880.26(2)(b)
(b) A minor ward lawfully marries and the court approves the termination.
880.26(2)(c)
(c) The court adjudicates a former incompetent or a spendthrift to be capable of handling his or her property.
880.26(2)(d)
(d) A ward dies, except when the estate can be settled as provided by
s. 880.28.
880.26(3)
(3) Depleted guardianships. When the court determines that the estate of the ward is below $5,000 and reduced to a point where it is to the advantage of the ward to dispense with the guardianship, the court may terminate the guardianship and authorize disposition of the remaining assets as provided by
s. 880.04 (2). The court, as a part of the disposition, may order a suitable amount paid to the county treasurer under order of the court or reserved in the guardianship to assure the ward a decent burial, a marker and care for the grave. In the case of an insolvent guardianship, the court may order an amount not exceeding $400 reserved in the guardianship or paid to the county treasurer under order of the court to assure the ward a decent burial.
880.26 Annotation
New grounds for termination. 54 MLR 111.
880.27
880.27
Settlement of accounts. Upon termination of a guardianship, or upon resignation, removal or death of a guardian, such guardian or the guardian's personal representative shall forthwith render the guardian's final account to the court and to the former ward, the successor guardian or the deceased ward's personal representative as the case may be. Upon approval of the account and filing proper receipts the guardian shall be discharged and the guardian's bond released.
880.27 History
History: 1971 c. 41 s.
8; Stats. 1971 s. 880.27;
1993 a. 486.
880.28
880.28
Summary settlement of small estates. When a ward dies leaving an estate which can be settled summarily under
s. 867.01, the court may approve such settlement and distribution by the guardian, without the necessity of appointing a personal representative.
880.28 History
History: 1971 c. 41 s.
8; Stats. 1971 s. 880.28;
1975 c. 200.
880.29
880.29
Delivery of property to foreign guardian. When property of a nonresident ward is in the possession of or due from a guardian or personal representative appointed in this state, the appointing court may order such property delivered to the foreign guardian upon filing a verified petition, accompanied by a copy of his or her appointment and bond, authenticated so as to be admissible in evidence, and upon 10 days' notice to the resident guardian or personal representative. Such petition shall be denied if granting it shall appear to be against the interests of the ward. The receipt of the foreign guardian for the property so delivered shall be taken and filed with the other papers in the proceeding, and a certified copy thereof shall be sent to the court which appointed such guardian.
880.29 History
History: 1971 c. 41 s.
8; Stats. 1971 s. 880.29;
1975 c. 200.
880.295
880.295
Guardian for mentally ill patient or conservator for county hospital patient or county home resident. 880.295(1)(a)(a) When a patient in any state or county hospital or mental hospital or in any state institution for the mentally deficient, or a resident of the county home or infirmary, appears in need of a guardian, and does not have a guardian, the department of health and family services by its collection and deportation counsel, or the county corporation counsel, may apply to the circuit court of the county in which the patient resided at the time of commitment or to the circuit court of the county in which the facility in which the patient resides is located for the appointment of a guardian of the person and estate, or either, or for the appointment of a conservator of the estate, and the court, upon the application, may appoint the guardian or conservator in the manner provided for the appointment of guardians under
ss. 880.08 (1) and
880.33 or for the appointment of conservators under
s. 880.31.
880.295(1)(b)
(b) If application is made by a corporation counsel, a copy of the petition made to the court shall be filed with the department of health and family services.
880.295(1)(c)
(c) If application is made by a corporation counsel for appointment of a guardian of the estate of the patient or resident, or by the patient or resident for appointment of a conservator of the patient's or resident's estate, the court may designate the county as guardian or conservator if the court finds that no relative or friend is available to serve as guardian or conservator and the county is not required to make or file any oath or give any bond or security, except in the discretion of the court making the appointment, as similarly provided under
s. 223.03 (6) (a) in the case of the appointment of a trust company bank corporation.
880.295(1)(d)
(d) The court may place any limitations upon the guardianship or conservatorship as it considers to be in the best interest of the patient.
880.295(1)(e)
(e) Before any county employee administers the funds of a person's estate for which the county has been appointed guardian or conservator, the employee must be designated as securities agent in the classified service of the county, and the employee's designation as securities agent shall appear on all court papers that the security agent signs in the name of the county as guardian or conservator. The securities agent, before entering upon the duties, shall also furnish an official bond in the amount and with the sureties that the county board determines, subject to the prior approval of the amount by the court assigned to exercise jurisdiction. The bond shall be filed in the office of the register in probate, and a duplicate original of the bond filed in the office of the county clerk.
880.295(1)(f)
(f) A conservatorship under this section shall be terminated by the court upon discharge of the patient unless application for continued conservatorship is made. The superintendent or director of the facility shall notify the court of the discharge of a patient for whom a guardian or conservator has been appointed under this subsection.
880.295(2)
(2) Any guardian heretofore or hereafter appointed for any such inmate, who, having property of his or her ward in his or her possession or control exceeding $200 in value, fails to pay within 3 months after receipt of any bill thereof for the ward's care and support from the department of health and family services or the agency established pursuant to
s. 46.21, shall, upon application of the collection and deportation counsel of said department or in counties having a population of 500,000 or more, the district attorney, forthwith be removed.
880.31
880.31
Voluntary proceedings; conservators. 880.31(1)
(1) Any adult resident who believes that he or she is unable properly to manage his or her property or income may voluntarily apply to the circuit court of the county of his or her residence for appointment of a conservator of the estate. Upon receipt of the application the court shall fix a time and place for hearing the application and direct to whom and in what manner notice of the hearing shall be given.
880.31(2)
(2) At the time of such hearing the applicant shall be personally examined and if the court is satisfied that the applicant desires a conservator and that the fiduciary nominated is suitable, the court may appoint the nominee as conservator and issue letters of conservatorship to the nominee upon the filing of a bond in the amount fixed by the court.
880.31(3)
(3) A conservator shall have all the powers and duties of a guardian of the property of an incompetent person. The conservator's powers shall cease upon being removed by the court or upon death of the person whose estate is being conserved.
880.31(4)
(4) Any person whose estate is under conservatorship may apply to the court at any time for termination thereof. Upon such application, the court shall fix a time and place for hearing and direct that 10 days' notice by mail be given to the person's guardian, if any, the conservator and the presumptive heirs of the applicant. Upon such hearing, the court shall, unless it is clearly shown that the applicant is incompetent, remove the conservator and order the property restored to the applicant, or if the applicant so desires and the nominee is suitable, the court may appoint a successor conservator.
880.31(5)
(5) If the court shall upon such hearing determine that the person whose estate is administered by a conservator may be incapable of handling his or her estate, the court shall order the conservatorship continued, or if the applicant so desires and the nominee is suitable, the court may appoint a successor conservator.
880.31(6)
(6) Appointment of a conservator shall not be evidence of the competency or incompetency of the person whose estate is being administered.
880.31(7)
(7) If an application for conservatorship is filed, the fee prescribed in
s. 814.66 (1) (b) shall be paid at the time of the filing of the inventory or other documents setting forth the value of the estate.
880.31 History
History: 1971 c. 41 s.
8; Stats. 1971 s. 880.31;
1975 c. 393,
421;
1977 c. 449;
1981 c. 317,
391;
1993 a. 486.
880.31 Annotation
A gift by a competent conservatee without the approval of the conservator was void. Zobel v. Fenendael,
127 Wis. 2d 382,
379 N.W.2d 887 (Ct. App. 1985).
880.31 Annotation
A circuit court must hold some form of hearing on the record, either a full due process hearing or a summary hearing, to continue a protective placement. The circuit court must also make findings based on the factors enumerated in s. 55.06 (2) in support of the need for continuation. County of Dunn v. Goldie H. 2001 WI 102,
245 Wis. 2d 538,
629 N.W.2d 189.
880.32
880.32
Notes and mortgages of minor veterans. Notwithstanding any provision of this chapter or any other law to the contrary, any minor who served in the active armed forces of the United States at any time after August 27, 1940, and the husband or wife of such minor may execute in his or her own right, notes or mortgages, the payment of which is guaranteed or insured by the U.S. department of veterans affairs or the federal housing administrator under the servicemen's readjustment act of 1944 or the national housing act or any acts supplementary thereto or amendatory thereof. In connection with such transactions, such minors may sell, release or convey such mortgaged property and litigate or settle controversies arising therefrom, including the execution of releases, deeds and other necessary papers or instruments. Such notes, mortgages, releases, deeds and other necessary papers or instruments when so executed shall not be subject to avoidance by such minor or the husband or wife of such minor upon either or both of them attaining the age of 18 because of the minority of either or both of them at the time of the execution thereof.
880.32 History
History: 1971 c. 41 s.
8;
1971 c. 228 s.
36; Stats. 1971 s. 880.32;
1989 a. 56;
1997 a. 188.
880.33
880.33
Incompetency; appointment of guardian. 880.33(1)(1) Whenever it is proposed to appoint a guardian on the ground of incompetency, a licensed physician or licensed psychologist, or both, shall furnish a written statement concerning the mental condition of the proposed ward, based upon examination. The privilege under
s. 905.04 shall not apply to this statement. A copy of the statement shall be provided to the proposed ward, guardian ad litem and attorney. Prior to the examination, under this subsection, of a person alleged to be not competent to refuse psychotropic medication under
s. 880.07 (1m), the person shall be informed that his or her statements may be used as a basis for a finding of incompetency and an order for protective services, including psychotropic medication. The person shall also be informed that he or she has a right to remain silent and that the examiner is required to report to the court even if the person remains silent. The issuance of such a warning to the person prior to each examination establishes a presumption that the person understands that he or she need not speak to the examiner.
880.33(2)(a)1.1. The proposed ward has the right to counsel whether or not present at the hearing on determination of competency. The court shall in all cases require the appointment of an attorney as guardian ad litem in accordance with
s. 757.48 (1) and shall in addition require representation by full legal counsel whenever the petition contains the allegations under
s. 880.07 (1m) or if, at least 72 hours before the hearing, the alleged incompetent requests; the guardian ad litem or any other person states that the alleged incompetent is opposed to the guardianship petition; or the court determines that the interests of justice require it. The proposed ward has the right to a trial by a jury if demanded by the proposed ward, attorney or guardian ad litem, except that if the petition contains the allegations under
s. 880.07 (1m) and if notice of the time set for the hearing has previously been provided to the proposed ward and his or her counsel, a jury trial is deemed waived unless demanded at least 48 hours prior to the time set for the hearing. The number of jurors shall be determined under
s. 756.06 (2) (b). The proposed ward, attorney or guardian ad litem shall have the right to present and cross-examine witnesses, including the physician or psychologist reporting to the court under
sub. (1). The attorney or guardian ad litem for the proposed ward shall be provided with a copy of the report of the physician or psychologist at least 96 hours in advance of the hearing. Any final decision of the court is subject to the right of appeal.
880.33(2)(a)2.
2. If the person requests but is unable to obtain legal counsel, the court shall appoint legal counsel. If the person is represented by counsel appointed under
s. 977.08 in a proceeding for a protective placement under
s. 55.06 or for the appointment of a guardian under
s. 880.07 (1m), the court shall order the counsel appointed under
s. 977.08 to represent the person.
880.33(2)(a)3.
3. If the person is an adult who is indigent, the county of legal settlement shall be the county liable for any fees due the guardian ad litem and, if counsel was not appointed under
s. 977.08, for any legal fees due the person's legal counsel. If the person is a minor, the person's parents or the county of legal settlement shall be liable for any fees due the guardian ad litem as provided in
s. 48.235 (8).
880.33(2)(b)
(b) If requested by the proposed ward or anyone on the proposed ward's behalf, the proposed ward has the right at his or her own expense, or if indigent at the expense of the county where the petition is filed, to secure an independent medical or psychological examination relevant to the issue involved in any hearing under this chapter, and to present a report of this independent evaluation or the evaluator's personal testimony as evidence at the hearing.
880.33(2)(d)
(d) The hearing on a petition which contains allegations under
s. 880.07 (1m) shall be held within 30 days after the date of filing of the petition, except that if a jury trial demand is filed the hearing shall be held within either 30 days after the date of filing of the petition or 14 days after the date of the demand for a jury trial, whichever is later. A finding by a court under
s. 51.67 that there is probable cause to believe that the person is a proper subject for guardianship under
s. 880.33 (4m) has the effect of filing a petition under
s. 880.07 (1m).
880.33(2)(e)
(e) Every hearing on a petition under
s. 880.07 (1m) shall be open, unless the proposed ward or his or her attorney acting with the proposed ward's consent moves that it be closed. If the hearing is closed, only persons in interest, including representatives of providers of service and their attorneys and witnesses, may be present.
880.33(3)
(3) In a finding of limited incompetency, guardianship of the person shall be limited in accordance with the order of the court accompanying the finding of incompetence. If the proposed incompetent has executed a power of attorney for health care under
ch. 155, the court shall give consideration to the appointment of the health care agent for the individual as the individual's guardian. The court shall make a specific finding as to which legal rights the person is competent to exercise. Such rights include but are not limited to the right to vote, to marry, to obtain a motor vehicle operator's license or other state license, to hold or convey property and the right to contract. The findings of incompetence must be based upon clear and convincing evidence. The court shall determine if additional medical or psychological testimony is necessary for the court to make an informed decision respecting competency to exercise legal rights and may obtain assistance in the manner provided in
s. 55.06 (8) whether or not protective placement is made. The guardian, ward or any interested person may at any time file a petition with the court requesting a restoration of any such legal right, and specifying the reasons therefor. Such petition may request that a guardianship of the person be terminated and a guardianship of property be established.
880.33(4)
(4) When it appears by clear and convincing evidence that the person is incompetent, the court shall appoint a guardian.
880.33(4m)(a)(a) If the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the person is not competent to refuse psychotropic medication and the allegations under
s. 880.07 (1m) are proven, the court shall appoint a guardian to consent to or refuse psychotropic medication on behalf of the person as provided in the court order under
par. (b).
880.33(4m)(b)
(b) In any case where the court finds that the person is not competent to refuse psychotropic medication under
s. 880.07 (1m) and appoints a guardian to consent to or refuse psychotropic medication on behalf of the person, the court shall do all of the following:
880.33(4m)(b)1.
1. Order the appropriate county department under
s. 46.23,
51.42 or
51.437 to develop or furnish, to provide to the ward, and to submit to the court, a treatment plan specifying the protective services, including psychotropic medication as ordered by the treating physician, that the proposed ward should receive.
880.33(4m)(b)2.
2. Review the plan submitted by the county department under
subd. 1., and approve, disapprove or modify the plan.
880.33(4m)(b)2m.
2m. If the court modifies the treatment plan under
subd. 2., the court shall order the appropriate county department under
s. 46.23,
51.42 or
51.437 to provide the modified treatment plan to the ward.
880.33(4m)(b)4.
4. Order the appropriate county department under
s. 46.23,
51.42 or
51.437 to ensure that protective services, including psychotropic medication, are provided under
ch. 55, in accordance with the approved treatment plan.
880.33(4r)
(4r) If a person substantially fails to comply with the administration of psychotropic medication, if any, ordered under the approved treatment plan under
sub. (4m), a court may authorize the person's guardian to consent to forcible administration of psychotropic medication to the person, if all of the following occur before the administration:
880.33(4r)(a)
(a) The corporation counsel of the county or the person's guardian files with the court a joint statement by the guardian and the director or the designee of the director of the treatment facility that is serving the person or a designated staff member of the appropriate county department under
s. 46.23,
51.42 or
51.437, stating that the person has substantially failed to comply. The statement shall be sworn to be true and may be based on the information and beliefs of the individuals filing the statement.
880.33(4r)(b)
(b) Upon receipt of the joint statement of noncompliance, if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the person has substantially failed to comply with the administration of psychotropic medication under the treatment plan, the court may do all of the following:
880.33(4r)(b)1.
1. Authorize the person's guardian to consent to forcible administration by the treatment facility to the person, on an outpatient basis, of psychotropic medication ordered under the treatment plan.
880.33(4r)(b)2.
2. If the guardian consents to forcible administration of psychotropic medication as specified in
subd. 1., authorize the sheriff or other law enforcement agency, in the county in which the person is found or in which it is believed that the person may be present, to take charge of and transport the person, for outpatient treatment, to an appropriate treatment facility.
880.33(4r)(c)
(c) If the court authorizes a sheriff or other law enforcement agency to take charge of and transport the person as specified in
par. (b) 2., a staff member of the appropriate county department under
s. 46.23,
51.42 or
51.437 or of the treatment facility shall, if feasible, accompany the sheriff or other law enforcement agency officer and shall attempt to convince the person to comply voluntarily with the administration of psychotropic medication under the treatment plan.
880.33(5)
(5) In appointing a guardian, the court shall take into consideration the opinions of the alleged incompetent and of the members of the family as to what is in the best interests of the proposed incompetent. However, the best interests of the proposed incompetent shall control in making the determination when the opinions of the family are in conflict with the clearly appropriate decision. The court shall also consider potential conflicts of interest resulting from the prospective guardian's employment or other potential conflicts of interest. If the proposed incompetent has executed a power of attorney for health care under
ch. 155, the court shall give consideration to the appointment of the health care agent for the individual as the individual's guardian.
880.33(5m)
(5m) No person, except a nonprofit corporation approved by the department of health and family services under
s. 880.35, who has guardianship of the person of 5 or more adult wards unrelated to the person may accept appointment as guardian of the person of another adult ward unrelated to the person, unless approved by the department. No such person may accept appointment as guardian of more than 10 such wards unrelated to the person.
880.33(6)
(6) All court records pertinent to the finding of incompetency are closed but subject to access as provided in
s. 55.06 (17). The fact that a person has been found incompetent is accessible to any person who demonstrates to the custodian of the records a need for that information.
880.33(7)
(7) A finding of incompetency and appointment of a guardian under this subchapter is not grounds for involuntary protective placement. Such placement may be made only in accordance with
s. 55.06.
880.33(8)
(8) At the time of determination of incompetency under this section, the court may:
880.33(8)(a)
(a) Hear application for the appointment of a conservator or limited guardian of property.
880.33(8)(b)
(b) If the proposed incompetent has executed a power of attorney for health care under
ch. 155, find that the power of attorney for health care instrument should remain in effect. If the court so finds, the court shall so order and shall limit the power of the guardian to make those health care decisions for the ward that are not to be made by the health care agent under the terms of the power of attorney for health care instrument, unless the guardian is the health care agent under those terms.
880.33(9)
(9) All the rights and privileges afforded a proposed incompetent under this section shall be given to any person who is alleged to be ineligible to register to vote or to vote in an election by reason that such person is incapable of understanding the objective of the elective process. The determination of the court shall be limited to a finding that the elector is either eligible or ineligible to register to vote or to vote in an election by reason that the person is or is not capable of understanding the objective of the elective process. The determination of the court shall be communicated in writing by the clerk of court to the election official or agency charged under
s. 6.48,
6.92,
6.925 or
6.93 with the responsibility for determining challenges to registration and voting which may be directed against that elector. The determination may be reviewed as provided in
s. 880.34 (4) and
(5) and any subsequent determination of the court shall be likewise communicated by the clerk of court.
880.33 History
History: 1973 c. 284;
1975 c. 393,
421;
1977 c. 29,
187;
1977 c. 203 s.
106;
1977 c. 299,
318,
394,
418,
447;
1979 c. 110,
356;
1981 c. 379;
1987 a. 366; Sup. Ct. Order, 151 Wis. 2d xxii, xxxiv;
1989 a. 200; Sup. Ct. Order, 153 Wis. 2d xxim xxv (1989);
1991 a. 32,
39;
1993 a. 16,
316;
1995 a. 27 s.
9126 (19); Sup. Ct. Order No.
96-08, 207 Wis. 2d xv (1997);
1997 a. 237.
Effective date note
Judicial Council Note, 1990: Sub. (3) is amended by striking reference to the right to testify in judicial or administrative proceedings. The statute conflicts with s. 906.01, as construed in State v. Hanson,
149 Wis. 2d 474 (1989) and State v. Dwyer,
149 Wis. 2d 850 (1989). [Re Order eff. 1-1-91]
880.33 Annotation
A "common sense" finding of incompetency was insufficient for placement under s. 55.06. If competent when sober, an alcoholic has the right to choose to continue an alcoholic lifestyle. Guardianship & Protective Placement of Shaw,
87 Wis. 2d 503,
275 N.W.2d 143 (Ct. App. 1979).
880.33 Annotation
The written report of a physician or psychologist under sub. (1) is hearsay and not admissible in a contested hearing without in-court testimony of the preparing expert. In Matter of Guardianship of R.S.
162 Wis. 2d 197,
470 N.W.2d 260 (1991).
880.33 Annotation
A guardian may not be given authority to forcibly administer psychotropic drugs to a ward. An order for the forcible administration of psychotropic drugs may only be made in a ch. 51 proceeding. State ex rel. Roberta S. v. Waukesha DHS,
171 Wis. 2d 266,
491 N.W.2d 114 (Ct. App. 1992).
880.33 Annotation
The expenses of a guardian ad litem in guardianship proceedings are correctly assessed to the ward under s. 757.48. Assessment of the costs of a medical expert are within the discretion of the court. Elgin and Carol W. v. DHFS,
221 Wis. 2d 36,
584 N.W.2d 195 (Ct. App. 1998).
880.33 Annotation
The statutory provisions for an interested person's formal participation in guardianship and protective placement hearings are specific and limited. No statute provides for interested persons to demand a trial, present evidence, or raise evidentiary objections. A court could consider such participation helpful and in its discretion allow an interested person to participate to the extent it considers appropriate. Coston v. Joseph P.
222 Wis. 2d 1,
586 N.W.2d 52 (Ct. APP. 1998).
880.33 Annotation
Section 907.03 does not allow the proponent of an expert to use the expert solely as a conduit for the hearsay opinions of others. While in a civil proceeding there is no independent right to confront and cross-examine expert witnesses under the state and federal constitutions, procedures used to appoint a guardian and protectively place an individual must conform to the essentials of due process. Walworth County v. Therese B. 2003 WI App 223,
267 Wis. 2d 310,
671 N.W.2d 377,
03-0967.
880.33 Annotation
A proposed ward's rightful refusal to participate in a court-ordered evaluation will not obstruct a guardianship and protective placement proceeding. Due process requires that the examining professional, when confronted with an uncooperative individual, engage in an independent review of all records that are available. Due process prevents the examining professional from regurgitating the opinions of other physicians and psychologists, without independently confirming the facts those opinions are based upon. Walworth County v. Therese B. 2003 WI App 223,
267 Wis. 2d 310,
671 N.W.2d 377,
03-0967.
880.33 Annotation
Sub. (6) requires the closing only of documents filed with the register in probate with respect to ch. 880 proceedings. 67 Atty. Gen. 130.
880.33 Annotation
A guardian has general authority to consent to medication for a ward, but may consent to psychotropic medication only in accordance with ss. 880.07 (1m) and 880.33 (4m) and (4r). The guardian's authority to consent to medication or medical treatment of any kind is not affected by an order for protective placement or services.
OAG 5-99.
880.331
880.331
Guardian ad litem in incompetency cases. 880.331(1)(1)
Appointment. The court shall appoint a guardian ad litem whenever it is proposed that the court appoint a guardian on the ground of incompetency under
s. 880.33, protectively place a person or order protective services under
s. 55.06, review any protective placement or protective service order under
s. 55.06 or terminate a protective placement under
s. 55.06.
880.331(2)
(2) Qualifications. The guardian ad litem shall be an attorney admitted to practice in this state. No person who is an interested party in a proceeding, appears as counsel in a proceeding on behalf of any party or is a relative or representative of an interested party may be appointed guardian ad litem in that proceeding.
880.331(3)
(3) Responsibilities. The guardian ad litem shall be an advocate for the best interests of the proposed ward or alleged incompetent as to guardianship, protective placement and protective services. The guardian ad litem shall function independently, in the same manner as an attorney for a party to the action, and shall consider, but shall not be bound by, the wishes of the proposed ward or alleged incompetent or the positions of others as to the best interests of the proposed ward or alleged incompetent. The guardian ad litem has none of the rights or duties of a general guardian.
880.331(4)
(4) General duties. A guardian ad litem shall do all of the following:
880.331(4)(a)
(a) Interview the proposed ward or alleged incompetent and explain the applicable hearing procedure, the right to counsel and the right to request or continue a limited guardianship.
880.331(4)(b)
(b) Advise the proposed ward or alleged incompetent, both orally and in writing, of that person's rights to a jury trial, to an appeal, to counsel and to an independent medical or psychological examination on the issue of competency, at county expense if the person is indigent.
880.331(4)(c)
(c) Request that the court order additional medical, psychological or other evaluation, if necessary.
