48.355(4)(a)(a) Except as provided under
s. 48.368, an order under this section or
s. 48.357 or
48.365 made before the child reaches 18 years of age that places or continues the placement of the child in his or her home shall terminate one year after the date on which the order is entered unless the judge specifies a shorter period of time or the judge terminates the order sooner.
48.355(4)(b)
(b) Except as provided under
s. 48.368, an order under this section or
s. 48.357 or
48.365 made before the child reaches 18 years of age that places or continues the placement of the child in a foster home, group home, or residential care center for children and youth, in the home of a relative other than a parent, or in a supervised independent living arrangement shall terminate on the latest of the following dates, unless the judge specifies a shorter period or the judge terminates the order sooner:
48.355(4)(b)1.
1. The date on which the child reaches 18 years of age.
48.355(4)(b)2.
2. The date that is one year after the date on which the order is entered.
48.355(4)(b)3.
3. The date on which the child is granted a high school or high school equivalency diploma or the date on which the child reaches 19 years of age, whichever occurs first, if the child is a full-time student at a secondary school or its vocational or technical equivalent and is reasonably expected to complete the program before reaching 19 years of age.
48.355(4)(b)4.
4. The date on which the child is granted a high school or high school equivalency diploma or the date on which the child reaches 21 years of age, whichever occurs first, if the child is a full-time student at a secondary school or its vocational or technical equivalent and if an individualized education program under
s. 115.787 is in effect for the child. The court may not enter an order that terminates as provided in this subdivision unless the child is 17 years of age or older when the order is entered and the child, or the child's guardian on behalf of the child, agrees to the order. At any time after the child reaches 18 years of age, the child, or the child's guardian on behalf of the child, may request the court in writing to terminate the order and, on receipt of such a request, the court, without a hearing, shall terminate the order.
48.355(4)(c)
(c) An order under this section or
s. 48.357 or
48.365 relating to an unborn child in need of protection or services that is made before the unborn child is born shall terminate one year after the date on which the order is entered unless the judge specifies a shorter period of time or the judge terminates the order sooner.
48.355(5)
(5) Effect of court order. Any party, person or agency who provides services for the child or the expectant mother under this section shall be bound by the court order.
48.355(7)
(7) Orders applicable to parents, guardians, legal custodians, expectant mothers and other adults. In addition to any dispositional order entered under
s. 48.345 or
48.347, the court may enter an order applicable to the parent, guardian or legal custodian of a child, to a family member of an adult expectant mother or to another adult as provided under
s. 48.45.
48.355 History
History: 1977 c. 354;
1979 c. 295,
300,
359;
1983 a. 27,
102,
399,
538;
1985 a. 29;
1987 a. 27,
339,
383;
1989 a. 31,
41,
86,
107,
121,
359;
1991 a. 39;
1993 a. 98,
334,
377,
385,
395,
446,
481,
491;
1995 a. 27,
77,
201,
225,
275;
1997 a. 27,
205,
237,
292;
1999 a. 9,
103,
149,
186;
2001 a. 2,
16,
109;
2005 a. 277;
2007 a. 20,
116;
2009 a. 28,
79,
94,
185,
302;
2011 a. 181,
258;
2013 a. 165,
170,
237,
334,
362.
48.355 Annotation
A circuit court may order parents to pay toward a child's support when a CHIPS child is placed in residential treatment, but the court may not assess any of the facility's education-related costs against the parents. Calumet County Department of Human Services v. Randall H.
2002 WI 126,
257 Wis. 2d 57,
653 N.W.2d 503,
01-1272.
48.355 Annotation
Sub. (2) (b) 1. does not require a CHIPS dispositional order to separately list each individual service that the department is to provide so long as the department is ordered to provide "supervision," "services," and "case management" and the order also provides detailed conditions that the parents must complete in compliance with the dispositional order. Sheboygan County Department of Health & Human Services v. Elijah W.L.
2010 WI 55,
325 Wis. 2d 524,
785 N.W.2d 369,
08-3065.
48.356
48.356
Duty of court to warn. 48.356(1)
(1) Whenever the court orders a child to be placed outside his or her home, orders an expectant mother of an unborn child to be placed outside of her home, or denies a parent visitation because the child or unborn child has been adjudged to be in need of protection or services under
s. 48.345,
48.347,
48.357,
48.363, or
48.365 and whenever the court reviews a permanency plan under
s. 48.38 (5m), the court shall orally inform the parent or parents who appear in court or the expectant mother who appears in court of any grounds for termination of parental rights under
s. 48.415 which may be applicable and of the conditions necessary for the child or expectant mother to be returned to the home or for the parent to be granted visitation.
48.356(2)
(2) In addition to the notice required under
sub. (1), any written order which places a child or an expectant mother outside the home or denies visitation under
sub. (1) shall notify the parent or parents or expectant mother of the information specified under
sub. (1).
48.356 Annotation
Substantial compliance is not adequate to meet the sub. (2) notice provision; oral, rather than written, notice is insufficient. In re D.F.
147 Wis. 2d 486,
433 N.W.2d 609 (Ct. App. 1988).
48.356 Annotation
Dismissal of termination proceedings because only 2 of 6 dispositional orders contained statutory warnings was inappropriate. The warning is only required on one order. In Interest of K.K.
162 Wis. 2d 431,
469 N.W.2d 881 (Ct. App. 1991).
48.356 Annotation
To comply with sub. (2), the written order must contain the same information as the oral notice under sub. (1); that the notice contained more does not mean sub. (2) was violated. In Interest of Jamie L.
172 Wis. 2d 218,
493 N.W.2d 56 (1992).
48.356 Annotation
When termination is under s. 48.415 (8) for murdering the other parent, no notice under sub. (1) of the conditions necessary for the return of the child is necessary as the grounds for termination, the murder, cannot be remedied. Winnebago County DSS v. Darrell A.
194 Wis. 2d 628,
534 N.W.2d 907 (Ct. App. 1995).
48.356 Annotation
It was a denial of due process to terminate parental rights on grounds substantially different from those that the parent was warned of under s. 48.356. State v. Patricia A.P.
195 Wis. 2d 855,
537 N.W.2d 47 (Ct. App. 1995),
95-1164.
48.356 Annotation
The written warning under sub. (2) applies only to orders removing children from placement with their parents or denying parental visitation. Temporary physical custody orders or extensions of those orders may not lead to a loss of parental rights and do not require the written warning. Marinette County v. Tammy C.
219 Wis. 2d 206,
579 N.W.2d 635 (1998),
97-2946.
48.356 Annotation
The last order placing the child outside the home issued before the filing of the petition to terminate parental rights, rather than each order, must contain the written notice prescribed by s. 48.356 (2). Waukesha County v. Steven H.
2000 WI 28,
233 Wis. 2d 344,
607 N.W.2d 607,
98-3033. But see also Waushara County v. Lisa K.
2000 WI App 145,
237 Wis. 2d 830,
615 N.W.2d 204,
00-0590, in which it was held that there was adequate notice when an extension order, which was the final order issued before a TPR petition was filed, did not contain the written notice, but the earlier orders that were extended had.
48.357
48.357
Change in placement. 48.357(1)(a)(a) The person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, the district attorney, or the corporation counsel may request a change in the placement of the child or expectant mother, whether or not the change requested is authorized in the dispositional order, as provided in
par. (am) or
(c), whichever is applicable.
48.357(1)(am)1.1. If the proposed change in placement involves any change in placement other than a change in placement specified in
par. (c), the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, the district attorney, or the corporation counsel shall cause written notice of the proposed change in placement to be sent to the child, the parent, guardian, and legal custodian of the child, any foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) of the child, the child's court-appointed special advocate, and, if the child is an Indian child who has been removed from the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian, the Indian child's Indian custodian and tribe. If the child is the expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, written notice shall also be sent to the unborn child's guardian ad litem. If the change in placement involves an adult expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, written notice shall be sent to the adult expectant mother and the unborn child's guardian ad litem. The notice shall contain the name and address of the new placement, the reasons for the change in placement, a statement describing why the new placement is preferable to the present placement, and a statement of how the new placement satisfies objectives of the treatment plan ordered by the court.
48.357(1)(am)1g.
1g. If the child is an Indian child who has been removed from the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian and if the proposed change in placement would change the Indian child's placement from a placement outside that home to another placement outside that home, a notice under
subd. 1. shall also contain a statement as to whether the new placement is in compliance with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c) and, if the new placement is not in compliance with that order, specific information showing good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(1)(am)2.
2. Except as provided in
subd. 2r., any person receiving the notice under
subd. 1. or notice of a specific placement under
s. 48.355 (2) (b) 2., other than a court-appointed special advocate, may obtain a hearing on the matter by filing an objection with the court within 10 days after receipt of the notice. Except as provided in
subds. 2m. and
2r., placements may not be changed until 10 days after that notice is sent to the court unless written waivers of objection are signed as follows:
48.357(1)(am)2.a.
a. By the parent, guardian, legal custodian, or Indian custodian, the child, if 12 years of age or over, and the child's tribe, if the child is an Indian child who has been removed from the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian.
48.357(1)(am)2.b.
b. By the child expectant mother, if 12 years of age or over, her parent, guardian, legal custodian, or Indian custodian, the unborn child's guardian ad litem, and the child expectant mother's tribe, if she is an Indian child who has been removed from the home of her parent or Indian custodian.
48.357(1)(am)2.c.
c. By the adult expectant mother and the unborn child's guardian ad litem.
48.357(1)(am)2m.
2m. Changes in placement that were authorized in the dispositional order may be made immediately if notice is given as required under
subd. 1. In addition, a hearing is not required for placement changes authorized in the dispositional order except when an objection filed by a person who received notice alleges that new information is available that affects the advisability of the court's dispositional order.
48.357(1)(am)2r.
2r. If the proposed change in placement involves a child who is subject to a dispositional order that terminates as provided in
sub. (6) (a) 4. or
s. 48.355 (4) (b) 4. or
48.365 (5) (b) 4., the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, the district attorney, or the corporation counsel may request a change in placement under this paragraph only if the child or the child's guardian on behalf of the child consents to the change in placement. That person or agency, the district attorney, or the corporation counsel shall cause written notice of the proposed change in placement to be sent to the child, the guardian of the child, and any foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) of the child. No hearing is required for a change in placement described in this subdivision, and the child's placement may be changed at any time after notice of the proposed change in placement is sent to the court.
48.357(1)(am)3.
3. If the court changes the child's placement from a placement outside the home to another placement outside the home, the change in placement order shall contain the applicable order under
sub. (2v) (a) 1m. and the applicable statement under
sub. (2v) (a) 2. If the court changes the placement of an Indian child who has been removed from the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian from a placement outside that home to another placement outside that home, the change in placement order shall, in addition, comply with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c), unless the court finds good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(1)(c)1.1. If the proposed change in placement would change the placement of a child placed in the home to a placement outside the home, the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, the district attorney, or the corporation counsel shall submit a request for the change in placement to the court. The request shall contain the name and address of the new placement, the reasons for the change in placement, a statement describing why the new placement is preferable to the present placement, and a statement of how the new placement satisfies objectives of the treatment plan ordered by the court. The request shall also contain specific information showing that continued placement of the child in his or her home would be contrary to the welfare of the child and, unless any of the circumstances specified in
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies, specific information showing that the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order has made reasonable efforts to prevent the removal of the child from the home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns.
48.357(1)(c)1m.
1m. If the child is an Indian child and if the proposed change in placement would change the placement of the child from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, a request under
subd. 1. shall also contain specific information showing that continued custody of the Indian child by the parent or Indian custodian is likely to result in serious emotional or physical damage to the child under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 1., specific information showing that active efforts under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 2. have been made to prevent the breakup of the Indian child's family and that those efforts have proved unsuccessful, a statement as to whether the new placement is in compliance with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c) and, if the new placement is not in compliance with that order, specific information showing good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(1)(c)2.
2. The court shall hold a hearing prior to ordering any change in placement requested under
subd. 1. Not less than 3 days prior to the hearing, the court shall provide notice of the hearing, together with a copy of the request for the change in placement, to the child, the parent, guardian, and legal custodian of the child, the child's court-appointed special advocate, all parties that are bound by the dispositional order, and, if the child is an Indian child, the Indian child's Indian custodian and tribe. Subject to
subd. 2r., if all parties consent, the court may proceed immediately with the hearing.
48.357(1)(c)2m.
2m. If the court changes the child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the parent, if present at the hearing, shall be requested to provide the names and other identifying information of 3 relatives of the child or other individuals 18 years of age or over whose homes the parent requests the court to consider as placements for the child, unless that information has previously been provided under this subdivision,
sub. (2m) (bm), or
s. 48.21 (3) (f) or
48.335 (6). If the parent does not provide that information at the hearing, the county department, the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order shall permit the parent to provide the information at a later date.
48.357(1)(c)2r.
2r. If the child is an Indian child and if the proposed change in placement would change the placement of the child from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, notice under
subd. 2. to the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, and tribe shall be provided in the manner specified in
s. 48.028 (4) (a). No hearing on the request may be held until at least 10 days after receipt of the notice by the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, and tribe or, if the identity or location of the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe cannot be determined, until at least 15 days after receipt of the notice by the U.S. secretary of the interior. On request of the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe, the court shall grant a continuance of up to 20 additional days to enable the requester to prepare for the hearing.
48.357(1)(c)3.
3. If the court changes the child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the change in placement order shall contain the findings under
sub. (2v) (a) 1., the applicable order under
sub. (2v) (a) 1m., the applicable statement under
sub. (2v) (a) 2., and, if in addition the court finds that any of the circumstances under
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies with respect to a parent, the determination under
sub. (2v) (a) 3. If the court changes the placement of an Indian child from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, the change in placement order shall, in addition, contain the findings under
sub. (2v) (a) 4. and comply with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c), unless the court finds good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from the order.
48.357(2)
(2) If emergency conditions necessitate an immediate change in the placement of a child or expectant mother placed outside the home, the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order may remove the child or expectant mother to a new placement, whether or not authorized by the existing dispositional order, without the prior notice provided in
sub. (1) (am) 1. or the consent required under
sub. (1) (am) 2r. The notice shall, however, be sent within 48 hours after the emergency change in placement. Any party receiving notice may demand a hearing under
sub. (1) (am) 2. In emergency situations, a child may be placed in a licensed public or private shelter care facility as a transitional placement for not more than 20 days, as well as in any placement authorized under
s. 48.345 (3).
48.357(2m)(a)(a) Except as provided in
par. (bv), the child, the parent, guardian, legal custodian, or Indian custodian of the child, the expectant mother, the unborn child's guardian ad litem, or any person or agency primarily bound by the dispositional order, other than the person or agency responsible for implementing the order, may request a change in placement under this paragraph. The request shall contain the name and address of the new placement requested and shall state what new information is available that affects the advisability of the current placement. If the proposed change in placement would change the placement of a child placed in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the request shall also contain specific information showing that continued placement of the child in the home would be contrary to the welfare of the child and, unless any of the circumstances under
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies, specific information showing that the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order has made reasonable efforts to prevent the removal of the child from the home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns. The request shall be submitted to the court. The court may also propose a change in placement on its own motion.
48.357 Note
NOTE: Par. (a) is shown as affected by
2013 Wis. Acts 170 and
334 and as merged by the legislative reference bureau under s. 13.92 (2) (i).
48.357(2m)(am)1.1. If the proposed change of placement would change the placement of an Indian child placed in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, a request under
par. (a) shall also contain specific information showing that continued custody of the Indian child by the parent or Indian custodian is likely to result in serious emotional or physical damage to the child under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 1., specific information showing that active efforts under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 2. have been made to prevent the breakup of the Indian child's family and that those efforts have proved unsuccessful, a statement as to whether the new placement is in compliance with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c) and, if the new placement is not in compliance with that order, specific information showing good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(2m)(am)2.
2. If the proposed change in placement would change the placement of an Indian child placed outside the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to another placement outside that home, a request under
par. (a) shall also contain a statement as to whether the new placement is in compliance with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c) and, if the new placement is not in compliance with that order, specific information showing good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(2m)(b)
(b) The court shall hold a hearing prior to ordering any change in placement requested or proposed under
par. (a) if the request states that new information is available that affects the advisability of the current placement. Except as provided in
par. (bv), a hearing is not required if the requested or proposed change in placement does not involve a change in placement of a child placed in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, written waivers of objection to the proposed change in placement are signed by all persons entitled to receive notice under this paragraph, other than a court-appointed special advocate, and the court approves. If a hearing is scheduled, not less than 3 days before the hearing the court shall notify the child, the parent, guardian, and legal custodian of the child, any foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) of the child, the child's court-appointed special advocate, all parties who are bound by the dispositional order, and, if the child is an Indian child, the Indian child's Indian custodian and tribe. If the child is the expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, the court shall also notify the unborn child's guardian ad litem. If the change in placement involves an adult expectant mother of an unborn child under
s. 48.133, the court shall notify the adult expectant mother, the unborn child's guardian ad litem, and all parties who are bound by the dispositional order, at least 3 days prior to the hearing. A copy of the request or proposal for the change in placement shall be attached to the notice. Subject to
par. (br), if all of the parties consent, the court may proceed immediately with the hearing.
48.357 Note
NOTE: Par. (b) is shown as affected by
2013 Wis. Acts 170 and
334 and as merged by the legislative reference bureau under s. 13.92 (2) (i).
48.357(2m)(bm)
(bm) If the court changes the child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the parent, if present at the hearing, shall be requested to provide the names and other identifying information of 3 relatives of the child or other individuals 18 years of age or over whose homes the parent requests the court to consider as placements for the child, unless that information has previously been provided under this paragraph,
sub. (1) (c) 2m., or
s. 48.21 (3) (f) or
48.335 (6). If the parent does not provide that information at the hearing, the county department, the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order shall permit the parent to provide the information at a later date.
48.357(2m)(br)
(br) If the child is an Indian child, and if the proposed change in placement would change the placement of the Indian child from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, notice under
par. (b) to the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, and tribe shall be provided in the manner specified in
s. 48.028 (4) (a). Notwithstanding
par. (b), no hearing on the request or proposal may be held until at least 10 days after receipt of the notice by the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, and tribe or, if the identity or location of the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe cannot be determined, until at least 15 days after receipt of the notice by the U.S. secretary of the interior. On request of the Indian child's parent, Indian custodian, or tribe, the court shall grant a continuance of up to 20 additional days to enable the requester to prepare for the hearing.
48.357(2m)(bv)
(bv) If the proposed change in placement involves a child who is subject to a dispositional order that terminates as provided in
sub. (6) (a) 4. or
s. 48.355 (4) (b) 4. or
48.365 (5) (b) 4., only the child or the child's guardian on behalf of the child or a person or agency primarily bound by the dispositional order may request a change in placement under
par. (a). No hearing is required for a change in placement described in this paragraph if written waivers of objection to the proposed change in placement are signed by the child, the guardian of the child, and all parties that are bound by the dispositional order. If a hearing is scheduled, the court may proceed immediately with the hearing on the consent of the person who requested the change in placement, the child, the guardian of the child, and all parties who are bound by the dispositional order.
48.357(2m)(c)1.1. If the court changes the child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the change in placement order shall contain the findings under
sub. (2v) (a) 1., the applicable order under
sub. (2v) (a) 1m., the applicable statement under
sub. (2v) (a) 2., and, if in addition the court finds that any of the circumstances under
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies with respect to a parent, the determination under
sub. (2v) (a) 3. If the court changes the placement of an Indian child from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, the change in placement order shall, in addition, contain the findings under
sub. (2v) (a) 4. and comply with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c), unless the court finds good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(2m)(c)2.
2. If the court changes the child's placement from a placement outside the home to another placement outside the home, the change in placement order shall contain the applicable order under
sub. (2v) (a) 1m. and the applicable statement under
sub. (2v) (a) 2. If the court changes the placement of an Indian child from a placement outside the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to another placement outside that home, the change in placement order shall, in addition, comply with the order of placement preference under
s. 48.028 (7) (b) or, if applicable,
s. 48.028 (7) (c), unless the court finds good cause, as described in
s. 48.028 (7) (e), for departing from that order.
48.357(2r)
(2r) If a hearing is held under
sub. (1) (am) 2. or
(2m) (b) and the change in placement would remove a child from a foster home or other placement with a physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2), the court shall give the foster parent or other physical custodian a right to be heard at the hearing by permitting the foster parent or other physical custodian to make a written or oral statement during the hearing or to submit a written statement prior to the hearing relating to the child and the requested change in placement. A foster parent or other physical custodian described in
s. 48.62 (2) who receives notice of a hearing under
sub. (1) (am) 1. or
(2m) (b) and a right to be heard under this subsection does not become a party to the proceeding on which the hearing is held solely on the basis of receiving that notice and right to be heard.
48.357(2v)(a)(a) A change in placement order under
sub. (1) or
(2m) shall contain all of the following:
48.357(2v)(a)1.
1. If the change in placement order changes the child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, a finding that continued placement of the child in his or her home would be contrary to the welfare of the child and, unless a circumstance specified in
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies, a finding that the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order has made reasonable efforts to prevent the removal of the child from the home, while assuring that the child's health and safety are the paramount concerns.
48.357(2v)(a)1m.
1m. If the change in placement order changes the placement of a child who is under the supervision of the county department or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department to a placement outside the child's home, whether from a placement in the home or from another placement outside the home, an order ordering the child into, or to be continued in, the placement and care responsibility of the county department or department as required under
42 USC 672 (a) (2) and assigning the county department or department primary responsibility, or continued primary responsibility, for providing services to the child.
48.357(2v)(a)2.
2. If the change in placement order would change the placement of the child to a placement outside the home recommended by the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order, whether from a placement in the home or from another placement outside the home, a statement that the court approves the placement recommended by that person or agency or, if the change in placement order would change the placement of the child to a placement outside the home that is not a placement recommended by that person or agency, whether from a placement in the home or from another placement outside the home, a statement that the court has given bona fide consideration to the recommendations made by that person or agency and all parties relating to the child's placement.
48.357(2v)(a)2m.
2m. If the child has one or more siblings, as defined in
s. 48.38 (4) (br) 1., who have been placed outside the home or for whom a change in placement to a placement outside the home is requested, a finding as to whether the county department, the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order has made reasonable efforts to place the child in a placement that enables the sibling group to remain together, unless the court determines that a joint placement would be contrary to the safety or well-being of the child or any of those siblings, in which case the court shall order the county department, department, or agency to make reasonable efforts to provide for frequent visitation or other ongoing interaction between the child and the siblings, unless the court determines that such visitation or interaction would be contrary to the safety or well-being of the child or any of those siblings.
48.357(2v)(a)3.
3. If the court finds that any of the circumstances specified in
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies with respect to a parent, a determination that the agency primarily responsible for providing services under the change in placement order is not required to make reasonable efforts with respect to the parent to make it possible for the child to return safely to his or her home. This subdivision does not apply to a child who is subject to a dispositional order that terminates as provided in
s. 48.355 (4) (b) 4.,
48.357 (6) (a) 4., or
48.365 (5) (b) 4.
48.357(2v)(a)4.
4. If the change in placement order changes an Indian child's placement from a placement in the home of his or her parent or Indian custodian to a placement outside that home, a finding supported by clear and convincing evidence, including the testimony of one or more qualified expert witnesses, that continued custody of the Indian child by the parent or Indian custodian is likely to result in serious emotional or physical damage to the child under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 1. and a finding that active efforts under
s. 48.028 (4) (d) 2. have been made to prevent the breakup of the Indian child's family and that those efforts have proved unsuccessful. The findings under this subdivision shall be in addition to the findings under
subd. 1., except that for the sole purpose of determining whether the cost of providing care for an Indian child is eligible for reimbursement under
42 USC 670 to
679b, the findings under this subdivision and the findings under
subd. 1. shall be considered to be the same findings. The findings under this subdivision are not required if they were made in a previous order in the proceeding unless a change in circumstances warrants new findings.
48.357(2v)(b)
(b) The court shall make the findings specified in
par. (a) 1. and
3. on a case-by-case basis based on circumstances specific to the child and shall document or reference the specific information on which those findings are based in the change in placement order. A change in placement order that merely references
par. (a) 1. or
3. without documenting or referencing that specific information in the change in placement order or an amended change in placement order that retroactively corrects an earlier change in placement order that does not comply with this paragraph is not sufficient to comply with this paragraph.
48.357(2v)(c)
(c) If the court finds under
par. (a) 3. that any of the circumstances specified in
s. 48.355 (2d) (b) 1. to
5. applies with respect to a parent, the court shall hold a hearing under
s. 48.38 (4m) within 30 days after the date of that finding to determine the permanency goal and, if applicable, any concurrent permanency goals for the child.
48.357(2v)(d)1.1. Subject to
subd. 2., the court shall order the county department, the department in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, or the agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order to conduct a diligent search in order to locate and provide notice of the information specified in
s. 48.21 (5) (e) 2. a. to
e. to all relatives of the child named under
sub. (1) (c) 2m. or
(2m) (bm) and to all adult relatives, as defined in
s. 48.21 (5) (e) 1., of the child within 30 days after the child is removed from the custody of the child's parent unless the child is returned to his or her home within that period. The court may also order the county department, department, or agency to conduct a diligent search in order to locate and provide notice of that information to all other adult individuals named under
sub. (1) (c) 2m. or
(2m) (bm) within 30 days after the child is removed from the custody of the child's parent unless the child is returned to his or her home within that period. The county department, department, or agency may not provide that notice to a person named under
sub. (1) (c) 2m. or
(2m) (bm) or to an adult relative if the county department, department, or agency has reason to believe that it would be dangerous to the child or to the parent if the child were placed with that person or adult relative.
48.357(4d)(a)(a) Except as provided in
par. (b), the court may not change a child's placement to a placement in the home of a person who has been convicted under
s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under
s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of a parent of the child, if the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated.
48.357(4d)(am)
(am) Except as provided in
par. (b), if a parent in whose home a child is placed is convicted under
s. 940.01 of the first-degree intentional homicide, or under
s. 940.05 of the 2nd-degree intentional homicide, of the child's other parent, and the conviction has not been reversed, set aside or vacated, the court shall change the child's placement to a placement out of the home of the parent on petition of the child, the guardian or legal custodian of the child, a person or agency bound by the dispositional order or the district attorney or corporation counsel of the county in which the dispositional order was entered, or on the court's own motion, and on notice to the parent.
48.357(4d)(b)
(b) Paragraphs (a) and
(am) do not apply if the court determines by clear and convincing evidence that the placement would be in the best interests of the child. The court shall consider the wishes of the child in making that determination.
48.357(5m)(a)(a) If a proposed change in placement changes a child's placement from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the child's home, the court shall order the child's parent to provide a statement of income, assets, debts and living expenses to the court or the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order by a date specified by the court. The clerk of court shall provide, without charge, to any parent ordered to provide a statement of income, assets, debts, and living expenses a document setting forth the percentage standard established by the department under
s. 49.22 (9) and the manner of its application established by the department under
s. 49.345 (14) (g) and listing the factors that a court may consider under
s. 49.345 (14) (c). If the child is placed outside the child's home, the court shall determine the liability of the parent in the manner provided in
s. 49.345 (14).
48.357(5m)(b)
(b) If the court orders the child's parent to provide a statement of income, assets, debts and living expenses to the court or if the court orders the child's parent to provide that statement to the person or agency primarily responsible for implementing the dispositional order and that person or agency is not the county department or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department, the court shall also order the child's parent to provide that statement to the county department or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department by a date specified by the court. The county department or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department shall provide, without charge, to the parent a form on which to provide that statement, and the parent shall provide that statement on that form. The county department or, in a county having a population of 500,000 or more, the department shall use the information provided in the statement to determine whether the department may claim federal foster care and adoption assistance reimbursement under
42 USC 670 to
679a for the cost of providing care for the child.
48.357(5r)
(5r) The court may not change the placement of an expectant mother of an unborn child in need of protection or services from a placement in the expectant mother's home to a placement outside of the expectant mother's home unless the court finds that the expectant mother is refusing or has refused to accept any alcohol or other drug abuse services offered to her or is not making or has not made a good faith effort to participate in any alcohol or other drug abuse services offered to her.
48.357(6)(a)(a) No change in placement may extend the expiration date of the original order, except that if the change in placement is from a placement in the child's home to a placement outside the home the court may extend the expiration date of the original order to the latest of the following dates, unless the court specifies a shorter period:
48.357(6)(a)1.
1. The date on which the child reaches 18 years of age.
48.357(6)(a)2.
2. The date that is one year after the date on which the change in placement order is entered.
48.357(6)(a)3.
3. The date on which the child is granted a high school or high school equivalency diploma or the date on which the child reaches 19 years of age, whichever occurs first, if the child is a full-time student at a secondary school or its vocational or technical equivalent and is reasonably expected to complete the program before reaching 19 years of age.
48.357(6)(a)4.
4. The date on which the child is granted a high school or high school equivalency diploma or the date on which the child reaches 21 years of age, whichever occurs first, if the child is a full-time student at a secondary school or its vocational or technical equivalent and if an individualized education program under
s. 115.787 is in effect for the child. The court may not enter an order that terminates as provided in this subdivision unless the child is 17 years of age or older when the order is entered and the child, or the child's guardian on behalf of the child, agrees to the order. At any time after the child reaches 18 years of age, the child, or the child's guardian on behalf of the child, may request the court in writing to terminate the order and, on receipt of such a request, the court, without a hearing, shall terminate the order.
48.357(6)(b)
(b) If the change in placement is from a placement outside the home to a placement in the child's home and if the expiration date of the original order is more than one year after the date on which the change in placement order is entered, the court shall shorten the expiration date of the original order to the date that is one year after the date on which the change in placement order is entered or to an earlier date as specified by the court.
48.357 History
History: 1977 c. 354;
1979 c. 300;
1987 a. 27;
1989 a. 31,
107;
1993 a. 16,
385,
395,
446,
481,
491;
1995 a. 27,
77,
275,
404;
1997 a. 3,
35,
80,
237,
292;
1999 a. 9,
103,
149;
2001 a. 16,
103,
109;
2005 a. 253;
2007 a. 20;
2009 a. 28,
79,
94;
2011 a. 181;
2011 a. 260 s.
80;
2013 a. 170,
334; s. 13.92 (2) (i).
48.357 Annotation
A foster parent is entitled to a hearing under s. 48.64 (4) (a) regarding the person's interest as a foster parent even when placement of the child cannot be affected by the hearing outcome. Bingenheimer v. DHSS,
129 Wis. 2d 100,
383 N.W.2d 898 (1986).
