138.055(3)
(3) Notice of interest adjustment. When a change in the interest rate is required or permitted by a movement in the prescribed index, the lender shall give notice to the borrower by mail, addressed to the borrower's last-known post-office address, not less than 30 days prior to any change in interest rate, which notice shall clearly and concisely disclose:
138.055(3)(a)
(a) The effective date of the interest rate change;
138.055(3)(b)
(b) The interest rate change, and if an increase, the extent to which the increased rate will exceed the rate in effect immediately before the increase;
138.055(3)(c)
(c) The changes in the index which caused the interest rate change;
138.055(3)(d)
(d) The amount of the borrower's contractual monthly principal and interest payments before and after the effective date of the change in the interest rate;
138.055(3)(e)
(e) Whether as a result of an increase in the interest rate a lump sum payment may be necessary at the end of the loan term; and
138.055(3)(f)
(f) The borrower's right to prepay the loan within 90 days after said notice without a prepayment charge if the notice required an increase in interest rate.
138.055(4)
(4) Index. In determining any variable interest rate changes permitted under this section, a lender shall use either the index published by the federal home loan bank of Chicago based on the cost of all funds to Wisconsin member institutions or an index approved by:
138.055(4)(a)
(a) The division of savings and loan, if the lender is a savings and loan association or savings bank;
138.055(4)(b)
(b) The office of credit unions, if the lender is a credit union;
138.055(4)(c)
(c) The commissioner of insurance, if the lender is an insurance company; or
138.055(5)(a)(a) This section does not apply to loans or forbearances to corporations or limited liability companies.
138.055(5)(b)
(b) This section applies only to transactions initially entered into on or after June 12, 1976 and before November 1, 1981.
138.055 Annotation
Variable rate mortgages: The transition phase. 61 MLR 140.
138.056
138.056
Variable rate loans. 138.056(1)(a)1.
1. The national average mortgage contract rate for major lenders on the purchase of previously occupied homes, as computed by the federal home loan bank board.
138.056(1)(a)2.
2. The monthly average of weekly auction rates on U.S. treasury bills with a maturity of 3 months or 6 months made available by the federal reserve board.
138.056(1)(a)3.
3. The monthly average yield on U.S. treasury securities adjusted to a constant maturity of 1, 2, 3 or 5 years, made available by the federal reserve board.
138.056(1)(a)4.
4. An index readily verifiable by borrowers and beyond the control of an individual lender and approved by:
138.056(1)(a)4.a.
a. The division of savings and loan, if the lender is a savings and loan association or savings bank;
138.056(1)(a)4.c.
c. The commissioner of insurance, if the lender is an insurance company; or
138.056(1)(c)
(c) "Mobile home transaction" means a consumer credit sale, as defined in
s. 421.301 (9), of or a consumer loan, as defined in
s. 421.301 (12), secured by a first lien or equivalent security interest in a mobile home as defined in
s. 218.10 (2).
138.056(1)(d)
(d) "Variable rate loan" means a mobile home transaction or a loan as defined in
s. 138.052 (1) (b), the terms of which permits the interest rate to be increased or decreased.
138.056(2)
(2) Required terms. A variable rate loan contract shall:
138.056(2)(b)
(b) Use an approved index if it provides for adjustments to the interest rate corresponding to an index. The initial index value shall be the most recently available value of the index prior to the date of closing of the loan. The interest rate at adjustment shall reflect the difference, in reference to the interest rate of the variable rate loan at the date of closing, between the initial index value and the index value most recently available as of the date notice of the interest rate adjustment is mailed under
sub. (4) except the lender may decrease the interest rate or decline to increase the interest rate at any time. The interest rate shall be decreased to reflect any downward movement of the index except to the extent the decrease offsets increases in the index not implemented as interest rate increases. An increase in the index permitting the lender to increase the interest rate but declined by the lender for any rate adjustment interval may be carried over and applied in succeeding interest rate adjustment intervals to the extent the increase is not offset by subsequent decreases in the index. The variable rate loan contract may provide for minimum interest rate change increments which shall apply to both increases and decreases. The variable rate loan contract may limit interest rate decreases only if interest rate increases are restricted at least to the same extent.
138.056(2)(c)
(c) Provide for no more than a one percent increase in the interest rate not more than once each 6 months and permit decreases in the interest rate to be made at any time, if it does not provide for adjustments to the interest rate corresponding to an approved index. If an increase is waived, the lender may at any time increase the interest rate to a rate equal to the interest rate if all increases were made at the first opportunity.
138.056(3)(a)(a) A variable rate loan involving a mobile home transaction or using an approved index may be prepaid at any time in whole or in part without penalty. Other variable rate loans may be prepaid in whole or part without penalty within 30 days after notice of an increase in the interest rate and with the prepayment penalty under
s. 138.052 (2) (a) 2. and
3. if prepayment is made before or after the 30-day period. This paragraph controls if there is a conflict with
s. 138.052 (2) (a).
138.056(3)(b)
(b) No costs or fees may be charged in connection with adjustment to the interest rate of a variable rate loan or an adjustment to the payment, principal balance or term implementing an interest rate adjustment.
138.056(4)
(4) Notice of interest payment changes. 138.056(4)(a)(a) If a change in the interest rate occurs, the lender shall give the borrower notice of the change:
138.056(4)(a)1.
1. At least 30 days before the change if an increase in periodic payments other than the final payment is required.
138.056(4)(b)
(b) The notice shall be mailed to the borrower's last-known address and shall contain all of the following information:
138.056(4)(b)3.
3. The changes in any index which cause the interest rate change.
138.056(4)(b)4.
4. The amount of the contractual monthly principal and interest payments required as a result of the change.
138.056(5)
(5) Negative amortization. The principal balance of a variable rate loan may be increased to implement an interest rate adjustment only if within 10 years after the loan is made, and at least every 5 years thereafter, the payment amount is adjusted to a level at least sufficient to amortize the loan at the then existing interest rate and principal balance over the remaining term of the loan. The payment amount shall be maintained at least at that level until subsequently adjusted under this subsection, except that the payment amount shall be decreased to reflect any decrease in the interest rate.
138.056(6)
(6) Disclosure. Before making a variable rate loan, the lender shall disclose all of the following information to at least one of the borrowers:
138.056(6)(a)
(a) That the loan contract contains a variable interest rate provision.
138.056(6)(b)
(b) An identification of any approved index used in the loan contract and the current base of the approved index.
138.056(6)(c)
(c) The borrower's prepayment rights on receiving notice of a change in the interest rate.
138.056(6)(d)
(d) That a notice of any interest rate increase must be given to the borrower.
138.056(7)
(7) Priority. Any interest accrued or added to the principal of a variable rate loan to implement an interest rate adjustment retains the priority of the original mortgage or equivalent security interest.
138.056(8)
(8) Applicability. This section does not apply to any of the following:
138.056(8)(a)
(a) A loan or forbearance to a corporation or a limited liability company.
138.056(8)(b)
(b) A loan that is primarily for a business purpose or for an agricultural purpose, as defined in
s. 421.301 (4).
138.056(8)(d)
(d) A transaction initially entered into before November 1, 1981.
138.057
138.057
Penalties. Any lender who intentionally violates
s. 138.053,
138.055 or
138.056 is liable to the borrower for all excess interest collected, plus interest thereon at the rate of 5% per year. In addition, the borrower may recover actual damages, including incidental and consequential damages, sustained by reason of the violation.
138.057 History
History: 1975 c. 387;
1977 c. 26;
1981 c. 45 s.
51.
138.058
138.058
Reverse mortgage loans. 138.058(1)(a)
(a) "Qualified lender" means a lender approved by the federal department of housing and urban development to enter into a loan insured by the federal government under
12 USC 1715z-20.
138.058(1)(b)
(b) "Reverse mortgage loan" means a loan, or an agreement to lend, which is secured by a first mortgage on the borrower's principal residence, is insured by the federal government under
12 USC 1715z-20 and requires repayment as specified in the loan agreement under any of the following conditions:
138.058(1)(b)2.
2. All the borrowers have sold the residence or conveyed title to the residence.
138.058(1)(b)3.
3. All the borrowers have moved permanently from the residence.
138.058(2)
(2) Reverse mortgages permitted. A qualified lender may enter into reverse mortgage loans.
138.058(3)
(3) Treatment of reverse mortgage loan proceeds by public benefit programs. 138.058(3)(a)(a) Reverse mortgage loan payments made to a borrower shall be treated as proceeds from a loan and not as income for the purpose of determining eligibility and benefits under means-tested programs of aid to individuals.
138.058(3)(b)
(b) Undisbursed funds shall be treated as equity in a borrower's residence and not as proceeds from a loan for the purpose of determining eligibility and benefits under means-tested programs of aid to individuals.
138.058(3)(c)
(c) This subsection applies to any law relating to payments, allowances, benefits or services provided on a means-tested basis by this state, including supplemental security income, low-income energy assistance, property tax deferral, medical assistance and general assistance.
138.058 History
History: 1993 a. 88.
138.06
138.06
Effect of usury and penalties. 138.06(1)
(1) All instruments, contracts or securities providing a rate of interest exceeding the rate allowed in
s. 138.05,
138.051 or
138.052 shall be valid and effectual to secure the repayment of the principal amount loaned in excess of $2,000; but no interest may be recovered thereon except upon bottomry and respondentia bonds and contracts.
138.06(2)
(2) Any lender or agent of a lender who violates
s. 138.05,
138.051 or
138.052 may be fined not less than $25 nor more than $500, or imprisoned not more than 6 months, or both.
138.06(3)
(3) Any borrower who paid interest on a loan or forbearance at a rate greater than the rate allowed in
s. 138.05,
138.051 or
138.052 may personally or by personal representative recover in an action against the lender or personal representative the amount of interest, principal and charges paid on such loan or forbearance but not more than $2,000 of principal, if the action is brought within the time provided by
s. 893.62.
138.06(4)
(4) Any borrower to whom a lender or agent of a lender fails to provide the statement required in
s. 138.05 (4) with respect to a loan or forbearance may by himself or herself or his or her personal representative recover in an action against the lender or the lender's personal representative an amount equal to all interest and charges paid upon such loan or forbearance but not less than $50 plus reasonable attorney fees incurred in such action.
138.06(5)
(5) Notwithstanding
subs. (1) to
(4), if any violation of
s. 138.05,
138.051 or
138.052 is the result of an unintentional mistake which the lender or agent of the lender corrects upon demand, such unintentional violation shall not affect the enforceability of any provision of the loan contract as so corrected nor shall such violation subject the lender or the agent of the lender to any penalty or forfeiture specified in this section.
138.06(6)
(6) In connection with a sale of goods or services on credit or any forbearance arising therefrom prior to October 9, 1970, there shall be no allowance of penalties under this section for violation of
s. 138.05, except as to those transactions on which an action has been reduced to a final judgment as of May 12, 1972.
138.06(7)
(7) Notwithstanding
sub. (6), a seller shall, with respect to a transaction described in
sub. (6), refund or credit the amount of interest, to the extent it exceeds the rate permitted by
s. 138.05 (1) (a), which was charged in violation of
s. 138.05 and paid by a buyer since October 8, 1968, upon individual written demand therefor made on or before March 1, 1973, and signed by such buyer. A seller who fails within a reasonable time after such demand to make such refund or credit of excess interest shall be liable in an individual action in an amount equal to 3 times the amount thereof, together with reasonable attorney fees.
138.06(8)
(8) This section does not apply to a loan or forbearance made on or after November 1, 1981.
138.06 Annotation
Sub. (7) is constitutional. Wiener v. J. C. Penney Co. 65 W (2d) 139, 222 NW (2d) 149.
138.06 Annotation
Class actions for the recovery of usurious interest charged by revolving credit plans are not precluded by (3). Mussallem v. Diners' Club, Inc. 69 W (2d) 437, 230 NW (2d) 717.
