852.01
852.01
Basic rules for intestate succession. 852.01(1)
(1)
Who are heirs. Except as modified by the decedent's will under
s. 852.10 (1), any part of the net estate of a decedent that is not disposed of by will passes to the decedent's surviving heirs as follows:
852.01(1)(a)1.
1. If there are no surviving issue of the decedent, or if the surviving issue are all issue of the surviving spouse and the decedent, the entire estate.
852.01(1)(a)2.
2. If there are surviving issue one or more of whom are not issue of the surviving spouse, one-half of decedent's property other than the following property:
852.01(1)(a)2.b.
b. The decedent's interest in property held equally and exclusively with the surviving spouse as tenants in common.
852.01(1)(b)
(b) To the issue, per stirpes, the share of the estate not passing to the spouse under
par. (a), or the entire estate if there is no surviving spouse.
852.01(1)(c)
(c) If there is no surviving spouse or issue, to the parents.
852.01(1)(d)
(d) If there is no surviving spouse, issue or parent, to the brothers and sisters and the issue of any deceased brother or sister per stirpes.
852.01(1)(f)
(f) If there is no surviving spouse, issue, parent or issue of a parent, to the grandparents and their issue as follows:
852.01(1)(f)1.
1. One-half to the maternal grandparents equally if both survive, or to the surviving maternal grandparent; if both maternal grandparents are deceased, to the issue of the maternal grandparents or either of them, per stirpes.
852.01(1)(f)2.
2. One-half to the paternal relations in the same manner as to the maternal relations under
subd. 1.
852.01(1)(f)3.
3. If either the maternal side or the paternal side has no surviving grandparent or issue of a grandparent, the entire estate to the decedent's relatives on the other side.
852.01(2)
(2) Survivorship requirement. Survivorship under
sub. (1) is determined as provided in
s. 854.03.
852.01(2m)
(2m) Heir who kills decedent. If a person under
sub. (1) killed the decedent, the inheritance rights of that person are governed by
s. 854.14.
852.01(3)
(3) Escheat. If there are no heirs of the decedent under
subs. (1) and
(2), the net estate escheats to the state to be added to the capital of the school fund.
852.01 Cross-reference
Cross-reference: See ss.
863.37 (2) and
863.39 (1) for deposit of funds with state treasurer.
852.01 Annotation
Sub. (1) (a) 2. entitles the surviving spouse to one-half of the decedent's nonmarital property. However, it assigns the survivor no interest in their marital property. Therefore, under sub. (1) (b), all of the decedent's interest in marital property passes to the decedent's issue. Estate of Carroll, 2001 WI App 120,
244 Wis. 2d 280,
628 N.W.2d 411,
00-1734.
852.01 Annotation
Wisconsin's New Probate Code. Erlanger. Wis. Law. Oct. 1998.
852.03(3)
(3) Relatives of the half blood. Inheritance rights of relatives of the half blood are governed by
s. 854.21 (4).
852.03(4)
(4) Posthumous heirs. Inheritance rights of a person specified in
s. 852.01 (1) who was born after the death of the decedent are governed by
s. 854.21 (5).
852.03(5)
(5) Related through 2 lines. Inheritance rights of a person who is related to the decedent through 2 lines of relationship are governed by
s. 854.21 (6).
852.03(6)
(6) Taking through or by alien. No person is disqualified from taking as an heir because the person or a person through whom he or she claims is not or at some time was not a U.S. citizen. The rights of an alien to acquire or hold land in the state are governed by
ss. 710.01 to
710.03.
852.03 History
History: 1993 a. 486;
1997 a. 188.
852.05
852.05
Status of child born to unmarried parents for purposes of intestate succession. 852.05(1)
(1) A child born to unmarried parents, or the child's issue, is treated in the same manner as a child, or the issue of a child, born to married parents with respect to intestate succession from and through the child's mother, and from and through the child's father if any of the following applies:
852.05(1)(a)
(a) The father has been adjudicated to be the father in a paternity proceeding under
ch. 767 or by final order or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in another state.
852.05(1)(b)
(b) The father has admitted in open court that he is the father.
852.05(1)(c)
(c) The father has acknowledged himself to be the father in writing signed by him.
852.05(2)
(2) Property of a child born to unmarried parents passes in accordance with
s. 852.01 except that the father or the father's kindred can inherit only if the father has been adjudicated to be the father in a paternity proceeding under
ch. 767 or by final order or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction in another state or has been determined to be the father under
s. 767.805 or a substantially similar law of another state.
852.05(3)(a)(a) This section does not apply to a child who becomes a marital child by the subsequent marriage of the child's parents under
s. 767.803.
852.05(3)(b)
(b) The status of a child born to unmarried parents who is legally adopted is governed by
s. 854.20.
852.05 Annotation
Although a paternity proceeding may not be maintained posthumously, sub. (1) does not deny equal protection or due process to posthumous nonmarital children. In re Estate of Blumreich,
84 Wis. 2d 545,
267 N.W.2d 870 (1978).
852.05 Annotation
The court properly looked to extrinsic evidence to determine whether a signed letter constituted a reasonably clear and certain acknowledgment of paternity. C. R. v. American Standard Ins. Co.
113 Wis. 2d 12,
334 N.W.2d 121 (Ct. App. 1983).
852.05 Annotation
One claiming to be a nonmarital child under sub. (1) must first prove that status and overcome any presumption of paternity in effect. In Matter of Estate of Schneider,
150 Wis. 2d 286,
441 N.W.2d 335 (Ct. App. 1989).
852.05 Annotation
Section 893.88, limiting only an action for the establishment of paternity, does not preclude a motion for the purpose of determining paternity in a probate proceeding. DiBenedetto v. Jaskolski, 2003 WI App 70,
261 Wis. 2d 723,
661 N.W.2d 869,
01-2189.
852.09
852.09
Assignment of home to surviving spouse. If the intestate estate includes an interest in a home, assignment of that interest to the surviving spouse is governed by
s. 861.21.
852.09 History
History: 1993 a. 486;
1997 a. 188.
852.10
852.10
Disinheritance from intestate share. 852.10(1)
(1) A decedent's will may exclude or limit the right of an individual or class to succeed to property passing by intestate succession.
852.10(2)
(2) The share of the intestate estate that would have passed to the individual or class described in
sub. (1) passes as if the individual or each member of the class had disclaimed his or her intestate share under
s. 854.13.
852.10(3)
(3) This section does not apply if the individual or all members of the class described in
sub. (1) predecease the testator.
852.10 History
History: 1997 a. 188.
852.11
852.11
Advancement. The effect of a lifetime gift by the decedent on the intestate share of an heir is governed by
s. 854.09.
852.11 History
History: 1993 a. 486;
1997 a. 188.
852.12
852.12
Debts to decedent. If an heir owes a debt to the decedent,
s. 854.12 governs the treatment of that debt.
852.12 History
History: 1997 a. 188;
2005 a. 216.
852.13
852.13
Right to disclaim intestate share. Any person to whom property would otherwise pass under
s. 852.01 may disclaim all or part of the property as provided under
s. 854.13.
