Chapter 944

subch. I of ch. 944 SUBCHAPTER I

LEGISLATIVE INTENT

944.01 944.01 Intent. The state recognizes that it has a duty to encourage high moral standards. Although the state does not regulate the private sexual activity of consenting adults, the state does not condone or encourage any form of sexual conduct outside the institution of marriage. Marriage is the foundation of family and society. Its stability is basic to morality and civilization, and of vital interest to society and this state.

944.01 History History: 1983 a. 17.

subch. II of ch. 944 SUBCHAPTER II

SEXUAL CRIMES WHICH AFFECT THE FAMILY

944.05 944.05 Bigamy.

944.05(1) (1) Whoever does any of the following is guilty of a Class I felony:

944.05(1)(a) (a) Contracts a marriage in this state with knowledge that his or her prior marriage is not dissolved; or

944.05(1)(b) (b) Contracts a marriage in this state with knowledge that the prior marriage of the person he or she marries is not dissolved; or

944.05(1)(c) (c) Cohabits in this state with a person whom he or she married outside this state with knowledge that his or her own prior marriage had not been dissolved or with knowledge that the prior marriage of the person he or she married had not been dissolved.

944.05(2) (2) In this section “cohabit” means to live together under the representation or appearance of being married.

944.05 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1993 a. 486; 2001 a. 109.

944.06 944.06 Incest. Whoever marries or has nonmarital sexual intercourse, as defined in s. 948.01 (6), with a person he or she knows is a blood relative and such relative is in fact related in a degree within which the marriage of the parties is prohibited by the law of this state is guilty of a Class F felony.

944.06 History History: 1977 c. 173; 2001 a. 109; 2009 a. 13.

944.06 Annotation Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003), did not announce a fundamental right of adults to engage in all forms of private consensual sexual conduct. There was no clearly established federal law in 2001 that supported defendant’s claim that he had a fundamental right to engage in incest free from government proscription. Muth v. Frank, 412 F.3d 808 (2005).

subch. III of ch. 944 SUBCHAPTER III

FORNICATION; ADULTERY; GRATIFICATION

944.15 944.15 Public fornication.

944.15(1) (1) In this section, “in public” means in a place where or in a manner such that the person knows or has reason to know that his or her conduct is observable by or in the presence of persons other than the person with whom he or she is having sexual intercourse.

944.15(2) (2) Whoever has sexual intercourse in public is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

944.15 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1983 a. 17, 27; 1987 a. 332; 2001 a. 109.

944.16 944.16 Adultery. Whoever does either of the following is guilty of a Class I felony:

944.16(1) (1) A married person who has sexual intercourse with a person not the married person’s spouse; or

944.16(2) (2) A person who has sexual intercourse with a person who is married to another.

944.16 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1993 a. 486; 2001 a. 109.

944.17 944.17 Sexual gratification.

944.17(1) (1) In this section, “in public” means in a place where or in a manner such that the person knows or has reason to know that his or her conduct is observable by or in the presence of persons other than the person with whom he or she is having sexual gratification.

944.17(2) (2) Whoever commits an act of sexual gratification in public involving the sex organ of one person and the mouth or anus of another is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor.

944.17(3) (3) Subsection (2) does not apply to a mother’s breast-feeding of her child.

944.17 History History: 1977 c. 173; 1983 a. 17; 1987 a. 332; 1995 a. 165; 2019 a. 162.

944.18 944.18 Bestiality.

944.18(1) (1) Definitions. In this section:

944.18(1)(a) (a) “Animal” means any creature, either alive or dead, except a human being.

944.18(1)(b) (b) “Obscene material” has the meaning given in s. 944.21 (2) (c).

944.18(1)(c) (c) “Photograph or film” means the making of a photograph, motion picture film, video tape, digital image, or any other recording.

944.18(1)(d) (d) “Sexual contact” means any of the following types of contact that is not an accepted veterinary medical practice, an accepted animal husbandry practice that provides care for animals, an accepted practice related to the insemination of animals for the purpose of procreation, or an accepted practice related to conformation judging:

944.18(1)(d)1. 1. An act between a person and an animal involving physical contact between the sex organ, genitals, or anus of one and the mouth, sex organ, genitals, or anus of the other.

944.18(1)(d)2. 2. Any touching or fondling by a person, either directly or through clothing, of the sex organ, genitals, or anus of an animal or any insertion, however slight, of any part of a person’s body or any object into the vaginal or anal opening of an animal.

944.18(1)(d)3. 3. Any insertion, however slight, of any part of an animal’s body into the vaginal or anal opening of a person.

944.18(2) (2) Prohibited conduct. No person may knowingly do any of the following:

944.18(2)(a) (a) Engage in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(b) (b) Advertise, offer, accept an offer, sell, transfer, purchase, or otherwise obtain an animal with the intent that it be used for sexual contact in this state.

944.18(2)(c) (c) Organize, promote, conduct, or participate as an observer of an act involving sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(d) (d) Permit sexual contact with an animal to be conducted on any premises under his or her ownership or control.

944.18(2)(e) (e) Photograph or film obscene material depicting a person engaged in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(f) (f) Distribute, sell, publish, or transmit obscene material depicting a person engaged in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(g) (g) Possess with the intent to distribute, sell, publish, or transmit obscene material depicting a person engaged in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(h) (h) Force, coerce, entice, or encourage a child who has not attained the age of 13 years to engage in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(i) (i) Engage in sexual contact with an animal in the presence of a child who has not attained the age of 13 years.

944.18(2)(j) (j) Force, coerce, entice, or encourage a child who has attained the age of 13 years but who has not attained the age of 18 years to engage in sexual contact with an animal.

944.18(2)(k) (k) Engage in sexual contact with an animal in the presence of a child who has attained the age of 13 years but who has not attained the age of 18 years.

944.18(3) (3) Penalties.

944.18(3)(a) (a) Any person who violates sub. (2) (a) to (g) is guilty of a Class H felony for the first violation and is guilty of a Class F felony for a 2nd or subsequent violation or if the act results in bodily harm to or the death of an animal. Any person who violates sub. (2) (h) or (i) is guilty of a Class F felony for the first violation and is guilty of a Class D felony for a 2nd or subsequent violation. Any person who violates sub. (2) (j) or (k) is guilty of a Class G felony for the first violation and is guilty of a Class E felony for a 2nd or subsequent violation.

944.18(3)(c) (c) If a person has been convicted under sub. (2), the sentencing court shall order, in addition to any other applicable penalties, all of the following:

944.18(3)(c)1. 1. That the person may not own, possess, reside with, or exercise control over any animal or engage in any occupation, whether paid or unpaid, at any place where animals are kept or cared for, for not less than 5 years or more than 15 years. In computing the time period, time which the person spent in actual confinement serving a criminal sentence shall be excluded.

944.18(3)(c)2. 2. That the person shall submit to a psychological assessment and participate in appropriate counseling at the person’s expense.

944.18(3)(c)3. 3. That the person shall pay restitution to a person, including any local humane officer or society or county or municipal pound or a law enforcement officer or conservation warden or his or her designee, for any pecuniary loss suffered by the person as a result of the crime. This requirement applies regardless of whether the person is placed on probation under s. 973.09. If restitution is ordered, the court shall consider the financial resources and future ability of the person to pay and shall determine the method of payment. Upon application of an interested party, the court shall schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing to determine the value of any pecuniary loss, as defined in s. 951.18 (4) (a) 1., under this subdivision.

944.18(4) (4) Severability. The provisions of this section are severable, as provided in s. 990.001 (11).

944.18 History History: 2019 a. 162; 2021 a. 240 s. 30.

944.19 944.19 Prohibiting child sex dolls.

944.19(1) (1) In this section, “child sex doll” means an anatomically correct doll, mannequin, or robot, with features that are intended to resemble a minor that is intended for use in sex acts, for sexual gratification, or for the purpose of manipulating children into participating in sex acts, instructing children how to participate in sexual acts, or normalizing sexual behavior with children.

944.19(2) (2) 

944.19(2)(a) (a) No person may intentionally possess a child sex doll. A person who violates this paragraph is guilty of the following:

944.19(2)(a)1. 1. For a first offense involving fewer than 3 child sex dolls, a Class I felony.

944.19(2)(a)2. 2. For a 2nd offense or for an offense involving at least 3 child sex dolls, a Class H felony.

944.19(2)(a)3. 3. For a 3rd or subsequent offense, a Class G felony.

944.19(2)(a)4. 4. For a first offense involving a child sex doll that is intended to resemble a specific minor, a Class E felony.

944.19(2)(a)5. 5. For a 2nd or subsequent offense involving a child sex doll that is intended to resemble a specific minor, a Class D felony.

944.19(2)(b) (b) No person may intentionally sell, transfer possession of, advertise, display, or provide premises for the use of, or offer to sell, transfer possession of, advertise, display, or provide premises for the use of, a child sex doll. A person who violates this paragraph is guilty of the following:

944.19(2)(b)1. 1. For a first offense, a Class I felony.

944.19(2)(b)2. 2. For a 2nd offense, a Class H felony.

944.19(2)(b)3. 3. For a 3rd or subsequent offense, a Class G felony.

944.19(2)(c) (c) No person may intentionally sell, transfer possession of, advertise, or display, or offer to sell, transfer possession of, advertise, or display, instructions on how to create a child sex doll or materials intended to create a child sex doll. A person who violates this paragraph is guilty of the following:

944.19(2)(c)1. 1. For a first offense, a Class F felony.

944.19(2)(c)2. 2. For a 2nd or subsequent offense, a Class E felony.

944.19(2)(d) (d) No person may intentionally manufacture a child sex doll. A person who violates this paragraph is guilty of the following:

944.19(2)(d)1. 1. For a first offense, a Class F felony.

944.19(2)(d)2. 2. For a 2nd or subsequent offense, a Class E felony.

944.19(2)(d)3. 3. For a first offense involving a child sex doll that is intended to resemble a specific minor, a Class E felony.

944.19(2)(d)4. 4. For a 2nd or subsequent offense involving a child sex doll that is intended to resemble a specific minor, a Class D felony.

944.19(3) (3) A person who commits a violation under sub. (2) is guilty of a felony that is one classification higher than the penalty provided under sub. (2) if the person has one or more prior convictions for a violation under s. 948.02 (1), 948.025 (1) (a) to (d), 948.03 (2), 948.05, 948.075, or 948.12.

944.19(4) (4) 

944.19(4)(a) (a) Subsection (2) does not apply to a law enforcement officer, physician, psychologist, attorney, officer of the court, or other person involved in law enforcement or child therapy in the lawful performance of his or her duty.

944.19(4)(b) (b) Subsection (2) (b) and (d) do not apply to a manufacturer or distributor who is providing or manufacturing a child sex doll for a use described in par. (a).

944.19 History History: 2023 a. 225.

subch. IV of ch. 944 SUBCHAPTER IV

OBSCENITY

944.20 944.20 Lewd and lascivious behavior.