706.057(2)
(2) Use of an interest in minerals. In this section, an interest in minerals is used if any of the following occur:
706.057(2)(a)
(a) Any minerals are mined in exploitation of the interest in minerals.
706.057(2)(b)
(b) A conveyance of mineral interests is recorded under this chapter.
706.057(2)(c)
(c) Any other conveyance evidencing a transaction by which the interest in minerals is created, aliened, reserved, mortgaged or assigned is recorded under this chapter.
706.057(2)(d)
(d) Property taxes are paid on the interest in minerals by the owner of the interest in minerals.
706.057(2)(e)
(e) The owner of the interest in minerals records a statement of claim under
sub. (4) or
(5) concerning the interest in minerals.
706.057(3)(a)(a) Except as provided in
par. (b) or
(c), an interest in minerals lapses if the interest in minerals was not used during the previous 20 years.
706.057(3)(b)
(b) An interest in minerals which was not used during the 20-year period prior to July 1, 1984, does not lapse if the interest in minerals is used within 3 years after July 1, 1984.
706.057(3)(c)
(c) An interest in minerals which was used during the period from 17 to 20 years prior to July 1, 1984, does not lapse if the interest in minerals is used within 3 years after July 1, 1984.
706.057(4)
(4) Statement of claim; recording; requirements. If the owner of an interest in minerals uses the interest in minerals by recording a statement of claim, the statement of claim shall comply with this subsection. The statement of claim shall contain the name and address of the owner of the interest in minerals, a description of the location and boundary of the interest in minerals and a reference to the recorded instrument which created the interest in minerals. The statement of claim shall be recorded with the register of deeds for the county in which the interest in minerals is located.
706.057(5)
(5) Cure of lapse. The lapse of an interest in minerals under
sub. (3) is cured if the owner of the interest in minerals records a statement of claim complying with all of the requirements of
sub. (4) before the surface owner records a statement of claim under
sub. (6) (a) or before a statement of claim takes effect under
sub. (6) (b) 1., whichever is later.
706.057(6)
(6) Claim of lapsed interest in minerals. 706.057(6)(a)(a) The owner of the land under which an interest in minerals exists may claim that portion of a lapsed interest in minerals which lies beneath the owner's land by recording a statement of claim. The statement of claim shall contain the name and address of the owner of the land under which the lapsed interest in minerals is located and a description of the land under which the interest in minerals is located. The statement of claim shall be recorded with the register of deeds for the county in which the land is located.
706.057(6)(b)1.1. Except as provided in
subd. 2., a statement of claim which is recorded under
par. (a) before the lapse of the interest in minerals to which the claim applies takes effect when the interest in minerals lapses.
706.057(6)(b)2.
2. A statement of claim which is recorded under
par. (a) before the lapse of the interest in minerals to which the claim applies is void 6 years after the statement of claim is recorded if the interest in minerals does not lapse within that 6-year period.
706.057(7)
(7) Statement of claim; recording; register of deeds' duty. The register of deeds shall provide copies of the uniform form for statements of claim under
subs. (4),
(5) and
(6). Upon receipt of a statement of claim under
sub. (4),
(5) or
(6) in the office of the register of deeds, the register of deeds shall record the claim in a manner which will permit the existence of an interest in minerals to be determined by reference to the parcel or parcels of land above the interest in minerals. The claimant shall pay the recording fee under
s. 59.43 (2).
706.057(9)(a)(a) The owner of an interest in minerals which is the subject of a claim under
sub. (6) (a), within 3 years after the claim is recorded with the register of deeds or within 3 years after the claim takes effect as provided under
sub. (6) (b) 1., whichever is later, may bring an action for a declaratory judgment or declaration of interest on the ownership of the interest in minerals. The action shall be commenced in the circuit court in the county where the interest in minerals is located.
706.057(9)(b)1.1. If the court finds that the owner of the interest in minerals used the interest in minerals within the time limits specified under
sub. (3) or that the owner of the interest in minerals recorded a claim under
sub. (5) before the surface owner recorded a claim under
sub. (6) (a) or before the claim took effect as provided under
sub. (6) (b) 1., whichever is later, the court shall issue a judgment declaring that the interest in minerals is not lapsed.
706.057(9)(b)2.
2. If the court finds that the owner of the interest in minerals did not use the interest in minerals within the time limits specified under
sub. (3) and did not record the claim under
sub. (5) before the surface owner recorded the claim under
sub. (6) (a) or before the claim took effect as provided under
sub. (6) (b) 1. whichever is later, the court shall issue a judgment affirming the surface owner's claim.
706.057(9)(c)
(c) Upon the issuance of a judgment affirming the surface owner's claim or, if no action is brought under
par. (a), at the end of the 3-year period after the surface owner's claim is recorded or at the end of the 3-year period after the claim takes effect as provided under
sub. (6) (b) 1., whichever is later, the ownership of the interest in minerals reverts to the owner of the land under which the lapsed interest in minerals is located and title to the interest in minerals is merged with the title to the surface of the land.
706.057(10)
(10) Waiver; limitation. No person may waive or agree to waive the provisions of this section and any waiver or agreement of this type is void.
706.057 Annotation
Due process requires that every owner of a recorded interest, including a mineral interest under s. 706.057, be provided written notice of an application for a tax deed.
74 Atty. Gen. 59.
706.057 Annotation
Under this section the owner of land under which mineral rights have lapsed must record a claim to the lapsed mineral rights in order to foreclose a separate mineral rights owner from curing the lapse.
79 Atty. Gen. 61.
706.06(1)(1) Any instrument may be acknowledged, or its execution otherwise authenticated by its signators, as provided by the laws of this state; or as provided in this section or
s. 706.07.
706.06(2)
(2) Any public officer entitled by virtue of his or her office to administer oaths, and any member in good standing of the state bar of Wisconsin, may authenticate one or more of the signatures on an instrument relating to lands in this state, by indorsing the instrument "Acknowledged", "Authenticated" or "Signatures Guaranteed", or other words to similar effect, adding the date of authentication, his or her own signature, and his or her official or professional title. Such indorsement, unless expressly limited, shall operate as an authentication of all signatures on the instrument; and shall constitute a certification that each authenticated signature is the genuine signature of the person represented; and, as to signatures made in a representative capacity, that the signer purported, and was believed, to be such representative.
706.06(3)
(3) Affidavits shall be authenticated by a certificate of due execution of the instrument, executed by a person entitled to administer oaths.
706.06(4)
(4) In addition to any criminal penalty or civil remedy otherwise provided by law, knowingly false authentication of an instrument shall subject the authenticator to liability in tort for compensatory and punitive damages caused thereby to any person.
706.07
706.07
Uniform law on notarial acts. 706.07(1)(a)
(a) "Acknowledgment" means a declaration by a person that the person has executed an instrument for the purposes stated therein and, if the instrument is executed in a representative capacity, that the person signed the instrument with proper authority and executed it as the act of the person or entity represented and identified therein.
706.07(1)(b)1.
1. For and on behalf of a corporation, partnership, trust, or other entity, as an authorized officer, agent, partner, trustee, or other representative;
706.07(1)(b)2.
2. As a public officer, personal representative, guardian, or other representative, in the capacity recited in the instrument;
706.07(1)(b)4.
4. In any other capacity as an authorized representative of another.
706.07(1)(c)
(c) "Notarial act" means any act that a notary public of this state is authorized to perform, and includes taking an acknowledgment, administering an oath or affirmation, taking a verification upon oath or affirmation, witnessing or attesting a signature, certifying or attesting a copy, and noting a protest of a negotiable instrument.
706.07(1)(d)
(d) "Notarial officer" means a notary public or other officer authorized to perform notarial acts.
706.07(1)(e)
(e) "Verification upon oath or affirmation" means a declaration that a statement is true made by a person upon oath or affirmation.
706.07(2)(a)(a) In taking an acknowledgment, the notarial officer must determine, either from personal knowledge or from satisfactory evidence, that the person appearing before the officer and making the acknowledgment is the person whose true signature is on the instrument.
706.07(2)(b)
(b) In taking a verification upon oath or affirmation, the notarial officer must determine, either from personal knowledge or from satisfactory evidence, that the person appearing before the officer and making the verification is the person whose true signature is on the statement verified.
706.07(2)(c)
(c) In witnessing or attesting a signature, the notarial officer must determine, either from personal knowledge or from satisfactory evidence, that the signature is that of the person appearing before the officer and named therein.
706.07(2)(d)
(d) In certifying or attesting a copy of a document or other item, the notarial officer must determine that the proffered copy is a full, true, and accurate transcription or reproduction of that which was copied.
706.07(2)(e)
(e) In making or noting a protest of a negotiable instrument, the notarial officer must determine the matters set forth in
s. 403.505 (2).
706.07(2)(f)
(f) A notarial officer has satisfactory evidence that a person is the person whose true signature is on a document if that person:
706.07(2)(f)2.
2. Is identified upon the oath or affirmation of a credible witness personally known to the notarial officer; or
706.07(2)(f)3.
3. Is identified on the basis of identification documents.
706.07(3)(a)(a) A notarial act may be performed within this state by the following persons of this state:
706.07(3)(a)2.
2. A judge, clerk or deputy clerk of a court of record;
706.07(3)(b)
(b) Notarial acts performed within this state under federal authority as provided in
sub. (5) have the same effect as if performed by a notarial officer of this state.
706.07(3)(c)
(c) The signature and title of a person performing a notarial act are prima facie evidence that the signature is genuine and that the person holds the designated title.
706.07(4)
(4) Notarial acts in other jurisdictions of the United States. 706.07(4)(a)(a) A notarial act has the same effect under the law of this state as if performed by a notarial officer of this state, if performed in another state, commonwealth, territory, district, or possession of the United States by any of the following persons:
706.07(4)(a)2.
2. A judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of that jurisdiction; or
706.07(4)(a)3.
3. Any other person authorized by the law of that jurisdiction to perform notarial acts.
706.07(4)(b)
(b) Notarial acts performed in other jurisdictions of the United States under federal authority as provided in
sub. (5) have the same effect as if performed by a notarial officer of this state.
706.07(4)(c)
(c) The signature and title of a person performing a notarial act are prima facie evidence that the signature is genuine and that the person holds the designated title.
706.07(4)(d)
(d) The signature and indicated title of an officer listed in
par. (a) 1. or
2. conclusively establish the authority of a holder of that title to perform a notarial act.
706.07(5)
(5) Notarial acts under federal authority. 706.07(5)(a)(a) A notarial act has the same effect under the law of this state as if performed by a notarial officer of this state if performed anywhere by any of the following persons under authority granted by the law of the United States:
706.07(5)(a)2.
2. A commissioned officer on active duty in the military service of the United States.
706.07(5)(a)3.
3. An officer of the foreign service or consular officer of the United States.
706.07(5)(a)4.
4. Any other person authorized by federal law to perform notarial acts.
706.07(5)(b)
(b) The signature and title of a person performing a notarial act are prima facie evidence that the signature is genuine and that the person holds the designated title.
706.07(5)(c)
(c) The signature and indicated title of an officer listed in
par. (a) 1.,
2. or
3. conclusively establish the authority of a holder of that title to perform a notarial act.
706.07(6)(a)(a) A notarial act has the same effect under the law of this state as if performed by a notarial officer of this state if performed within the jurisdiction of and under authority of a foreign nation or its constituent units or a multinational or international organization by any of the following persons:
706.07(6)(a)2.
2. A judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; or
706.07(6)(a)3.
3. Any other person authorized by the law of that jurisdiction to perform notarial acts.
706.07(6)(b)
(b) An "apostille" in the form prescribed by the Hague convention of October 5, 1961, conclusively establishes that the signature of the notarial officer is genuine and that the officer holds the indicated office.
706.07(6)(c)
(c) A certificate by a foreign service or consular officer of the United States stationed in the nation under the jurisdiction of which the notarial act was performed, or a certificate by a foreign service or consular officer of that nation stationed in the United States, conclusively establishes any matter relating to the authenticity or validity of the notarial act set forth in the certificate.
706.07(6)(d)
(d) An official stamp or seal of the person performing the notarial act is prima facie evidence that the signature is genuine and that the person holds the indicated title.
