred to committee on Senate Organization 364
9/28/1995 Sen.Printed engrossed by the direction of the Senate Chief Clerk.  
10/3/1995 Sen.LRB correction 376
10/3/1995 Sen.LRB correction 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 offered by Senators Decker and Shibilski 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 2 offered by Senator Risser 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 3 offered by Senator Risser 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 4 offered by Senator Risser 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 5 offered by Senator Welch 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 6 offered by Senators Chvala, Wineke, Decker, Shibilski, Clausing, Risser and Moen 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 7 offered by Senator Petak 376
10/3/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 8 offered by Senators Chvala, Clausing, Decker and Moen 376
10/5/1995 Sen.Read a second time 384
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 2 rejected, Ayes 20, Noes 11 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 3 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 4 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 11 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 9 offered by Senators Risser, Chvala, Decker and Shibilski 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 10 offered by Senators Wineke, Decker, Chvala, Shibilski and Moen 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 11 offered by Senators Wineke and Clausing 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 12 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Wineke, Shibilski, Clausing, Risser, Moen and Jauch 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 13 offered by Senators George, Moore and Wineke 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 14 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Wineke, Shibilski, Clausing, Risser and Moen 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 15 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Wineke, Shibilski, Clausing and Risser 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 16 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Clausing and Risser 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 17 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Clausing and Risser 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 18 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Wineke, Shibilski, Clausing, Risser and Moen 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 19 offered by Senator George 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 20 offered by Senator George 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 21 offered by Senator George 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 22 offered by Senator George 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 23 offered by Senators Moore, George, Decker, Wineke, Clausing and Risser 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 24 offered by Senator Moore 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 25 offered by Senator Wineke 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 5 placed after Senate amendment 25 385
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 6 laid on table, Ayes 17, Noes 14 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 7 laid on table, Ayes 21, Noes 10 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 8 laid on table, Ayes 17, Noes 14 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 9 laid on table, Ayes 22, Noes 11 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Point of order that Senate amendment 10 is not germane well taken 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Decision of the Chair stands as the judgement of the Senate, Ayes 17, Noes 14 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 11 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Entire membership of the Senate added as coauthors of Senate amendment 12 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 12 adopted 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senator Welch added as a coauthor of Senate amendment 13 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 13 laid on table, Ayes 17, Noes 14 386
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 15 laid on table 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 24 laid on table 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 14 withdrawn and returned to author 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 16 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 17 laid on table, Ayes 18, Noes 13 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 18 laid on table, Ayes 18, Noes 13 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 19 adopted 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 20 placed after Senate amendment 25 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 22 withdrawn and returned to author 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 21 laid on table, Ayes 18, Noes 13 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 23 adopted 387
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 25 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 20 laid on table, Ayes 21, Noes 10 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 26 offered by Senator Risser 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 27 offered by Senator Decker 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 28 offered by Senator Decker 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 29 offered by Senators Schultz and Rude 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 30 offered by Senator Weeden 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 31 offered by Senators Panzer, Burke and Huelsman 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 32 offered by Senators Schultz and Rude 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 5 placed after Senate amendment 32 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 26 laid on table, Ayes 24, Noes 7 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 27 laid on table, Ayes 19, Noes 12 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 28 laid on table, Ayes 17, Noes 14 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senators Buettner, Panzer, Welch, Darling, Rosenzweig and Schultz added as coauthors of Senate amendment 32 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 29 withdrawn and returned to author 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 30 adopted 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 31 adopted 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 to Senate amendment 32 offered by Senator Wineke 388
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 to Senate amendment 32 rejected, Ayes 19, Noes 11 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 2 to Senate amendment 32 offered by Senator Wineke 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 2 to Senate amendment 32 rejected, Ayes 18, Noes 13 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senator Petak added as a coauthor of Senate amendment 32 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 32 adopted 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 to Senate amendment 5 offered by Senator Chvala 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senator Potter added as a coauthor of Senate amendment 5 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 1 to Senate amendment 5 rejected 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 5 laid on table, Ayes 20, Noes 11 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 33 offered by Senator Decker 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Senate amendment 33 rejected 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Ordered to a third reading 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Rules suspended 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Read a third time 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Refused to concur in as amended, Ayes 15, Noes 16 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Vote by which concurrence was refused, reconsidered 389
10/5/1995 Sen.Refused to concur in as amended, Ayes 15, Noes 16 390
10/5/1995 Sen.Vote by which concurrence refused, reconsidered 390
10/5/1995 Sen.Concurred in as amended, Ayes 16, Noes 15 390
10/5/1995 Sen.LRB correction 391
10/5/1995 Sen.Ordered immediately messaged 390
10/10/1995 Asm.Received from Senate amended and concurred in as amended (Senate amendments 12, 19, 23, 30, 31 and 32 adopted) 570
10/10/1995 Asm.Referred to calendar 570
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 12 concurred in 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 19 concurred in 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 23 concurred in 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 30 concurred in 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 31 concurred in 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 1 to Senate amendment 32 offered by Representative Robson 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Point of order raised by Representative Gard that Assembly amendment 1 to senate amendment 32 not germane 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Chair ruled point of order well taken 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Refused to refer to committee on Elections and Constitutional Law, Ayes 26, Noes 72 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 2 to Senate amendment 32 offered by Representative Robson 571
10/10/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 2 to Senate amendment 32 laid on table, Ayes 56, Noes 42 572
10/10/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 3 to Senate amendment 32 offered by Representative Wood 572
10/10/1995 Asm.Assembly amendment 3 to Senate amendment 32 laid on table, Ayes 51, Noes 47 572
10/10/1995 Asm.Refused to nonconcur in Senate amendment 32, Ayes 40, Noes 58 572
10/10/1995 Asm.Senate amendment 32 concurred in, Ayes 61, Noes 37 573
10/10/1995 Asm.Action ordered immediately messaged 573
10/12/1995 Asm.LRB Correction (Senate amendment 32) 593
10/12/1995 Asm.Report correctly enrolled 591
10/12/1995 Asm.Report approved by the Governor with partial veto on 10-12-95. 1995 Wisconsin Act 56. Published. 591
 
Content subject to change after proofing by Chief Clerk staff.